Brian Morris (biologist)

Last updated

Brian J. Morris
Born (1950-07-14) 14 July 1950 (age 75)
Adelaide, Australia
NationalityAustralian
Alma mater University of Adelaide, Monash University, University of Melbourne
Known forWork on the renin-angiotensin system, hypertension, circumcision
Awards Royal Society of New South Wales' Edgeworth David Medal (1985)
Scientific career
Fields Molecular biology, molecular genetics
Institutions University of Sydney
Thesis The renin-angiotensin system in kidney cells  (1975)

Brian James Morris is an Australian molecular biologist and medical researcher known for his work in the fields of hypertension, molecular genetics, and the development of medical technologies. [1] He is a Professor Emeritus at the University of Sydney and has had a distinguished career in academic research, teaching, and clinical innovations. [2] His work has led to contributions to medical science, including the invention of the first polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test for viral detection, which he patented and applied to human papillomavirus (HPV) screening for cervical cancer prevention. [3] As well, his strong advocacy for, and extensive publications on, the health benefits of male circumcision. [4]

Contents

Education

Morris grew up in Adelaide, South Australia, where he graduated from the University of Adelaide in 1972. He then completed his PhD at Monash University and the University of Melbourne in 1975. From 1975–1978 he did postdoctoral research at the University of Missouri, and the University of California, San Francisco, first as a CJ Martin fellow, and then as an Advanced Fellow of the American Heart Association.

Career

Morris was appointed as a lecturer at the University of Sydney in 1978 and advanced through the academic ranks, becoming a Professor of Molecular Medical Sciences in 1999. [5] In 2013, he was appointed Professor Emeritus at the University of Sydney. [6] He has also served in various leadership roles within the university, including mentoring postgraduate students and overseeing research projects. [7] He retired, with appointment to Professor Emeritus taking effect in January, 2014. [8] In 2017, Morris starred as a prominent figure in the documentary film, American Circumcision sharing his views on male circumcision and female genital mutilation.

Research

Morris is best known for his invention of the first PCR-based test for viral detection that has had a profound impact on viral testing.

His work in this area led to the development of a more accurate and effective method for identifying human papillomavirus (HPV) infections, which are known to cause most cervical cancers. [9] His work, patented in the late 1980s, was later incorporated into national screening programs globally, including the Australian National Cervical Screening Program, which transitioned to HPV testing in 2017. [10]

Morris has made contributions to the understanding of molecular genetics and its application in medicine. [11] His research has focused on hypertension, molecular biology, genetics, and cancer prevention, with a particular emphasis on cardiovascular health and the molecular mechanisms underlying disease. [12]

Morris studied the Renin–angiotensin system (RAS) for most of his career. His interest in the RAS began during his undergraduate studies, when he worked for a while in the laboratory where Eugenie Lumbers had just found early clues to the existence of prorenin (the protein precursor of renin) during her PhD work. He remained interested in the field, and had the good fortune to move to the University of California, San Francisco in the mid-1970s, a centre for the development of the tools of biotechnology and molecular cloning. He joined others in applying those tools to RAS, and was among the pioneers is isolating the gene for renin itself, along with the prorenin and kallikrein genes, and the cardiac myosin heavy chain gene. [6] [13]

He and his team were among first to elucidate the biosynthetic pathway of renin, as well as key molecular mechanisms in renin's transcriptional and posttranscriptional control. [6] Taking that work further, he helped pioneer the field of genetic variation in hypertension. [6]

Morris has been active in the public debate around circumcision. [5] He has described medical organisations, such as the Royal Australasian College of Surgeons, who are not in favour of routine non-therapeutic circumcision, as like anti-vaccination advocates. [14] [15] He has, however, also remarked that parents should "weigh up all of the pros and cons for themselves and make their own best decision". [16]

In the 2000s, he began to study the genetics of longevity, including the roles of FOXO3 and the sirtuins. [7]

Morris has been a principal investigator and co-investigator on numerous research grants, including a significant US$15 million NIH Centre of Excellence grant for which he has led publication output since 2012. Morris has been a frequent contributor to national and international media on issues related to public health. He has appeared on TV and radio programs, including interviews on Australia's "60 Minutes" [17] and several US television networks. [18]

Awards and honours

He was awarded the Royal Society of New South Wales' Edgeworth David Medal in 1985 [8] and in 1993 the University of Sydney awarded him a DSc. In 2003 he was elected as an Honorary Fellow of the American Heart Association Council for High Blood Pressure Research. In 2010 he gave the Lewis K. Dahl Memorial lecture, an award sponsored by the Council for High Blood Pressure Research in association with the American Heart Association. In 2014 the AHA awarded him the Irvine Page—Alva Bradley Lifetime Achievement Award. [6] He was made a Member of the Order of Australia in the Queens Birthday Honours Awards in 2018. [5] [19] He received The Paul Korner Senior Scientist Award (2023) from the High Blood Pressure Research Council of Australia and Paul Dudley White International Scholar Award (2023) from the American Heart Association's Council on Hypertension.

Selected publications

References

  1. ↑ "Morris, Brian J. (Brian James), 1950-". Library of Congress. Retrieved 23 August 2018.
  2. ↑ "Loop | Professor Brian J Morris talking about the Tam-pap process". www.frontiersin.org. Retrieved 19 March 2025.
  3. ↑ Morris, Brian J.; Rose, Barbara R. (1 May 2007). "Cervical screening in the 21st century: the case for human papillomavirus testing of self-collected specimens" . Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine. 45 (5): 577–591. doi:10.1515/CCLM.2007.127. ISSN   1434-6621. PMID   17484617.
  4. ↑ Mayo Proceedings (2 April 2014). Circumcision Rates in the US: Rising or Falling? . Retrieved 28 April 2025– via YouTube.
  5. 1 2 3 "Professor Emeritus Brian Morris". University of Sydney. Retrieved 22 August 2018.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 Morris, B. J. (10 January 2011). "2010 Dahl Lecture: Renin, Genes, and Beyond: 40 Years of Molecular Discoveries in the Hypertension Field". Hypertension. 57 (3): 538–548. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.110.166967 . PMID   21220705. Open Access logo PLoS transparent.svg
  7. 1 2 Triennial Report 2013-2015 (PDF). Bosch Institute of Medical Research at University of Sydney. 3 November 2016. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 August 2018.
  8. 1 2 "The Edgeworth David Medal". The Royal Society of NSW. 21 August 2015. Retrieved 22 June 2020.
  9. ↑ "Screening for cervical cancer to be revolutionised with HPV testing". The University of Sydney. Retrieved 19 March 2025.
  10. ↑ Nelson, Amanda (28 November 2018). "HPV testing, cervical screening and male circumcision". O&G Magazine. Retrieved 19 March 2025.
  11. ↑ "About the Author Professor Brian J. Morris www.circinfo.net". www.circinfo.net. Retrieved 19 March 2025.
  12. ↑ "Brian J. Morris". The Conversation. 21 April 2011. Retrieved 19 March 2025.
  13. ↑ Metherell, Mark (31 October 2011). "Thriving under pressure: scientist unlocks mysteries of hypertension". The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 6 February 2015.
  14. ↑ Collier, R. (28 November 2011). "Ugly, messy and nasty debate surrounds circumcision". Canadian Medical Association Journal. 184 (1): E25 –E26. doi:10.1503/cmaj.109-4017. PMC   3255195 . PMID   22125336.
  15. ↑ Zadrozny, Brandy (2 April 2014). "New Study Says Benefits of Circumcision Outweigh Risks 100 to 1". The Daily Beast. Retrieved 31 March 2015.
  16. ↑ "MEDICAL BENEFITS FROM CIRCUMCISION". 14 October 2002. Archived from the original on 14 October 2002. Retrieved 19 June 2020.
  17. ↑ 60 Minutes Australia (3 March 2013). EXTRA MINUTES | FOR AND AGAINST | THE CASE 'FOR' CIRCUMCISION: PROFESSOR BRIAN MORRIS . Retrieved 27 May 2025– via YouTube.{{cite AV media}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  18. ↑ "Staff Profile". The University of Sydney. Retrieved 19 March 2025.
  19. ↑ "2018 Queen's Birthday Honours List" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 February 2020.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.