Carrie N. Baker

Last updated
Carrie N. Baker
EducationEmory University School of Law
Alma materYale University

Carrie N. Baker is an American lawyer, Sylvia Dlugasch Bauman Professor of American Studies, and Chair of the Program for the Study of Women and Gender at Smith College in Northampton, Massachusetts. She teaches courses on gender, law, public policy, and feminist activism and is affiliated with the American Studies program, the archives concentration, and the public policy minor. [1] She co-founded and is a former co-director of the certificate in Reproductive Health, Rights, and Justice Program [2] offered by the Five College Consortium. [1]

Contents

Baker has published four books: The Women's Movement Against Sexual Harassment (Cambridge University Press, 2007), [3] Fighting the US Youth Sex Trade (Cambridge University Press, 2018), [4] and Sexual Harassment Law (Carolina Academic Press, 2020) [5] and Public Feminisms: From Academy to Community, edited with Aviva Dove-Viebahn. Lever Press, 2023. [6]

Baker has a monthly column in the Daily Hampshire Gazette. [7] She also writes for Ms. Magazine [8] and co-chair of the Ms. Committee of Scholars, [9] which connects academic scholarship to feminist public writing. She is a former president and is now on the advisory board of the Abortion Rights Fund of Western Massachusetts. She is a board member of Planned Parenthood Advocacy Fund of Massachusetts.

Education

Baker received a B.A. in Philosophy from Yale University in 1987, [10] a J.D. from Emory University School of Law in 1994, [11] and a M.A. and Ph.D. in Women, Gender, and Sexuality Studies from The Institute of Women's Studies at Emory University in 1994 and 2001 respectively. While in law school, she was editor-in-chief of the Emory Law Journal [1] and, from 1994 to 1996, she served as a law clerk to United States District Court Judge Marvin Herman Shoob in Atlanta, Georgia. [1]

Teaching

Before teaching at Smith College, Baker taught at the Berry College in the department of Sociology and Anthropology. She also chaired the Women's Studies Program.

Awards

Her first book, The Women's Movement Against Sexual Harassment, won the 2008 National Women's Studies Association Sara A. Whaley book prize. [12]

For her teaching, Baker was awarded the 2006 Dave and Lu Garrett Award for Meritorious Teaching at Berry College, [13] the 2018 Student Government Association Annual Teaching Award at Smith College, [14] and the 2020 Sherrerd Teaching Award at Smith College. [15]

Scholarly Articles

Published Scholarly Articles
YearJournalTitle
2020 ADVANCE Journal | National Science Foundation Amplification of Structural Inequalities: Research Sabbaticals During COVID-19 [16]
2020 Feminist Formations | Johns Hopkins University Press Amplifying Our Voices: Feminist Scholars Writing for the Public [17]
2018 Feminist Formations | Johns Hopkins University Press Teaching to Empower [18]
2018 Politics & Gender | Cambridge University Press Racialized Rescue Narratives in Public Discourses on Youth Prostitution and Sex Trafficking in the United States [19]
2017 Violence Against Women | SAGE Journals Challenging Narratives of the Anti-Rape Movement’s Decline [20]
2016 Journal of Women, Politics & Policy | Taylor & Francis Online Obscuring Gender-Based Violence: Marriage Promotion and Teen Dating Violence Research [21]
2015 Journal of Human Trafficking An Examination of Some Central Debates on Sex Trafficking in Research and Public Policy in the United States [22]
2014 Meridians | Duke University Press An Intersectional Analysis of Sex Trafficking Films [23]
2013 Journal of Feminist Scholarship | University of Rhode Island Moving Beyond “Slaves, Sinners, and Saviors”: An Intersectional Feminist Analysis of US SexTrafficking Discourses, Law and Policy [24]
2008 Journal of Women, Politics & Policy | Taylor & Francis Online Pay No Attention to the Man Behind the Curtain! Power, Privacy, and the Legal Regulation of Violence Against Women [25]
2007 Journal of Women's History | Johns Hopkins University Press The Emergence of Organized Feminist Resistance to Sexual Harassment in the United States in the 1970s [26]
2005 NWSA Journal | Johns Hopkins University Press "An Orchid in the Arctic": Women's Studies in the Rural South [27]
2004 Feminist Studies Race, Class, and Sexual Harassment in the 1970s [28]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sex worker</span> Person who works in the sex industry

A sex worker is a person who provides sex work, either on a regular or occasional basis. The term is used in reference to those who work in all areas of the sex industry.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Transphobia</span> Anti-transgender prejudice

Transphobia consists of negative attitudes, feelings, or actions towards transgender people or transness in general. Transphobia can include fear, aversion, hatred, violence or anger towards people who do not conform to social gender roles. Transphobia is a type of prejudice and discrimination, similar to racism, sexism, or ableism, and it is closely associated with homophobia. People of color who are transgender experience discrimination above and beyond that which can be explained as a simple combination of transphobia and racism.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sexual harassment</span> Unwanted sexual attention or advances

Sexual harassment is a type of harassment involving the use of explicit or implicit sexual overtones, including the unwelcome and inappropriate promises of rewards in exchange for sexual favors. Sexual harassment can be physical and/or a demand or request for sexual favors, making sexually colored remarks, showing pornography, and any other unwelcome physical, verbal, or non-verbal conduct of a sexual nature. Sexual harassment includes a range of actions from verbal transgressions to sexual abuse or assault. Harassment can occur in many different social settings such as the workplace, the home, school, or religious institutions. Harassers or victims can be of any gender.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sex work</span> Offer of sexual services for compensation

Sex work is "the exchange of sexual services, performances, or products for material compensation. It includes activities of direct physical contact between buyers and sellers as well as indirect sexual stimulation". Sex work only refers to voluntary sexual transactions; thus, the term does not refer to human trafficking and other coerced or nonconsensual sexual transactions such as child prostitution. The transaction must take place between consenting adults of the legal age and mental capacity to consent and must take place without any methods of coercion, other than payment. The term emphasizes the labor and economic implications of this type of work. Furthermore, some prefer the use of the term because it grants more agency to the sellers of these services.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Catharine A. MacKinnon</span> American feminist scholar and legal activist

Catharine Alice MacKinnon is an American feminist legal scholar, activist, and author. She is the Elizabeth A. Long Professor of Law at the University of Michigan Law School, where she has been tenured since 1990, and the James Barr Ames Visiting Professor of Law at Harvard Law School. From 2008 to 2012, she was the special gender adviser to the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court.

Jean Kilbourne is an American educator, former model, filmmaker, author and activist, who is known as a pioneer of feminist advertising criticism.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Feminist sociology</span> Subdiscipline of sociology

Feminist sociology is an interdisciplinary exploration of gender and power throughout society. Here, it uses conflict theory and theoretical perspectives to observe gender in its relation to power, both at the level of face-to-face interaction and reflexivity within social structures at large. Focuses include sexual orientation, race, economic status, and nationality.

Date rape is a form of acquaintance rape and dating violence. The two phrases are often used interchangeably, but date rape specifically refers to a rape in which there has been some sort of romantic or potentially sexual relationship between the two parties. Acquaintance rape also includes rapes in which the victim and perpetrator have been in a non-romantic, non-sexual relationship, for example as co-workers or neighbors.

Janice G. Raymond is an American lesbian radical feminist and professor emerita of women's studies and medical ethics at the University of Massachusetts Amherst. She is known for her work against violence, sexual exploitation, and medical abuse of women, and for her controversial work denouncing transsexuality.

The Coalition Against Trafficking in Women (CATW) is a radical feminist and gender-critical non-governmental organization opposing human trafficking, prostitution, and other forms of commercial sex. It has been described as a "neo-abolitionist lobby group" that represents a "carceral feminist anti-trafficking practice," and has been criticized for essentializing women and promoting a controversial and "ideologically charged" definition of trafficking. It is strongly opposed to the perspectives of the Global Alliance Against Traffic in Women and the sex workers rights movement. It has been linked to anti-trans groups and its Latin American regional branch is a signatory of the manifesto of far-right anti-trans group Women's Declaration International.

Sexual violence refers to a range of completed or attempted sexual acts in which the affected party does not or is unable to consent. Theories on the causes of sexual violence are numerous and have come out of many different disciplines, such as women's studies, public health, and criminal justice. Proposed causes include military conquest, socioeconomics, anger, power, sadism, traits, ethical standards, laws, and evolutionary pressures. Most of the research on the causes of sexual violence has focused on male offenders.

Feminist views on pornography range from total condemnation of the medium as an inherent form of violence against women to an embracing of some forms as a medium of feminist expression. This debate reflects larger concerns surrounding feminist views on sexuality, and is closely related to those on prostitution, BDSM, and other issues. Pornography has been one of the most divisive issues in feminism, particularly in Anglophone (English-speaking) countries. This division was exemplified in the feminist sex wars of the 1980s, which pitted anti-pornography activists against pro-pornography ones.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Zillah Eisenstein</span> American political theorist

Zillah R. Eisenstein is an American political theorist and gender studies scholar and Emerita Professor of the Department of Politics at Ithaca College, Ithaca, New York. Specializing in political and feminist theory; class, sex, and race politics; and construction of gender, Eisenstein is the author of twelve books and editor of the 1978 collection Capitalist Patriarchy and the Case for Socialist Feminism, which published the Combahee River Collective statement.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gender inequality in Mexico</span> Overview of gender inequality in Mexico

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nordic model approach to prostitution</span> Approach to prostitution law first instituted in Sweden in 1999

The Nordic Criminal Model approach to sex work, also marketed as the end demand, equality model, neo-abolitionism, Nordic and Swedish model, is an approach to sex work that criminalises clients, third parties and many ways sex workers operate. This approach to criminalising sex work was developed in Sweden in 1999 on the debated radical feminist position that all sex work is sexual servitude and no person can consent to engage in commercial sexual services. The main objective of the model is to abolish the sex industry by punishing the purchase of sexual services. The model was also originally developed to make working in the sex industry more difficult, as Ann Martin said when asked about their role in developing the model - "I think of course the law has negative consequences for women in prostitution but that's also some of the effect that we want to achieve with the law... It shouldn't be as easy as it was before to go out and sell sex."

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Carceral feminism is a critical term for types of feminism that advocate for enhancing and increasing prison sentences that deal with feminist and gender issues. The term criticises the belief that harsher and longer prison sentences will help work towards solving these issues. The phrase "carceral feminism" was coined by Elizabeth Bernstein, a feminist sociologist, in her 2007 article, "The Sexual Politics of the 'New Abolitionism'". Examining the contemporary anti-trafficking movement in the United States, Bernstein introduced the term to describe a type of feminist activism which casts all forms of sexual labor as sex trafficking. She sees this as a retrograde step, suggesting it erodes the rights of women in the sex industry, and takes the focus off other important feminist issues, and expands the neoliberal agenda.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Feminist views on the sex industry</span>

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The Alliance Against Sexual Coercion (AASC) was an American organization that aimed to address sexual coercion and sexual harassment faced by working women. The organization was established in June 1976 by Freada Kapor Klein, Lynn Wehrli, and Elizabeth Cohn-Stuntz. They argued that sexual harassment toward women increases difficulties for women in the workplace by reinforcing the idea that women are inferior to men.

Nadine Taub was an American lawyer who laid the essential groundwork for women's rights in the workplace, including defending and winning the first sexual harassment case in the US in 1977. Taub played a pivotal, but largely unrecognized, role in the development of sexual harassment law in the United States. As part of a group of young female lawyers in the 1970s, including Ruth Bader Ginsburg, Nancy Stearns and others, Taub made legal history by winning cases which argued that the Constitution protected women's rights.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 "Carrie N. Baker". Smith College. Retrieved 2021-02-01.
  2. "Reproductive Health, Rights, and Justice | www.fivecolleges.edu". www.fivecolleges.edu. Retrieved 2021-02-07.
  3. "The Women's Movement against Sexual Harassment | American government, politics and policy". Cambridge University Press. Retrieved 2021-02-01.
  4. "Fighting the US Youth Sex Trade | Political sociology". Cambridge University Press. Retrieved 2021-02-01.
  5. Sexual Harassment Law: History, Cases, and Practice, Second Edition (9781531009366). Authors: Jennifer Ann Drobac, Carrie N. Baker, Rigel C. Oliveri. Carolina Academic Press.
  6. Baker, Carrie; Dove-Viebahn, Aviva (2023). Public Feminisms. doi:10.3998/mpub.12682117. ISBN   978-1-64315-043-7.
  7. "Carrie N. Baker Byline". Daily Hampshire Gazette. Retrieved 2021-02-09.
  8. "Carrie N. Baker, Author at Ms. Magazine". msmagazine.com. Retrieved 2021-02-05.
  9. "Ms. Committee of Scholars - Ms. Magazine". msmagazine.com. 4 February 2019. Retrieved 2021-02-05.
  10. "Yale Bulletin and Calendar - Current Issue". archives.news.yale.edu. Retrieved 2021-02-07.
  11. "Class Notes From The Alumni Board President". Emory University School of Law. Retrieved 2021-02-07.
  12. "Whaley Prize Recipients". National Women's Studies Association. Retrieved 2021-02-05.
  13. News-Tribun, Special to Rome (5 May 2006). "Berry College faculty members Carrie Baker, Zeynep Tenger honored for excellence and achievement | Breaking New". Northwest Georgia News. Retrieved 2021-03-11.
  14. Smith College Rally Day 2018 , retrieved 2021-03-11
  15. Solow, Barbara. "Smith Will Celebrate Teaching Award Winners". Smith College. Retrieved 2021-02-05.
  16. Baker, Carrie N. (2020-12-04). "Amplification of Structural Inequalities: Research Sabbaticals During COVID-19". ADVANCE Journal. 2 (2): 18062. doi: 10.5399/osu/ADVJRNL.2.2.3 .
  17. Baker, Carrie N.; Dove-Viebahn, Aviva; Berger, Michele Tracy; Rios, Carmen; Jolna, Karon (2020-09-19). "Amplifying Our Voices: Feminist Scholars Writing for the Public". Feminist Formations. 32 (2): 29–51. doi:10.1353/ff.2020.0024. ISSN   2151-7371. S2CID   229675083.
  18. Baker, Carrie N. (2018-10-16). "Teaching to Empower". Feminist Formations. 30 (3): 4–15. doi:10.1353/ff.2018.0033. ISSN   2151-7371. S2CID   149563009.
  19. Baker, Carrie N. (2018). "Racialized Rescue Narratives in Public Discourses on Youth Prostitution and Sex Trafficking in the United States". Politics & Gender. 15 (4): 773–800. doi:10.1017/S1743923X18000661. ISSN   1743-923X. S2CID   149603001.
  20. Baker, Carrie N.; Bevacqua, Maria (2018-03-01). "Challenging Narratives of the Anti-Rape Movement's Decline". Violence Against Women. 24 (3): 350–376. doi:10.1177/1077801216689164. ISSN   1077-8012. PMID   29332523. S2CID   4963435.
  21. Baker, Carrie; Stein, Nan (2016-01-02). "Obscuring Gender-Based Violence: Marriage Promotion and Teen Dating Violence Research". Journal of Women, Politics & Policy. 37 (1): 87–109. doi:10.1080/1554477X.2016.1116301. ISSN   1554-477X. S2CID   147423747.
  22. Baker, Carrie N. (2015-07-03). "An Examination of Some Central Debates on Sex Trafficking in Research and Public Policy in the United States". Journal of Human Trafficking. 1 (3): 191–208. doi:10.1080/23322705.2015.1023672. ISSN   2332-2705. S2CID   153158770.
  23. Baker, Carrie N. (2014). "An Intersectional Analysis of Sex Trafficking Films". Meridians. 12 (1): 208–226. doi:10.2979/meridians.12.1.208. ISSN   1536-6936. JSTOR   10.2979/meridians.12.1.208. S2CID   144044403.
  24. Baker, Carrie (2013-01-01). "Moving Beyond "Slaves, Sinners, and Saviors": An Intersectional Feminist Analysis of US Sex-Trafficking Discourses, Law and Policy". Journal of Feminist Scholarship. 4 (4): 1–23. ISSN   2158-6179.
  25. Bevacqua, Maria; Baker, Carrie (2004-11-15). "Pay No Attention to the Man Behind the Curtain!". Women & Politics. 26 (3–4): 57–83. doi:10.1300/J014v26n03_03. ISSN   0195-7732. S2CID   144310724.
  26. Baker, Carrie N. (2007-10-01). "The Emergence of Organized Feminist Resistance to Sexual Harassment in the United States in the 1970s". Journal of Women's History. 19 (3): 161–184. doi:10.1353/jowh.2007.0051. ISSN   1527-2036. S2CID   144125346.
  27. Baker, Carrie N.; Madden, Jaime (2005). ""An Orchid in the Arctic": Women's Studies in the Rural South". NWSA Journal. 17 (2): 192–198. ISSN   1040-0656. JSTOR   4317139.
  28. Baker, Carrie N. (2004). "Race, Class, and Sexual Harassment in the 1970s". Feminist Studies. 30 (1): 7–27. ISSN   0046-3663. JSTOR   3178552.