Native American gaming comprises casinos,bingo halls,slots halls and other gambling operations on Indian reservations or other tribal lands in the United States. Because these areas have tribal sovereignty,states have limited ability to forbid gambling there,as codified by the Indian Gaming Regulatory Act of 1988. As of 2011,there were 460 gambling operations run by 240 tribes,with a total annual revenue of $27 billion.
Skagit County is a county in the U.S. state of Washington. As of the 2020 census,the population was 129,523. The county seat and largest city is Mount Vernon. The county was formed in 1883 from Whatcom County and is named for the Skagit Indian tribe,which has been indigenous to the area prior to European-American settlement.
La Conner is a town in Skagit County,Washington,United States with a population of 965 at the 2020 census. It is included in the Mount Vernon–Anacortes,Washington Metropolitan Statistical Area. The town hosts several events as part of the annual Skagit Valley Tulip Festival held in April.
The Swinomishpeople are a Lushootseed-speaking people Indigenous to western Washington state.
The Standing Rock Reservation lies across the border between North and South Dakota in the United States,and is inhabited by ethnic "Hunkpapa and Sihasapa bands of Lakota Oyate and the Ihunktuwona and Pabaksa bands of the Dakota Oyate," as well as the Hunkpatina Dakota. The Ihanktonwana Dakota are the Upper Yanktonai,part of the collective of Wiciyena. The sixth-largest Native American reservation in land area in the US,Standing Rock includes all of Sioux County,North Dakota,and all of Corson County,South Dakota,plus slivers of northern Dewey and Ziebach counties in South Dakota,along their northern county lines at Highway 20.
The Treaty of Point Elliott of 1855,or the Point Elliott Treaty,—also known as the Treaty of Point Elliot / Point Elliot Treaty—is the lands settlement treaty between the United States government and the Native American tribes of the greater Puget Sound region in the recently formed Washington Territory,one of about thirteen treaties between the U.S. and Native Nations in what is now Washington. The treaty was signed on January 22,1855,at Muckl-te-oh or Point Elliott,now Mukilteo,Washington,and ratified 8 March and 11 April 1859. Between the signing of the treaty and the ratification,fighting continued throughout the region. Lands were being occupied by European-Americans since settlement in what became Washington Territory began in earnest from about 1845.
The Intertribal Canoe Journey is a celebrated event of the Indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest Coast. Organizers call it the Canoe Journey or Intertribal Canoe Journey,and colloqually Tribal Journeys. It is also referred to by its destination,i.e. Paddle to Muckleshoot.
The Lower Skagit are a tribe of the Lushootseed Native American people living in the U.S. state of Washington. Today they are enrolled in the federally recognized tribe,the Swinomish Indians of the Swinomish Reservation.
Roberto Antonio Lange is the Chief United States district judge of the United States District Court for the District of South Dakota.
The Samish Indian Nation is a federally-recognized tribe of Samish people located in Skagit County,Washington. The Samish Indian Nation is a signatory to the Treaty of Point Elliott of 1855 and has a government-to-government relationship with the United States of America. The Samish are a Northern Straits branch of Central Coast Salish peoples. The Samish Nation is headquartered in Anacortes,Fidalgo Island,in Washington,north of Puget Sound.
The Swinomish Indian Tribal Community,also known as the Swinomish Tribe,is a federally recognized tribe located on Puget Sound in Washington state. Swinomish is a legal successor to signatories of the 1855 Treaty of Point Elliott. Its Reservation is located 65 miles North of Seattle,Washington on Fidalgo Island.The tribe's population is primarily composed of Swinomish,Lower Skagit,Kikiallus,and Samish peoples and their descendants. Other populations on the reservation include the Suquamish and Upper Skagit.
The Swinomish Indian Reservation is the reservation of the Swinomish Indian Tribal Community,located on Fidalgo Island in western Washington state. The western boundary of the reservation is disputed between the Swinomish Tribe and the United States government. De facto,the reservation is around 15 square miles in size. It comprises a substantial portion of the eastern portion of Fidalgo Island. The total reservation population in 2000 was 2,664.
The United States public policy agenda on issues affecting Native Americans under the Obama administration includes the signing of the Tribal Law and Order Act of 2010,which allowed tribal courts to extend and expand sentences handed down to them in criminal cases,strengthening tribal autonomy. Obama also supported and enforced the Executive Order 13175,which requires the federal government to consult with tribal governments when deliberating over policies and programs that would affect tribal communities. Under the Obama Administration was also the launching of Michelle Obama's program Let's Move In Indian Country,which aims to improve opportunities for physical activity,to increase access to healthy food in tribal communities,and to create collaborations between private and public sectors to build programs that will end childhood obesity in Native communities. Obama also supported tribal communities through certain provisions of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009,which allocated $510 million for rehabilitation of Native American housing,and the settlement of the Keepseagle case,a lawsuit against the United States Department of Agriculture for discriminating against tribal communities by not allowing them equal access to the USDA Farm Loan Program. Most recently,Obama signed Executive Order 13592,which seeks to improve educational opportunities for American Indian and Alaska Natives. Obama has been praised by many tribal leaders,including those who claim he has done more for Native Americans than all of his predecessors combined.
The Dakota Access Pipeline Protests,also known by the hashtag #NoDAPL,were a series of grassroots Native American protests against the construction of the Dakota Access Pipeline in the northern United States that began in April 2016. Protests ended on February 23,2017 when National Guard and law enforcement officers evicted the last remaining protesters.
David Archambault II is a Sioux politician who served as tribal chairman of the Standing Rock Indian Reservation in North Dakota from 2013 to 2017. He was instrumental in the Dakota Access Pipeline protests and continues to work to promote an understanding of the historical treaty rights and indigenous rights of Native American people. Archambault holds degrees in Business Administration and Management. In 2017 he joined FirstNation HealthCare as its chief consulting officer.
Chuck Cadotte is an American powwow dancer and powwow dance-style teacher. As an enrolled member of the Dakota Standing Rock Sioux Tribe,Chuck is dedicated to supporting Indians in connecting to their cultural roots through teaching traditional Native American dances through the Soaring Eagles dance group,giving traditional blessings and participating in rallies that support Native American land rights and sovereignty.
Deborah Parker,also known by her native name cicayalc̓aʔ,is an activist and Indigenous leader in the United States. A member of the Tulalip Tribes of Washington,she served as its vice-chairwoman from 2012 to 2015 and is,as of July 2018,a board member for Our Revolution and the National Indigenous Women's Resource Center. She is also a co-founder of Indigenous Women Rise.
Katherine Paul is a Swinomish/Iñupiaq singer-songwriter and multi-instrumentalist based in Portland,Oregon. Her music is influenced by post-rock,alternative rock,and Native American traditional music. She has released an EP and three albums under the moniker Black Belt Eagle Scout. Her self-titled EP as Black Belt Eagle Scout was released in June 2014. Her debut studio album,Mother of My Children,was first released by Portland tape label Good Cheer Records in 2017,then re-released in September 2018 by Saddle Creek Records. On April 26,2019,Saddle Creek released a Black Belt Eagle Scout single titled "Loss &Relax" on a seven-inch vinyl backed with the B-side "Half Colored Hair".
Harold C. Frazier is an American politician and tribal leader who is the former Chairman of the Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe,serving in that position since 2014. A member of the Democratic Party,Frazier serves concurrently as the Chairman of the Great Plains Tribal Chairmen’s Association,a position he was elected to in 2018.
The Dakota Access Pipeline (DAPL) or Bakken pipeline is a 1,172-mile-long (1,886 km) underground pipeline in the United States that has the ability to transport up to 750,000 barrels of light sweet crude oil per day. It begins in the shale oil fields of the Bakken Formation in northwest North Dakota and continues through South Dakota and Iowa to an oil terminal near Patoka,Illinois. Together with the Energy Transfer Crude Oil Pipeline from Patoka to Nederland,Texas,it forms the Bakken system. The pipeline transports 40 percent of the oil produced in the Bakken region.
