Canadian Cavalry Brigade

Last updated
Canadian Cavalry Brigade
Cdn Cavalry Bde.JPG
Logo of the Canadian Cavalry Brigade as painted in Currie Hall, Royal Military College, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
Active1914–1918
Country Canada
Branch Canadian Expeditionary Force
Type Cavalry
Size1 artillery and 3 cavalry regiments
Part of 5th Cavalry Division
Engagements Battle of Festubert; Battle of the Somme; Battle of Cambrai (1917), Battle of Amiens; Second Battle of the Somme (1918); Battle of Cambrai (1918); Hundred Days Offensive
Commanders
Notable
commanders
J.E.B. Seely

The Canadian Cavalry Brigade was raised in December 1914, under its first commanding officer Brigadier-General J.E.B. Seely. It was originally composed of two Canadian and one British regiments and an attached artillery battery. The Canadian units were the Royal Canadian Dragoons, Lord Strathcona's Horse (Royal Canadians) and the Royal Canadian Horse Artillery battery. The British regiment was the 2nd King Edward's Horse (The King's Overseas Dominions Regiment). 2KEH was replaced by The Fort Garry Horse in February 1916.

Contents

History

The brigade's units arrived in England in 1914, then left as a dismounted formation for France in April 1915. The brigade arrived in France during the Battle of Festubert and then served in the trenches during the Battle of Givenchy. The brigade remained serving as infantry until the end of January 1916, when it was re-formed as a cavalry force. It became part of the 2nd Indian Cavalry Division (later 5th Cavalry Division) in the British Cavalry Corps. [1]

It was held in reserve during the Battle of the Somme, its first mounted operation being during the German retreat to the Hindenberg Line. In the final days of the war the brigade, finally able to get into open ground, cleared nine French villages, captured around 400 enemy, with several artillery pieces and about 100 machine guns. [1]

The painter Alfred Munnings was assigned as a war artist to the brigade and produced numerous paintings of the unit's men and horses. [2]

Formation

Commanders
Brigadier-General J.E.B Seely: December 1914 May 1918
Brigadier-General R.W. Paterson: from May 1918
Units
Royal Canadian Dragoons
Lord Strathcona's Horse (Royal Canadians)
2nd King Edward's Horse (The King's Overseas Dominions Regiment) later replaced by
The Fort Garry Horse
Royal Canadian Horse Artillery [1]

Notable members

Related Research Articles

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The Fort Garry Horse Military unit

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1st Cavalry Division (United Kingdom) Regular Division of the British Army

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Northumberland Hussars Military unit

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2nd Cavalry Division (United Kingdom) Military unit

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3rd Cavalry Division (United Kingdom) Dvision of the British Army in the First World War

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The 1st Indian Cavalry Division was a division of the British Indian Army which was formed at the outbreak of the First World War. It served on the Western Front, and was renamed the 4th Cavalry Division on 26 November 1916. In March 1918, the 4th Cavalry Division was disbanded; the British units remained in France and the Indian units were sent to Egypt to help form the 1st Mounted Division.

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Affair of Néry Skirmish fought on 1 September 1914 between the British Army and the German Army

The Affair of Néry was a skirmish fought on 1 September 1914 between the British Army and the German Army, part of the Great Retreat from Mons during the early stages of the First World War. A British cavalry brigade preparing to leave their overnight bivouac were attacked by a German cavalry division of about twice their strength, shortly after dawn. Both sides fought dismounted; the British artillery was mostly put out of action in the first few minutes but a gun of L Battery, Royal Horse Artillery kept up a steady fire for two and a half hours, against a full battery of German artillery. British reinforcements arrived at around 8:00 a.m., counter-attacked the Germans and forced them to retreat; the German division was routed and did not return to combat for several days. Three men of L Battery were awarded the Victoria Cross for their part in the battle, the battery was later awarded the honour title of "Néry", the only British Army unit to have this as a battle honour.

The following units of the British, French and German Empires fought in the First Battle of the Marne from 5–12 September 1914 on the Western Front of World War I.

The 3rd Cavalry Brigade was a cavalry brigade of the British Army. It served in the Napoleonic Wars, in the Boer War, and in the First World War on the Western Front where it was initially assigned to The Cavalry Division before spending most of the war with the 2nd Cavalry Division.

The 1st Cavalry Brigade was a brigade of the British Army. It served in the Napoleonic Wars, the Anglo-Egyptian War, the Boer War and in the First World War when it was assigned to the 1st Cavalry Division.

The 2nd Cavalry Brigade was a brigade of the British Army. It served in the Napoleonic Wars, the Boer War and in the First World War when it was assigned to the 1st Cavalry Division.

The 8th Cavalry Brigade was a cavalry brigade of the British Army in World War I. It was formed in Belgium in 1914 and served on the Western Front as part of the 3rd Cavalry Division. It left the 3rd Cavalry Division on 14 March 1918.

The First World War British Cavalry Corps was formed 9 October 1914.

Indian Cavalry Corps order of battle in the First World War

The Indian Cavalry Corps was formed 18 December 1914.

References

  1. 1 2 3 Bowes, Richard L. (Lt.-Gen., Retd.) (2005). "The Canadian Cavalry Brigade: Waiting For The 'G'" (PDF). Canadian Army Journal. 8 (4): 94–130. Retrieved 2 October 2012.
  2. "Beauty in desolation: Munnings and the First World War". National Army Museum. Retrieved 24 January 2021.