Butane (data page)

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This page provides supplementary chemical data on n-butane.

Contents

Material Safety Data Sheet

The handling of this chemical may incur notable safety precautions. It is highly recommended to seek the Material Safety Datasheet (MSDS) for this chemical from a reliable source such as eChemPortal, and follow its directions.

Structure and properties

Structure and properties
Index of refraction, nD1.3326 at 20 °C [1]
Dielectric constant, εr1.7697 ε0 at 23 °C [2]
Symmetry group C2h
Magnetic susceptibility ?
Surface tension 12.46 dyn/cm at 20 °C
  P ≈ 225 kPa

Thermodynamic properties

Phase behavior
Density (liquid) 0 °C600 kg/m³
Density (saturated vapor) 1 atm, -0.5 °C2.6 kg/m³
Triple point 134.6 K (–138.5 °C), 0.7 Pa
Critical point 425.1 K (152.0 °C), 3796.0 kPa
Std enthalpy change
of fusion, ΔfusHo		4.66 kJ/mol
Std entropy change
of fusion, ΔfusSo		34.56 J/(mol·K)
Std enthalpy change
of vaporization, ΔvapHo		22.44 kJ/mol
Std entropy change
of vaporization, ΔvapSo		82.30 J/(mol·K)
Solid properties
Std enthalpy change
of formation, ΔfHosolid		? kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy,
Sosolid		? J/(mol K)
Heat capacity, cp? J/(mol K)
Liquid properties
Std enthalpy change
of formation, ΔfHoliquid		-147.6 kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy,
Soliquid		229.7 J/(mol K)
Heat capacity, cp132.42 J/(mol K) –262 °C to –3 °C
Gas properties
Std enthalpy change
of formation, ΔfHogas		–124.7 kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy,
Sogas		310.23 J/(mol K)
Enthalpy of combustion, ΔcHo–2877.5 kJ/mol
Heat capacity, cp98.49 J/(mol K) at 25 °C
n-butane
van der Waals' constants [3] 		a = 1466.2 L2 kPa/mol2
b = 0.1226 liter per mole
The data about butane density over a range of temperature [-50; +50] degC Propane butane liquid vapor density zivenko.png
The data about butane density over a range of temperature [−50; +50] °C

Vapor pressure of liquid

P in mm Hg11040100400760152038007600152003040045600
T in °C–101.5–77.8–59.1–44.2–16.3–0.518.850.079.5116.0 — —

n-Butane: Table data obtained from CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 44th ed.

Vapor pressure of n-butane. From formula: log 10 P m m H g = 6.83029 - 945.90 240.0 + T {\displaystyle \scriptstyle \log _{10}P_{mmHg}=6.83029-{\frac {945.90}{240.0+T}}} obtained from Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 10th ed. LogNbutaneVaporPresure.png
Vapor pressure of n-butane. From formula: obtained from Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 10th ed.

Spectral data

UV-Vis
λmax ? nm
Extinction coefficient, ε?
IR
Major absorption bands? cm−1
NMR
Proton NMR  
Carbon-13 NMR  
Other NMR data 
MS
Masses of
main fragments		 

References

  1. ↑ CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 85th ed, pp 202
  2. ↑ CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 85th ed, pp 1148
  3. ↑ Lange's Handbook of Chemistry 10th ed, pp. 1522–1524
  4. ↑ Zivenko, Oleksiy (2019). "LPG Accounting Specificity During ITS Storage and Transportation". Measuring Equipment and Metrology. 80 (3): 21–27. doi: 10.23939/istcmtm2019.03.021 . ISSN   0368-6418. S2CID   211776025.
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