Don Lorenzo del Rosario House | |
---|---|
Alternative names | Casa Bizantina |
General information | |
Type | Single-detached |
Architectural style | Bahay na bato |
Town or city | Bagac, Bataan |
Country | Philippines |
Coordinates | 14°35′57″N120°23′15″E / 14.599061°N 120.387528°E |
Construction started | 1890 |
Renovated | 2009 |
Technical details | |
Material | Stones and Wood |
Floor count | Three |
Design and construction | |
Architect(s) | Joan Josep Jose Hervas y Arizmendi |
The Don Lorenzo del Rosario House, also known as Casa Bizantina, is a heritage house museum originally located at San Nicolas, Manila. It was transferred and reconstructed in 2009 at Las Casas Filipinas de Acuzar, Bagac, Bataan. It was designed by a Catalan architect Joan Josep Jose Hervas y Arizmendi, in 1890. It is the only existing building designed by the Architect Arizmendi in the Philippines. In addition to that, it was cited by Tribune magazine in 1939 despite its neglected state.
Spanish Army Captain Esteban de Peñarubia modernized the Binondo area, especially along Calles Fundicion, Ylang Ylang, Aceiteros (now M.V. de los Santos) and Jaboneros, after a major fire incident in 1863. It encouraged several businesses such as metal casting (particularly of bells), oil extraction (perfume essences and cooking oil) and soap making. The ground level of the houses built serve as commercial spaces while the upper floors serve as residential spaces. One of which was the Don Lorenzo del Rosario House, owned by Don Lorenzo del Rosario, a signer of the Malolos Constitution. In 1868, Peñarubia was appointed military governor of Abra. [1]
Joan Josep Jose Hervas y Arizmendi (1851-1912) was a Spanish architect, born in Barcelona, Spain. He got his degree in 1879 and became the municipal architect, or arquitecto municipal, of Sitges and Tortosa in Spain and in Manila, Philippines from 1892 to 1898. One of his works were private residences such as Casa Perez Samanillo (Circulo Ecuestre at present) in 1910, for which he was awarded the 1911 Barcelona City Council Prize. Casa Perez Samanillo was owned by the Perez-Samanillos, former Manila residents. They owned the Perez Samanillo building at Escolta, Manila. His other works include Hotel de Oriente and La Insular Fabrica de Tabacos y Cigarillos. [2]
Casa Bizantina is a Bahay na bato. Don Lorenzo del Rosario House is a three-storey mixed-used structure used as commercial and residential space. It has been called Casa Bizantina because of its Byzantine ornamentation such as a half-moon opening above the large entrance with grill works, arches above the windows of the third floor, engaged columns, and appliqued carvings. However, the house reflects more of the Neo-Mudejar or Spanish-Moorish architectural style. A balcony, or mirador, crowned the roof above the interior's stairs with turned balusters. The stairs leads up to the second and third floors and provides access to both wings of the house. [1]
The house was built with a chamfered corner, in compliance with the municipal building regulations before. The streets at the commercial concentrations at Binondo and San Nicolas districts in Manila were narrow; thus, corner buildings were mandated to be built with a chamfer or chaflan in 1869. This regulation led to the creation of eight-sided open spaces, or plazoletas, at every street corner. [1]
The house was occupied by a succession of tenants during the 20th century. It was the first home of the University of Manila in 1914. The nearby community decayed after World War II and the land reclamation for the North Harbor. The old houses became tenements and were torn down to make way for commercial buildings. Casa Bizantina was in miserable condition by 2000. After eight years, the house was declared structurally unsound. Despite its condition, more than 20 families still occupy the house. In 2009, the Don Lorenzo del Rosario House was sold, dismantled, and brought to Bagac, Bataan. [1]
Bataan, officially the Province of Bataan, is a province in the Central Luzon region of the Philippines. Its capital is the city of Balanga while Mariveles is the largest town in the province. Occupying the entire Bataan Peninsula on Luzon, Bataan is bordered by the provinces of Zambales and Pampanga to the north. The peninsula faces the South China Sea to the west and Subic Bay to the north-west, and encloses Manila Bay to the east.
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Anacleto del Rosario y Sales was a leading chemist in the Philippines during the Spanish era in Philippine history. Regarded as the "Father of Philippine Science and Laboratory", del Rosario invented the formula for producing a pure kind of alcohol from tuba in a nipa palm. This formula won for del Rosario the first prize during the World Fair in Paris, France in 1889. Del Rosario extracted castor oil from the palma christi, literally the "palm of Christ", a native plant in the Philippines.
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