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English as a second or foreign language is the use of English by speakers with different native languages. Language education for people learning English may be known as English as a second language (ESL),English as a foreign language (EFL),English as an additional language (EAL),English as a New Language (ENL),or English for speakers of other languages (ESOL). The aspect in which ESL is taught is referred to as teaching English as a foreign language (TEFL),teaching English as a second language (TESL) or teaching English to speakers of other languages (TESOL). Technically,TEFL refers to English language teaching in a country where English is not the official language,TESL refers to teaching English to non-native English speakers in a native English-speaking country and TESOL covers both. In practice,however,each of these terms tends to be used more generically across the full field. TEFL is more widely used in the UK and TESL or TESOL in the US.
Henry George Widdowson is a British linguist and an authority in the field of applied linguistics and language teaching,specifically English language learning and teaching.
Ahmar Mahboob is a Pakistani linguist. Currently he is an associate professor at the Department of Linguistics at the University of Sydney. He has worked in the fields of language policy development,pidgin and creole languages,NNEST studies,English language acquisition,English language teaching and teacher education,World Englishes,pragmatics,and minority languages in South Asia. Ahmar earned his PhD from Indiana University Bloomington in 2003,and has published extensively. He was the co-editor of TESOL Quarterly,alongside Brian Paltridge,for several years. He was also the Associate Editor of Linguistics and the Human Sciences and serves on the editorial boards of a number of journals. Ahmar has organised a number of regional,national,and international conferences and is the convenor and the co-creator of the Free Linguistics Conference.
Kathleen Bardovi-Harlig is an American linguist. She is currently Provost Professor and ESL Coordinator at Indiana University (Bloomington).
Mark Warschauer is a professor in the Department of Education and the Department of Informatics at the University of California,Irvine,director of UCI's Ph.D. in Education program and founding director of UCI's Digital Learning Lab. He is the author or editor of eight books and more than 100 scholarly papers on topics related to technology use for language and literacy development,education,and social inclusion.
Language assessment or language testing is a field of study under the umbrella of applied linguistics. Its main focus is the assessment of first,second or other language in the school,college,or university context;assessment of language use in the workplace;and assessment of language in the immigration,citizenship,and asylum contexts. The assessment may include listening,speaking,reading,writing,an integration of two or more of these skills,or other constructs of language ability. Equal weight may be placed on knowledge and proficiency,or greater weight may be given to one aspect or the other.
A significant construct in language learning research,identity is defined as "how a person understands his or her relationship to the world,how that relationship is structured across time and space,and how the person understands possibilities for the future". Recognizing language as a social practice,identity highlights how language constructs and is constructed by a variety of relationships. Because of the diverse positions from which language learners can participate in social life,identity is theorized as multiple,subject to change,and a site of struggle.
Vivian James Cook was a British linguist who was Emeritus Professor of Applied Linguistics at Newcastle University. He was known for his work on second-language acquisition and second-language teaching,and for writing textbooks and popular books about linguistics. He worked on a number of topics such as bilingualism,EFL,first-language acquisition,second-language teaching,linguistics,and the English writing system. He published more than 20 books and 100 papers. He was founder and first President of the European Second Language Association (EuroSLA),and co-founder of the Oxford University Press journal Writing Systems Research. He died in December 2021,at the age of 81.
Norbert Schmitt is an American applied linguist and Emeritus Professor of Applied Linguistics at the University of Nottingham in the United Kingdom. He is known for his work on second-language vocabulary acquisition and second-language vocabulary teaching. He has published numerous books and papers on vocabulary acquisition.
TESOL Quarterly is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of TESOL International Association. It covers English language teaching and learning,standard English as a second dialect,including articles on the psychology and sociology of language learning and teaching,professional preparation,curriculum development,and testing and evaluation. The editors-in-chief are Charlene Polio and Peter De Costa,both at Michigan State University. TESOL also publishes TESOL Journal.
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to second-language acquisition:
Judit Kormos is a Hungarian-born British linguist. She is a professor and the Director of Studies for the MA TESOL Distance programme at the Department of Linguistics and English Language at Lancaster University,United Kingdom. She is renowned for her work on motivation in second language learning,and self-regulation in second language writing. Her current interest is in dyslexia in second language learning.
Bonny Norton,,is a professor and distinguished university scholar in the Department of Language and Literacy Education,University of British Columbia,Canada. She is also research advisor of the African Storybook and 2006 co-founder of the Africa Research Network on Applied Linguistics and Literacy. She is internationally recognized for her theories of identity and language learning and her construct of investment. A Fellow of the American Educational Research Association (AERA),she was the first recipient in 2010 of the Senior Research Leadership Award of AERA's Second Language Research SIG. In 2016,she was co-recipient of the TESOL Award for Distinguished Research and elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada.
Diane Larsen-Freeman is an American linguist. She is currently a Professor Emerita in Education and in Linguistics at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor,Michigan. An applied linguist,known for her work in second language acquisition,English as a second or foreign language,language teaching methods,teacher education,and English grammar,she is renowned for her work on the complex/dynamic systems approach to second language development.
Charlene Polio is an American linguist. She is currently a professor in the Department of Linguistics,Languages,and Cultures at Michigan State University,The United States. Her research focuses on second language acquisition with a special focus on second language writing.
John M. Levis is an American academic and Angela B. Pavitt Professor in English at Iowa State University.
Scott Andrew Crossley is an American linguist. He is a professor of applied linguistics at the Georgia State University,United States. His research focuses on natural language processing and the application of computational tools and machine learning algorithms in learning analytics including second language acquisition,second language writing,and readability. His main interest area is the development and use of natural language processing tools in assessing writing quality and text difficulty.
Alison Mackey is a linguist who specializes in applied linguistics,second language acquisition and research methodology. She is currently a professor in the Department of Linguistics at Georgetown University. Her research focuses on applied linguistics and research methods.
Jenny Hammond is an Australian linguist. She is known for her research on literacy development,classroom interaction,and socio-cultural and systemic functional theories of language and learning in English as an Additional Language or dialect (EAL/D) education. Over the course of her career,Hammond's research has had a significant impact on the literacy development of first and second language learners,on the role of classroom talk in constructing curriculum knowledge and on policy developments for EAL education in Australia. She is an Honorary Associate Professor in the School of Education,University of Technology Sydney.
Kata Csizér is a Hungarian linguist. She is currently a professor at the School of English and American Studies of the Faculty of Humanities of the Eötvös Loránd University,Hungary. Her research focuses on applied linguistics with a special focus on motivation in second-language learning and teaching students with special needs.
References
- 1 2 "Thursday: Medallion ceremony honoring Carol Chapelle, Angela B. Pavitt Professor in English". Iowa State University. March 20, 2015. Retrieved November 25, 2018.
- ↑ "An Interview with Dr. Carol A. Chapelle". TESOL Quarterly. 5 (1). 2005.
- ↑ "Medallion presented to Chapelle in professorship funded by former LAS faculty member…but a mystery persists". Iowa State University. March 30, 2015. Retrieved November 25, 2018.
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