Frederick William IV, the eldest son and successor of Frederick William III of Prussia, was king of Prussia from 7 June 1840 until his death on 2 January 1861. Also referred to as the "romanticist on the throne", he was deeply religious and believed that he ruled by divine right. He feared revolutions, and his ideal state was one governed by the Christian estates of the realm rather than a constitutional monarchy.
The Order of the Black Eagle was the highest order of chivalry in the Kingdom of Prussia. The order was founded on 17 January 1701 by Elector Friedrich III of Brandenburg. In his Dutch exile after World War I, deposed Emperor Wilhelm II continued to award the order to his family. He made his second wife, Princess Hermine Reuss of Greiz, a Lady in the Order of the Black Eagle.
The 1850 Constitution of Prussia was an amended version of the 1848 Constitution. Unlike the earlier version that King Frederick William IV had unilaterally imposed on the Kingdom of Prussia on 5 December 1848, the 1850 revision was a cooperative effort between the new Prussian Parliament, the King and his ministers. The changes they made to the 1848 Constitution were mostly relatively minor. The king remained in a position of dominance over the three branches of government, and Parliament had no control over the military, but liberal elements such as the catalogue of fundamental rights, the introduction of jury courts and certain limitations on the monarch's power remained in place.
Adolf Heinrich Graf von Arnim-Boitzenburg was a German statesman. He served as the first Minister-President of Prussia for ten days during the Revolution of 1848.
Friedrich Wilhelm, Count of Brandenburg was a morganatic son of King Frederick William II and politician, who served as Minister President of Prussia from 1848 until his death.
Heinrich Friedrich Graf von Arnim-Heinrichsdorff-Werbelow was a Prussian statesman.
Karl Adolf von Strotha was a Prussian officer and Minister of War from 1848 to 1850.
The equestrian statue of Frederick the Great on Unter den Linden avenue in Berlin's Mitte district commemorates King Frederick II of Prussia. Created from 1839 to 1851 by Christian Daniel Rauch, it is a masterpiece of the Berlin school of sculpture, marking the transition from neoclassicism to realism. The bronze statue shows "The Old Fritz" dressed in military uniform, ermine coat and tricorne hat on horseback above the leading generals, statesmen, artists and scientist of his time. Walled in during World War II, it was disassembled by East Germany in 1950, reassembled in Sanssouci Park in 1963, and returned to its original location in 1980.
Autumn Crisis or November Crisis is the name given to a political-military conflict in Germany in 1850. In this conflict, the ultra-conservative Austrian Empire led those German states that wanted to restore the German Confederation after the revolution of 1848-1849, while Prussia wanted to create a new federal-state. This almost led to war in Germany, which was finally avoided by Prussia's backing down.
Friedrich Wilhelm von Arnim-Boitzenburg was a Prussian civil servant and Minister of War.
Friedrich Abraham Wilhelm von Arnim-Boitzenburg, was a Prussian politician and diplomat who served as Envoy to Saxony and Denmark).
Karl Friedrich Heinrich, Graf von der Goltz was a Prussian Generalleutnant and diplomat.
Albert Alexander, Graf von Pourtalès, was a Prussian diplomat and leading representative of the Wochenblatt Party.
The Arnim-Boitzenburg Cabinet formed the Prussian State Ministry appointed by King Frederick William IV from March 18 to 29, 1848. The office of Prussian Prime Minister was newly created. The establishment of this liberal-conservative government was the King's attempt to meet the challenges of the March Revolution through slight reforms, which failed after just eleven days.
The Pfuel Cabinet formed the Prussian State Ministry appointed by King Frederick William IV from September 21 to November 1, 1848. The cabinet represented the last attempt to bring about a constitutional agreement between the crown and the Prussian National Assembly. After the government resigned, the ministers continued in their positions until the Brandenburg cabinet was formed on November 8, 1848.
The Ladenberg Cabinet formed the Prussian State Ministry appointed by King Frederick William IV from November 9, 1850, to December 4, 1850, after the death of Friedrich Wilhelm Brandenburg.
The Manteuffel Cabinet formed the Prussian State Ministry appointed by King Frederick William IV from December 4, 1850, to November 6, 1858. The cabinet's term of office was characterized by the "New Era".
The Hohenzollern Cabinet formed the Prussian State Ministry appointed by Prince Regent Wilhelm I from November 6, 1858, to March 11, 1862.
The Bismarck-Roon Cabinet formed the Prussian State Ministry appointed by King William I, and his successors Frederick III, and William II, from September 23, 1862, to March 30, 1890.
