Bongrain Ice Piedmont ( 69°0′S71°30′W / 69.000°S 71.500°W Coordinates: 69°0′S71°30′W / 69.000°S 71.500°W ) is an ice piedmont, 27 nautical miles long in a northeast–southwest direction and 12 nautical miles wide in its widest part, occupying the northwest coastal area of Alexander Island. Mount Bayonne lies to the east and Cape Vostok lies southwest of Bongrain Ice Piedmont. It was first seen from a distance and roughly surveyed by the French Antarctic Expedition, 1908–10, (FrAE) under Jean-Baptiste Charcot, and later photographed from the air by the British Graham Land Expedition on August 15, 1936, and roughly mapped from these photos. It was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee in 1954 for Maurice Bongrain, surveyor of the FrAE, who was responsible for the first map of this coast. [1]
A geographic coordinate system is a coordinate system that enables every location on Earth to be specified by a set of numbers, letters or symbols. The coordinates are often chosen such that one of the numbers represents a vertical position and two or three of the numbers represent a horizontal position; alternatively, a geographic position may be expressed in a combined three-dimensional Cartesian vector. A common choice of coordinates is latitude, longitude and elevation. To specify a location on a plane requires a map projection.
An ice piedmont consists of "Ice covering a coastal strip of low-lying land backed by mountains."
Alexander Island, which is also known as Alexander I Island, Alexander I Land, Alexander Land, Alexander I Archipelago, and Zemlja Alexandra I, is the largest island of Antarctica. It lies in the Bellingshausen Sea west of Palmer Land, Antarctic Peninsula from which it is separated by Marguerite Bay and George VI Sound. George VI Ice Shelf entirely fills George VI Sound and connects Alexander Island to Palmer Land. The island partly surrounds Wilkins Sound, which lies to its west. Alexander Island is about 390 kilometres (240 mi) long in a north-south direction, 80 kilometres (50 mi) wide in the north, and 240 kilometres (150 mi) wide in the south. Alexander Island is the second largest uninhabited island in the world, after Devon Island.
The Airy Glacier is a glacier 20 nautical miles (37 km) long and 6 nautical miles (11 km) wide, flowing west to the northeast portion of Forster Ice Piedmont, near the west coast of the Antarctic Peninsula.
Gilbert Glacier is a glacier about 20 nautical miles (37 km) long flowing south from Nichols Snowfield into Mozart Ice Piedmont, situated in northern Alexander Island, Antarctica.
Jutulstraumen Glacier is a large glacier in Queen Maud Land, Antarctica, about 120 nautical miles (220 km) long, draining northward to the Fimbul Ice Shelf between the Kirwan Escarpment, Borg Massif and Ahlmann Ridge on the west and the Sverdrup Mountains on the east. It was mapped by Norwegian cartographers from surveys and air photos by the Norwegian–British–Swedish Antarctic Expedition (1949–52) and air photos by the Norwegian expedition (1958–59) and named Jutulstraumen. More specifically jutulen are troll-like figures from Norwegian folk tales. The ice stream reaches speeds of around 4 metres per day near the coast where it is heavily crevassed.
Bartók Glacier is a glacier, 7 nautical miles (13 km) long and 3 nautical miles (6 km) wide, flowing southwest from the southern end of the Elgar Uplands in the northern part of Alexander Island. It was first photographed from the air and roughly mapped by the British Graham Land Expedition in 1937, and more accurately mapped from air photos taken by the Ronne Antarctic Research Expedition, 1947–48, by D. Searle of the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey in 1960. It was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee after the Hungarian composer Béla Bartók.
Wagner Ice Piedmont is an ice piedmont, 9 nautical miles (17 km) long in a NW-SE direction and 4 nautical miles (7 km) wide, overlying the southwest part of Rothschild Island.
Darbel Bay is a bay 25 nautical miles (50 km) wide, indenting the west coast of Graham Land between Stresher Peninsula and Pernik Peninsula. Entered southwest of Cape Bellue and northeast of Cape Rey. The glaciers Widmark Ice Piedmont, Cardell, Erskine, Hopkins, Drummond, Widdowson, McCance, Solun and Škorpil feed the bay.
Delius Glacier is a glacier, 6 nautical miles (11 km) long and 2 nautical miles (4 km) wide, flowing west from the Elgar Uplands into Nichols Snowfield, in the northern part of Alexander Island, Antarctica. It was first seen from the air and roughly mapped by the British Graham Land Expedition in 1937. It was more accurately mapped from air photos taken by the Ronne Antarctic Research Expedition, 1947–48, by D. Searle of the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey in 1960, and from U.S. Landsat imagery of February 1975. It was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee after Frederick Delius, the British composer.
Mount Guernsey is an isolated, mainly ice-covered mountain, 1,250 metres (4,100 ft) high, standing 6 nautical miles (11 km) north of the summit of Mount Edgell, on the west coast of the Antarctic Peninsula. The name "Ile Guernesey" was given in 1909 by the French Antarctic Expedition under Jean-Baptiste Charcot, after the island of Guernsey off the coast of France. The position of "Ile Guernesey" on the French expedition maps does not agree with that of the mountain described above, but from the narrative and sketches by Maurice Bongrain, the expedition surveyor, it has been determined that this mountain was the feature seen in 1909 by Charcot from a position near the center of the entrance to Marguerite Bay. The mountain was surveyed in 1936 by the British Graham Land Expedition, but no name was assigned. It was further surveyed by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey in 1948.
Mozart Ice Piedmont is an ice piedmont, 60 nautical miles (110 km) long-running in a NW-SE direction and 15 nautical miles (28 km) wide in its widest part, on the west coast of Alexander Island, Antarctica. Mapped from air photos taken by the Ronne Antarctic Research Expedition (RARE) in 1947, by Searle of the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS) in 1960. Named by the United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) for Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756–1791), famous Austrian composer. Some landforms within this area are named in association with the Mozart Ice Piedmont such as Figaro Nunatak, along with a few other landforms.
Mahler Spur is a rock spur, 6 nautical miles (11 km) long, extending west into the Mozart Ice Piedmont 7 nautical miles (13 km) east of the south end of the Debussy Heights, in the northern part of Alexander Island, Antarctica. It was first seen from the air and roughly mapped by the British Graham Land Expedition in 1937. The spur was accurately delineated from air photos taken by the Ronne Antarctic Research Expedition, 1947–48, by D. Searle of the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey in 1960. It was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee for Gustav Mahler, the Austrian composer.
The Finlandia Foothills are a rock massif, 10 nautical miles (19 km) long and 3 nautical miles (6 km) wide, rising to about 1,130 metres (3,700 ft) at the west side of Sibelius Glacier, situated in northern Alexander Island, Antarctica. The massif lies immediately south of the Geode Nunataks, north of the Handel Ice Piedmont and west of Witches Cauldron. They were photographed from the air by the Ronne Antarctic Research Expedition, 1947–48, and mapped from these photographs by D. Searle of the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey, 1960. In association with the glacier they were named after the symphonic poem Finlandia by the Finnish composer Jean Sibelius (1865-1957).
Gibbs Glacier is a glacier, 15 nautical miles (28 km) long, flowing southeast into the northern part of Mercator Ice Piedmont on the east side of the Antarctic Peninsula. This feature together with Neny Glacier, which flows northwest, occupy a transverse depression between Mercator Ice Piedmont and Neny Fjord on the west side of the Antarctic Peninsula. Gibbs Glacier was photographed from the air and first mapped by the United States Antarctic Service, 1939–41, and the Ronne Antarctic Research Expedition, 1947–48. It was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee for Peter M. Gibbs of the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey, a surveyor at Horseshoe Island, 1957, and leader at Stonington Island, 1958, who was responsible for the first ground survey of the glacier.
Glaciologist Bay is an ice-filled bay about 25 nautical miles (46 km) long in the southwest part of the Jelbart Ice Shelf along the coast of Queen Maud Land, Antarctica. It was mapped by Norwegian cartographers from surveys and air photos by Norwegian–British–Swedish Antarctic Expedition (1949–52) and named "Glasiologbukta".
Handel Ice Piedmont is a large ice piedmont lying north and west of the Colbert Mountains, between Haydn Inlet and Schubert Inlet on the west-central coast of Alexander Island, Antarctica. Apparently first seen from the air by the United States Antarctic Service in 1940 but not separately mapped, it was first mapped from air photos taken by the Ronne Antarctic Research Expedition, 1947–48, by Searle of the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey in 1960. The feature was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee for George Frideric Handel, the German composer.
Haydn Inlet is an ice-filled inlet indenting the west coast of Alexander Island, Antarctica, lying between Mozart Ice Piedmont and Handel Ice Piedmont. Schubert Inlet lies to the south and the Lassus Mountains are immediately north. Haydn Inlet is 27 nautical miles (50 km) long and 12 nautical miles (22 km) wide at the mouth, narrowing toward the head. It was first seen from the air and roughly mapped by the United States Antarctic Service, 1939–41. It was resighted from the air and photographed by the Ronne Antarctic Research Expedition, 1947–48, and remapped from these photos by D. Searle of the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey in 1960. The inlet was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee for Joseph Haydn, the Austrian composer.
Senouque Spurs is a group of spurs rising to about 1,250 m and extending northwest from the Rouen Mountains to the Bongrain Ice Piedmont. Photographed from the air by the Ronne Antarctic Research Expedition in 1947, roughly mapped from air photographs by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey in 1959, and surveyed by the British Antarctic Survey in 1975-76. The feature was named by United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee in 1980 after A. Senouque, magnetician and photographer on FAE, 1908–10, in association with other FAE names in this area.
Seller Glacier is a well-defined glacier, 20 nautical miles (37 km) long and 4 nautical miles (7 km) wide flowing westward into Forster Ice Piedmont, western Antarctic Peninsula, just north of Flinders Peak. Roughly surveyed by British Graham Land Expedition (BGLE), 1936–37, and resurveyed by Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS) in December 1958.
The Kelvin Crests are a line of steep-sided elevations with ice-covered cliffs 5 nautical miles (9 km) long, on the north side of Airy Glacier near its junction with Forster Ice Piedmont on the west side of the Antarctic Peninsula. Roughly surveyed by the British Graham Land Expedition in 1936–37, they were photographed from the air by the Ronne Antarctic Research Expedition in 1947. They were surveyed from the ground, from the southwest only, by members of the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey, December 1958, and completely mapped by the United States Geological Survey, 1974. The feature was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee for William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin, a British physicist and engineer who made substantial improvements in the design of magnetic compasses, 1873–78, and invented the Thomson sounding machine in 1878.
Roberts Ice Piedmont is a large ice piedmont, 20 nautical miles (37 km) long in a north-south direction and 15 nautical miles (28 km) wide, lying to the north and northwest of Mount Calais and occupying most of the northeast corner of Alexander Island, Antarctica. It was first seen from a distance and roughly surveyed by the French Antarctic Expedition, 1908–10, under Charcot. It was photographed from the air by the British Graham Land Expedition (BGLE) on August 15, 1936, and roughly mapped from these photos. It was then named by the United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) in 1955 after Brian B. Roberts (1912–78), a British ornithologist, polar specialist and leading figure in the development of Antarctic nomenclature; ornithologist, BGLE, 1934–37; Secretary, United Kingdom Antarctic Place-names Committee, 1945-74. About six nunataks are situated within the Roberts Ice Piedmont, these are Hengist Nunatak and the Horsa Nunataks. Both of these features are named after Saxon kings of England in the fifth century; however, they have no association or relation with Brian B. Roberts and the Roberts Ice Piedmont itself.
The United States Geological Survey is a scientific agency of the United States government. The scientists of the USGS study the landscape of the United States, its natural resources, and the natural hazards that threaten it. The organization has four major science disciplines, concerning biology, geography, geology, and hydrology. The USGS is a fact-finding research organization with no regulatory responsibility.
The Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) is a database that contains name and locative information about more than two million physical and cultural features located throughout the United States of America and its territories. It is a type of gazetteer. GNIS was developed by the United States Geological Survey in cooperation with the United States Board on Geographic Names (BGN) to promote the standardization of feature names.
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