Carl Lavie

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Carl J. "Chip" Lavie is an American cardiologist. He is the medical director of cardiac rehabilitation and preventive cardiology at the John Ochsner Heart and Vascular Institute in New Orleans, Louisiana. [1] He is also a professor at the Ochsner Clinical School of the University of Queensland in Brisbane, Australia, [1] [2] and the editor-in-chief of the medical journal Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases . [3]

Contents

Education

Lavie received his M.D. from the Louisiana State University School of Medicine in 1983. [1] He then completed his residency at Ochsner Medical Institutions and his fellowship in cardiovascular diseases at the Mayo Graduate School of Medicine, becoming a faculty member at the latter institution in 1989. [4]

Research

Lavie has authored two medical textbooks and hundreds of journal articles. [5] He has also conducted research on the health benefits of running. [6] [7] In 2013, Lavie published a study which found that high levels of coffee consumption (four cups a day or more) was associated with a higher risk of mortality. [8] [9]

Obesity paradox

Lavie was one of the first researchers to report evidence of an obesity paradox in a 2002 study on patients with heart failure. [10] In 2009, Lavie and two other researchers published a review of the literature regarding the obesity paradox among heart patients. In this review, Lavie et al. stated that "...numerous studies have documented an obesity paradox in which overweight and obese people with established CV disease...have a better prognosis compared with nonoverweight/nonobese patients." [11] [12] In 2014, Lavie published the book "The Obesity Paradox", in which he argues that being overweight is not a serious risk to one's health and that being fit is more important to one's health than not being overweight or obese. [13]

Personal life

Lavie is also a competitive runner. [4] He is married to Bonnie Lavie, a former sports teacher, with whom he has four children, three of whom were in medical school as of June 2015. [5]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Body mass index</span> Relative weight based on mass and height

Body mass index (BMI) is a value derived from the mass (weight) and height of a person. The BMI is defined as the body mass divided by the square of the body height, and is expressed in units of kg/m2, resulting from mass in kilograms and height in metres.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Coronary artery disease</span> Medical condition

Coronary artery disease (CAD), also called coronary heart disease (CHD), ischemic heart disease (IHD), myocardial ischemia, or simply heart disease, involves the reduction of blood flow to the heart muscle due to build-up of atherosclerotic plaque in the arteries of the heart. It is the most common of the cardiovascular diseases. Types include stable angina, unstable angina, myocardial infarction, and sudden cardiac death. A common symptom is chest pain or discomfort which may travel into the shoulder, arm, back, neck, or jaw. Occasionally it may feel like heartburn. Usually symptoms occur with exercise or emotional stress, last less than a few minutes, and improve with rest. Shortness of breath may also occur and sometimes no symptoms are present. In many cases, the first sign is a heart attack. Other complications include heart failure or an abnormal heartbeat.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Obesity</span> Medical condition in which excess body fat harms health

Obesity is a medical condition, sometimes considered a disease, in which excess body fat has accumulated to such an extent that it may negatively affect health. People are classified as obese when their body mass index (BMI)—a person's weight divided by the square of the person's height—is over 30 kg/m2; the range 25–30 kg/m2 is defined as overweight. Some East Asian countries use lower values to calculate obesity. Obesity is a major cause of disability and is correlated with various diseases and conditions, particularly cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, obstructive sleep apnea, certain types of cancer, and osteoarthritis.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">French paradox</span> Observation that amount heart diseases French people have is much less than is expected

The French paradox is an apparently paradoxical epidemiological observation that French people have a relatively low incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD), while having a diet relatively rich in saturated fats, in apparent contradiction to the widely held belief that the high consumption of such fats is a risk factor for CHD. The paradox is that if the thesis linking saturated fats to CHD is valid, the French ought to have a higher rate of CHD than comparable countries where the per capita consumption of such fats is lower.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Weight loss</span> Reduction of the total body mass

Weight loss, in the context of medicine, health, or physical fitness, refers to a reduction of the total body mass, by a mean loss of fluid, body fat, or lean mass. Weight loss can either occur unintentionally because of malnourishment or an underlying disease, or from a conscious effort to improve an actual or perceived overweight or obese state. "Unexplained" weight loss that is not caused by reduction in calorific intake or exercise is called cachexia and may be a symptom of a serious medical condition.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mediterranean diet</span> Diet inspired by the Mediterranean region

The Mediterranean diet is a diet inspired by the eating habits and traditional food typical of Portugal, southern Spain, southern Italy, Crete and much of the rest of Greece discovered internationally in the early 1960s. This differentiates it from Mediterranean cuisine, which occurs naturally in Mediterranean countries and is inherent to them. While inspired by a specific time and place, the "Mediterranean diet" was later proven and refined based on the results of multiple scientific studies.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cardiovascular disease</span> Class of diseases that involve the heart or blood vessels

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is any disease involving the heart or blood vessels. CVDs constitute a class of diseases that includes: coronary artery diseases, stroke, heart failure, hypertensive heart disease, rheumatic heart disease, cardiomyopathy, abnormal heart rhythms, congenital heart disease, valvular heart disease, carditis, aortic aneurysms, peripheral artery disease, thromboembolic disease, and venous thrombosis.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">American Heart Association</span> American non-profit health organization

The American Heart Association (AHA) is a nonprofit organization in the United States that funds cardiovascular medical research, educates consumers on healthy living and fosters appropriate cardiac care in an effort to reduce disability and deaths caused by cardiovascular disease and stroke. Originally formed in New York City in 1915, it is currently headquartered in Dallas, Texas. The American Heart Association is a national voluntary health agency.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Weight gain</span> Increase in a persons total body mass

Weight gain is an increase in body weight. This can involve an increase in muscle mass, fat deposits, excess fluids such as water or other factors. Weight gain can be a symptom of a serious medical condition.

Bariatrics is the branch of medicine that deals with the causes, prevention, and treatment of obesity.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Healthy diet</span> Type of diet

A healthy diet is a diet that maintains or improves overall health. A healthy diet provides the body with essential nutrition: fluid, macronutrients such as protein, micronutrients such as vitamins, and adequate fibre and food energy.

Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) refers to the ability of the circulatory and respiratory systems to supply oxygen to skeletal muscles during sustained physical activity. Scientists and researchers use CRF to assess the functional capacity of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems. These functions include ventilation, perfusion, gas exchange, vasodilation, and delivery of oxygen to the body's tissues. As these body's functions are vital to an individual's health, CRF allows observers to quantify an individual's morbidity and mortality risk as a function of cardiorespiratory health.

The obesity paradox is the finding in some studies of a lower mortality rate for overweight or obese people within certain subpopulations. The paradox has been observed in people with cardiovascular disease and cancer. Explanations for the paradox range from excess weight being protective to the statistical association being caused by methodological flaws such as confounding, detection bias, reverse causality, or selection bias.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Myocardial infarction</span> Interruption of blood supply to a part of the heart

A myocardial infarction (MI), commonly known as a heart attack, occurs when blood flow decreases or stops in the coronary artery of the heart, causing damage to the heart muscle. The most common symptom is chest pain or discomfort which may travel into the shoulder, arm, back, neck or jaw. Often it occurs in the center or left side of the chest and lasts for more than a few minutes. The discomfort may occasionally feel like heartburn. Other symptoms may include shortness of breath, nausea, feeling faint, a cold sweat or feeling tired. About 30% of people have atypical symptoms. Women more often present without chest pain and instead have neck pain, arm pain or feel tired. Among those over 75 years old, about 5% have had an MI with little or no history of symptoms. An MI may cause heart failure, an irregular heartbeat, cardiogenic shock or cardiac arrest.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Obesity-associated morbidity</span> Medical condition

Obesity is a risk factor for many chronic physical and mental illnesses.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Left atrial enlargement</span> Medical condition

Left atrial enlargement (LAE) or left atrial dilation refers to enlargement of the left atrium (LA) of the heart, and is a form of cardiomegaly.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Classification of obesity</span> Overview of the classification of the condition of obesity

Obesity classification is a ranking of obesity, the medical condition in which excess body fat has accumulated to the extent that it has an adverse effect on health. The World Health Organization (WHO) classifies obesity by body mass index (BMI). BMI is further evaluated in terms of fat distribution via the waist–hip ratio and total cardiovascular risk factors. In children, a healthy weight varies with age and sex, and obesity determination is in relation to a historical normal group.

A person's waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), occasionally written WtHR or called waist-to-stature ratio (WSR), is defined as their waist circumference divided by their height, both measured in the same units. It is used as a predictor of obesity-related cardiovascular disease. The WHtR is a measure of the distribution of body fat. Higher values of WHtR indicate higher risk of obesity-related cardiovascular diseases; it is correlated with abdominal obesity.

This article provides a global overview of the current trends and distribution of metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome refers to a cluster of related risk factors for cardiovascular disease that includes abdominal obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and elevated cholesterol.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Frank Hu</span> Nutrition researcher

Frank B. Hu is a Chinese American nutrition and diabetes researcher. He is Chair of the Department of Nutrition and the Fredrick J. Stare Professor of Nutrition and Epidemiology at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, and Professor of Medicine at the Harvard Medical School.

References

  1. 1 2 3 "Carl Lavie Biography". Archived from the original on 24 March 2016. Retrieved 24 August 2015.
  2. ↑ "Runners live longer than non-runners". University of Queensland. 27 July 2012. Archived from the original on 11 October 2015. Retrieved 25 August 2015.
  3. ↑ "Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases Editorial Board". Elsevier. Retrieved 5 September 2015.
  4. 1 2 "About the Author". Obesityparadox.com. Archived from the original on 23 October 2015. Retrieved 24 August 2015.
  5. 1 2 Siegel-Itzkovich, Judy (21 June 2015). "Fatter but fitter". Jerusalem Post. Retrieved 25 August 2015.
  6. ↑ Bui, Hoai-Tran (28 July 2014). "Running of any length or speed reduces risk of death". USA Today. Retrieved 24 August 2015.
  7. ↑ Carroll, Linda (28 July 2014). "Run for Your Life: 5 Minutes a Day May Be All You Need". NBC News. Retrieved 25 August 2015.
  8. ↑ Liu, Junxiu; Sui, Xuemei; Lavie, Carl J.; Hebert, James R.; Earnest, Conrad P.; Zhang, Jiajia; Blair, Steven N. (October 2013). "Association of Coffee Consumption With All-Cause and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality". Mayo Clinic Proceedings. 88 (10): 1066–1074. doi:10.1016/j.mayocp.2013.06.020. PMC   3835155 . PMID   23953850.
  9. ↑ Bidwell, Allie (15 August 2013). "Heavy Coffee Use Increases Chances of Death". U.S. News & World Report. Retrieved 24 August 2015.
  10. ↑ Brown, Harriet (18 September 2012). "In 'Obesity Paradox,' Thinner May Mean Sicker". New York Times. Retrieved 24 August 2015.
  11. ↑ Lavie, Carl J.; Milani, Richard V.; Ventura, Hector O. (May 2009). "Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease". Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 53 (21): 1925–1932. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2008.12.068 . PMID   19460605.
  12. ↑ WebMD (3 June 2009). "Obese Heart Patients May Live Longer". CBS News. Retrieved 24 August 2015.
  13. ↑ Magee, Anna (23 January 2015). "Could fat actually be fit? Why we need to ditch the dieting myths. Fast". The Telegraph. Retrieved 7 September 2015.
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