Burton in Lonsdale Castle was in the village of Burton in Lonsdale in North Yorkshire, England (grid reference SD649721 ).
The Pipe Rolls for the reign of Henry II record that the castle's garrison in 1129–1130 consisted of a knight, ten sergeants, a gatekeeper, and a watchman. [1]
This was a motte castle with two baileys. In 1322 it was confiscated from the Mowbrays who had been in opposition to King Edward II.
The mound is still visible.
Cardiff Castle is a medieval castle and Victorian Gothic revival mansion located in the city centre of Cardiff, Wales. The original motte and bailey castle was built in the late 11th century by Norman invaders on top of a 3rd-century Roman fort. The castle was commissioned either by William the Conqueror or by Robert Fitzhamon, and formed the heart of the medieval town of Cardiff and the Marcher Lord territory of Glamorgan. In the 12th century the castle began to be rebuilt in stone, probably by Robert of Gloucester, with a shell keep and substantial defensive walls being erected. Further work was conducted by The 6th Earl of Gloucester in the second half of the 13th century. Cardiff Castle was repeatedly involved in the conflicts between the Anglo-Normans and the Welsh, being attacked several times in the 12th century, and stormed in 1404 during the revolt of Owain Glyndŵr.
Westmorland is a historic county in north west England. It formed an administrative county between 1889 and 1974, after which the whole county was administered by the new administrative county of Cumbria. In 2013, the Secretary of State for Communities and Local Government, Eric Pickles, formally recognised and acknowledged the continued existence of England's 39 historic counties, including Westmorland.
A market cross, or in Scots, a mercat cross, is a structure used to mark a market square in market towns, where historically the right to hold a regular market or fair was granted by the monarch, a bishop or a baron. Market crosses were originally from the distinctive tradition in Early Medieval Insular art of free-standing stone standing or high crosses, often elaborately carved, which goes back to the 7th century. Market crosses can be found in most market towns in Britain. British emigrants often installed such crosses in their new cities, and several can be found in Canada and Australia.
A motte and bailey castle is a fortification with a wooden or stone keep situated on a raised area of ground called a motte, accompanied by an enclosed courtyard, or bailey, surrounded by a protective ditch and palisade. Relatively easy to build with unskilled labour, but still militarily formidable, these castles were built across northern Europe from the 10th century onwards, spreading from Normandy and Anjou in France, into the Holy Roman Empire in the 11th century. The Normans introduced the design into England and Wales following their invasion in 1066. Motte-and-bailey castles were adopted in Scotland, Ireland, the Low Countries and Denmark in the 12th and 13th centuries. Windsor Castle, in England, is an example of a motte-and-bailey castle. By the end of the 13th century, the design was largely superseded by alternative forms of fortification, but the earthworks remain a prominent feature in many countries.
The Lonsdale Hundred is an historic hundred of Lancashire, England. Although named after the dale or valley of the River Lune, which runs through the city of Lancaster, for centuries it covered most of the northwestern part of Lancashire around Morecambe Bay, including the detached part around Furness. Ironically, only the detached part of North Lonsdale still remains partly within a British parliamentary constituency under the name of Lonsdale. It is part of the Westmorland and Lonsdale constituency.
A keep is a type of fortified tower built within castles during the Middle Ages by European nobility. Scholars have debated the scope of the word keep, but usually consider it to refer to large towers in castles that were fortified residences, used as a refuge of last resort should the rest of the castle fall to an adversary. The first keeps were made of timber and formed a key part of the Motte-and-Bailey castles that emerged in Normandy and Anjou during the 10th century; the design spread to England as a result of the Norman invasion of 1066, and in turn spread into Wales during the second half of the 11th century and into Ireland in the 1170s. The Anglo-Normans and French rulers began to build stone keeps during the 10th and 11th centuries; these included Norman keeps, with a square or rectangular design, and circular shell keeps. Stone keeps carried considerable political as well as military importance and could take up to a decade or more to build.
Westmorland and Lonsdale is a constituency in the south of Cumbria.
Sycharth is a motte and bailey castle and town in Llansilin, Powys, Wales. Until 1996 Sycharth was in the historic county of Denbighshire, but was then transferred to the Shire area of Montgomeryshire within Powys. Sycharth Castle was the birthplace of Owain Glyndŵr.
Burton in Lonsdale is a village and civil parish in the Craven district of North Yorkshire, England, close to the border with Lancashire. It is in Lonsdale. According to the 2001 census it had a population of 621 decreasing to 579 at the 2011 Census. The parish is approximately 1,500 acres (6 km²) in area and has many farms – dairy, beef and sheep. Little is grown, except grass to feed the animals.
Okehampton Castle is a medieval motte and bailey castle in Devon, England. It was built between 1068 and 1086 by Baldwin FitzGilbert following a revolt in Devon against Norman rule, and formed the centre of the Honour of Okehampton, guarding a crossing point across the West Okement River. It continued in use as a fortification until the late 13th century, when its owners, the de Courtenays, became the Earls of Devon. With their new wealth, they redeveloped the castle as a luxurious hunting lodge, building a new deer park that stretched out south from the castle, and constructing fashionable lodgings that exploited the views across the landscape. The de Courtenays prospered and the castle was further expanded to accommodate their growing household.
Benington Castle is a ruined castle in the village of Benington, near Stevenage in Hertfordshire, England at grid reference TL296236. It has been protected since 1936 as a scheduled ancient monument.
Buttercrambe Castle was in the village of Buttercrambe in North Yorkshire, England.
Castle Combe Castle stood to the north of the village of Castle Combe, Wiltshire, England.
Driffield Castle is located in the town of Driffield, approximately 12 miles (19 km) north of Beverley, East Riding of Yorkshire, England.
Egremont Castle is located in the town of Egremont, Cumbria.
Ellesmere Castle was in the town of Ellesmere, Shropshire..
The medieval Knepp Castle is to the west of the village of West Grinstead, West Sussex, England near the River Adur and the A24. The name is thought to come from the Old English word "cnæp", referring to the mound on which it stands.
A shell keep is a style of medieval fortification, best described as a stone structure circling the top of a motte.
Farnham Castle is a 12th century castle in Farnham, Surrey, England, formerly the residence of the Bishops of Winchester..
Brocavum is the Latin name of a Roman fort at Brougham near Penrith, Cumbria. The fort survives as earthworks, but no excavation of these has been carried out so far.
Coordinates: 54°08′37″N2°32′20″W / 54.14352°N 2.53881°W
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Also See: Castles in England | |
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