A bungalow court is a style of small housing development which features several small, usually detached houses arranged around a central garden or yard. The bungalow court was created in Pasadena, California, in 1909 and was the predominant form of multi-family housing in Southern California from the 1910s through the 1930s. Homes in bungalow courts were generally small, low-rise (often 1 or 1.5 story) houses in the spirit of bungalow design; however, the homes were designed in a variety of architectural styles, including Swiss chalet and Spanish Colonial Revival. Bungalow courts also integrated their courtyards with the homes, providing green space to homeowners. [1]
Bungalow courts were generally marketed at people who wanted the amenities of a single-family home without its high cost. While each family in a bungalow court had its own house and garden, upkeep and land were shared among the residents. [2]
Bungalow courts were especially popular in Pasadena, the city of their origin. The courts' design prompted the Pasadena City Council to pass regulations requiring all multi-family housing in the city to be centered on a landscaped courtyard. In addition, of the 112 surviving bungalow courts in Pasadena, 43 have a historic designation such as a listing on the National Register of Historic Places. [3] The city is attempting to list the remaining eligible courts due to the design's role in Pasadena history. [4]
The United States has seen renewed interest in bungalow courts with the growing popularity of the missing middle housing concept. [5] [6] The concept focuses on updating zoning codes to permit diverse housing types such as bungalow courts, duplexes, and secondary suites. [7] [5] Many communities throughout the country have responded to this movement by permitting bungalow courts with other diverse housing types. [8] [9] [10]
Pasadena is a city in Los Angeles County, California, United States, 11 miles (18 km) northeast of downtown Los Angeles. It is the most populous city and the primary cultural center of the San Gabriel Valley. Old Pasadena is the city's original commercial district.
California bungalow is an alternative name for the American Craftsman style of residential architecture, when it was applied to small-to-medium-sized homes rather than the large "ultimate bungalow" houses of designers like Greene and Greene. California bungalows became popular in suburban neighborhoods across the United States, and to varying extents elsewhere, from around 1910 to 1939.
American Craftsman is an American domestic architectural style, inspired by the Arts and Crafts movement, which included interior design, landscape design, applied arts, and decorative arts, beginning in the last years of the 19th century. Its immediate ancestors in American architecture are the Shingle style, which began the move away from Victorian ornamentation toward simpler forms, and the Prairie style of Frank Lloyd Wright.
Frederick William Anhalt was a builder and contractor who constructed many distinguished rental apartment buildings in Seattle, Washington in the 1920s and early 1930s. In 1993, the Seattle Chapter of the American Institute of Architects (AIA) awarded Anhalt an honorary membership in recognition of excellence in residential design. In 2001, The Seattle Times listed Anhalt as one of the 150 most influential people in Seattle History His buildings have been referred to as "Castles in Seattle."
Bungalow Heaven is a neighborhood in Pasadena, California, named for the more than 800 small craftsman homes built there from 1900 to 1930, most of which still stand. Much of the area became a landmark district in 1989 and annual historic home tours have been conducted in Bungalow Heaven every year since then.
Normandie Heights is a neighborhood in Pasadena, California. It is bordered by Woodbury Road to the north, Washington Boulevard to the south, Los Robles Avenue to the west, and Lake Avenue to the east. While the exterior of many older homes in Southern California have been coated with stucco, Normandie is distinguished by a high concentration of Craftsman homes with well-maintained wooden exteriors. Accordingly, the City of Pasadena has designated more than 50 homes in the neighborhood as architectural landmarks, many on Rio Grande Street, between Los Robles Avenue and El Molino Avenue, which was the site of the first residences in the neighborhood.
This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in the city of Pasadena, California, United States. The locations of National Register properties and districts for which the latitude and longitude coordinates are included below, may be seen in an online map.
Bowen Court is a bungalow court located at 539 E. Villa St. in Pasadena, Los Angeles County, California. The court includes 23 bungalows arranged in an "L" shape and is one of the largest bungalow courts in southern California. Built from 1910 to 1912, Bowen Court is the oldest bungalow court in Pasadena. The court was designed by Arthur and Alfred Heineman, who planned the court around a Craftsman style courtyard.
Bryan Court is a bungalow court located at 427 S. Marengo Ave. in Pasadena, California. The court includes seven Craftsman-style homes surrounding a central courtyard. The stucco houses are designed to resemble English cottages and have porches and jerkinhead roofs. D. M. Renton built the court in 1916.
Don Carlos Court is a bungalow court located at 374–386 S. Marengo Ave. in Pasadena, California. The court contains seven homes built around a central courtyard and walkway. The homes were designed in the Spanish Colonial Revival style and were all built with stucco facades and tiled gable roofs. The courtyard includes a decorative birdbath and planter. Contractor Clarence Hudson Burrell built the court in 1927.
Colonial Court is a bungalow court located at 291–301 N. Garfield Ave. in Pasadena, California. The court consists of six houses arranged around a narrow courtyard. The houses are designed in the Colonial Revival style and feature clapboard siding and jerkinhead roofs. Built in 1916, the homes were designed by architect Cyril Bennett.
Euclid Court is a bungalow court located at 545 S. Euclid Ave. in Pasadena, California. The court consists of eight residential units in five buildings surrounding a central courtyard. The court was built in 1921; however, one house in the court was built in 1888 and later incorporated into the court's design. The homes were designed by the Postle Company in the Tudor Revival style; their designs feature half-timbered facades, porches with brick walls, and stucco chimneys. Both gable and jerkinhead roofs were used to top the houses.
Cottage Court is a bungalow court located at 642–654 S. Marengo Ave. in Pasadena, California. The court consists of seven houses surrounding a narrow courtyard. The stucco homes were built in 1923 and designed in the Colonial Revival style. The designs feature gable roofs with wide eaves and recessed porches with supporting columns. The courtyard includes a walkway and two light poles.
The Court at 497-503½ North Madison Avenue is a bungalow court located at 497-503½ N. Madison Ave. in Pasadena, California.
The Court at 732–744 Santa Barbara Street is a bungalow court located at 732–744 Santa Barbara St. in Pasadena, California. The original court includes three buildings containing five residential units surrounding a central courtyard. Contractor D. Hoffman built the court in 1922. The homes in the court were designed in the Spanish Colonial Revival style and feature porches with tile roofs atop columns and broken parapets along their roofs. A sixth building at 738 Santa Barbara was added in 1956; this building is not considered part of the historic court.
Las Casitas Court is a bungalow court located at 656 N. Summit Ave. in Pasadena, California. The court, which was built in 1916, consists of ten buildings containing twelve residential units and arranged in two rows; the rows of homes flank a narrow courtyard with two walking paths. The homes in the court were designed in the American Craftsman style, and the court is one of the few surviving Craftsman-styled courts. The first four houses from the street in each row feature gable roofs with wide eaves and porches with shed roofs, while the last two houses have pergolas over their entries. The courtyard includes a torii and decorative boulders.
Marengo Gardens is a bungalow court located at the intersection of South Marengo Avenue and Ohio Street in Pasadena, California. The court, which was built in 1913, consists of nine single-family bungalows; six of the houses are centered on a courtyard, while the remaining three face Marengo Avenue. The homes were designed in the American Craftsman style; each house includes various different features of the style, such as shingle or clapboard siding, shallow-sloped gable roofs, decorative brickwork, and buttressed piers.
Mission Court is a bungalow court located at 567 N. Oakland Ave. in Pasadena, California. The court consists of eight buildings containing fourteen residential units which surround a central courtyard. Built in 1913, the court was designed by architect J. F. Walker. The houses in the court were designed in the Mission Revival style; the court is the oldest Mission Revival bungalow court in Pasadena. The houses' designs feature broken parapets along the roofs and porches with either recessed arch entrances or tiled shed roofs. The courtyard includes two buttressed piers topped by lamps.
Moule & Polyzoides, Architects and Urbanists is an architecture and urban planning firm based out of Pasadena, CA founded in 1990 by partners Elizabeth Moule & Stefanos Polyzoides.
Missing middle housing refers to a lack of medium-density housing in the North American context. The term describes an urban planning phenomenon in Canada, the United States, Australia and more recent developments in industrialized and newly industrializing countries due to zoning regulations favoring social and racial separation and car-dependent suburban sprawl.