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The Kakatiya dynasty was a Telugu dynasty that ruled most of eastern Deccan region in present-day India between 12th and 14th centuries. Their territory comprised much of the present day Telangana and Andhra Pradesh, and parts of eastern Karnataka, northern Tamil Nadu, and southern Odisha. Their capital was Orugallu, now known as Warangal.
The Telugu Chodas or Telugu Cholas ruled parts of present-day Andhra Pradesh and Telangana between the 6th and the 13th centuries as samantas of Pallavas and later the Cholas. Various dynasties exist among them including Velanati, Pottapi, Konidena, Nannuru, Nellore, Kunduru etc. The earliest Choda dynasty in the Telugu area was that of Renati Chodas who ruled Renadu region in the 6th and 7th centuries. Some of the Telugu Chodas including Renati Chodas claimed descent from the early Sangam Chola king Karikala Chola.Telugu Chodas contributed much to the early development of Telugu language and are the first dynasty to use Telugu as their official language. The first and oldest Telugu inscription founded so far is Kalamalla inscription dating to 575 CE put up by Renati Chola king Erikal Mutturaju Dhananjaya. Telugu Chodas are believed to have been migrated from Tamilakam to Andhra country due to invasion of Tamilakam by Kalabhras and increasing power of Pallavas in northern most part of Tamilakam.
Velanati Chodas or Velanati Durjayas were a dynasty who ruled over parts of the Andhra Pradesh in the 12th century. They were Vassals of Later Cholas and Western Chalukyas and ruled over the region of Kammanadu in modern Guntur district.
Jayapa or Jaya was a military commander under the Kakatiya king Ganapati-deva, whose core territory included the Telugu-speaking region in present-day Andhra Pradesh and Telangana.
Jagadeva, also known as Jagaddeva or Jagdev Parmar, was an 11th-12th century prince from the Paramara dynasty of central India. He is known from an inscription discovered at Jainad and some folk legends. His political status is uncertain, although according to one theory, he may have been a vassal of the Western Chalukyas.
Pratāparudra, also known as Rudradeva II, was the last ruler of the Kakatiya dynasty of India. He ruled the eastern part of Deccan, with his capital at Warangal.
Padmakshi Temple is one of the oldest temples in the Hanamakonda area of Telangana, India. It is dedicated to the Hindu goddess Padmakshi (Lakshmi), and also features Jain imagery.
Arikesari I was an Indian ruler from the Vemulavada Chalukya dynasty. He was a vassal of the Rashtrakuta king Dhruva Dharavarsha and appears to have helped his overlord subjugate the Vengi Chalukya ruler Vishnuvardhana IV.
Arikesari II was a ruler of the Vemulavada Chalukya dynasty of present-day Telangana, India. A Rashtrakuta vassal, he played an important role in dethroning the Rashtrakuta emperor Govinda IV and enthroning Amoghavarsha III as the new emperor. He was the patron of Pampa, one of the earliest notable Kannada-language poets.
Arikesari III was the last known ruler of the Vemulavada Chalukya dynasty of present-day Telangana, India. He was a vassal of the Rashtrakuta king Krishna III.
Prola II was a Kakatiya chief who ruled the area around Anumakomda as a vassal of the Kalyani Chalukyas. He was the father of Rudra-deva, the first sovereign ruler of the Kakatiya family.
Gunda III, also known as Gundyana or Gundana, was a member of the Kakatiya dynasty of southern India. He served the Rashtrakuta king Krishna II, and died during Krishna's invasion of the Vengi Chalukya kingdom. He is the earliest known member of the Kakatiya family to have been in the Telugu-speaking region.
Gunda IV alias Pindi-Gunda was a member of the Kakatiya dynasty of southern India. As a Rashtrakuta general, he helped the Vengi Chalukya prince Danarnava ascend the throne after a succession dispute. In 973 CE, after the collapse of the Rashtrakuta empire and the murder of Danarnava, he attempted to carve out an independent principality at Kuravi. The Kalyani Chalukyas, who had usurped the power from the Rashtrakutas, probably defeated and killed him, supported by the Mudugonda Chalukyas, the former rulers of Kuravi.
Beta I, also known as Garudanka Beta or Garuda Beta, was a member of the Kakatiya dynasty of southern India. His father Gunda IV was a Rashtrakuta vassal, and was killed in a conflict with the Kalyani Chalukyas who usurped the power from the Rashtrakutas. Beta accepted the suzerainty of the Kalyani Chalukyas, participated in their war against the Cholas, and obtained Anamkonda as fief.
Prola I was a member of the Kakatiya dynasty of southern India. As a Kalyani Chalukya vassal, he participated in prince Vikramaditya VI's campaigns, and consolidated the Kakatiya control over the area around Anumakonda by subjugating local chiefs. He obtained the Anumakonda vishaya and its neighbouring lands as a hereditary fief from the Chalukya king.
Durga-raja was a member of the Kakatiya dynasty of southern India. He is attested by only one record - the 1098 CE Kazipet dargah inscription, which was issued during the reign of his father Beta II. According to one theory, he probably ruled for a short period and rebelled against his Kalyani Chalukya overlord, before being subjugated by his brother Prola II who remained loyal to the Chalukyas.
Rudra-deva was a Kakatiya king, who ruled parts of the present-day Telangana and Andhra Pradesh in southern India. He was the first sovereign ruler of his dynasty.
Mahadeva was a ruler of the Kakatiya dynasty which ruled in the present-day Telangana and Andhra Pradesh regions of India. He died in battle during an invasion of the neighbouring Seuna (Yadava) kingdom. The Yadavas captured his son Ganapati, but later reinstated him on the Kakatiya throne.
Ganapati-deva was the longest reigning monarch of the Kakatiya dynasty of southern India. He brought most of the Telugu-speaking region in present-day Andhra Pradesh and Telangana under the Kakatiya influence by war or diplomacy.
Amba-deva was a 13th-century chief who carved out an independent principality in present-day Andhra Pradesh in southern India. He was a member of the Kayastha family, whose members were vassals to the Kakatiya monarchs. Amba-deva succeeded his elder brother Tripurari as the Kayastha chief in 1272, and soon gave up allegiance to the Kakatiya queen Rudrama. He defeated several Kakatiya subordinates, and also fought against the neighbouring Pandyas and their vassals to carve out an independent principality with its capital at Valluru-pattana. A Kakatiya force sent by Rudrama's successor Prataparudra defeated him in mid-1291.
References
- 1 2 3 P.V.P. Sastry 1978, p. 47.
- 1 2 3 4 P.V.P. Sastry 1978, p. 48.
- 1 2 3 R.S. Sharma 1957, p. 200.
- ↑ Ghulam Yazdani 1960, p. 580-581.
- ↑ P.V.P. Sastry 1978, p. 46.
- ↑ P.V.P. Sastry 1978, p. 48-49.
- ↑ P.V.P. Sastry 1978, p. 49.
- ↑ P.V.P. Sastry 1978, p. 76.
- ↑ P.V.P. Sastry 1978, p. 36.
- ↑ P.V.P. Sastry 1978, p. 47-49.
Bibliography
- P.V.P. Sastry (1978). N. Ramesan (ed.). The Kākatiyas of Warangal. Hyderabad: Government of Andhra Pradesh. OCLC 252341228.
- N. Venkataramanayya; M. Somasekhara Sarma (1960). "The Kakatiyas of Warangal". In Ghulam Yazdani (ed.). The Early History of the Deccan Parts VII - XI. Vol. IX: The Kākatīyas of Warangal. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9788170691259. OCLC 59001459.
- N. Venkataramanayya; P.V.P. Sastry (1957). "The Kākatīyas". In R.S. Sharma (ed.). A Comprehensive history of India: A.D. 985-1206. Vol. 4 (Part 1) (1987 reprint ed.). Indian History Congress / People's Publishing House. ISBN 978-81-7007-121-1.