Catharina Elisabeth Heinecken (1683 – November 5, 1757) was a German artist and alchemist and the mother of a celebrated child prodigy, Christian Heinrich Heineken.
Christian Heinrich Heineken or Heinecken, also known as "the infant scholar of Lübeck", was a German child prodigy who only lived to be four years old.
Born in Lübeck, she was the daughter of painter Franz Oesterreich and the stepdaughter of another painter, Karl Krieg. [1] She married the painter and architect Paul Heinecken, and they had two children: Carl Heinrich von Heineken, an art historian and collector who was later knighted, and Christian Heinrich Heineken, a child prodigy known as "the infant scholar of Lübeck" who only lived to be four years old. [1] [2]
Lübeck is a city in Schleswig-Holstein, northern Germany, and one of the major ports of Germany. On the river Trave, it was the leading city of the Hanseatic League, and because of its extensive Brick Gothic architecture, it is listed by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site. In 2015, it had a population of 218,523.
Carl Heinrich von Heineken (1707–1791) was a German art historian who for a time was in charge of King Augustus III of Poland's royal collection.
Heinecken painted portraits and still lifes with flowers and fruit, [2] and she made crowns and wreaths, which she rented to wedding parties. [1] [3] Her portrait of her son Christian Heinrich served as the template for an engraving by Christian Fritzsch that was disseminated widely. [1] It is said that she was deeply interested in alchemy and used her fortune to pursue alchemical studies. [1] She died in Lützen. [1]
Alchemy was an ancient branch of natural philosophy, a philosophical and protoscientific tradition practiced throughout Europe, Africa, and Asia, originating in Greco-Roman Egypt in the first few centuries AD. It aims to purify, mature, and perfect certain objects. Common aims were chrysopoeia, the transmutation of "base metals" into "noble metals" ; the creation of an elixir of immortality; the creation of panaceas able to cure any disease; and the development of an alkahest, a universal solvent. The perfection of the human body and soul was thought to permit or result from the alchemical magnum opus and, in the Hellenistic and Western mystery tradition, the achievement of gnosis. In Europe, the creation of a philosopher's stone was variously connected with all of these projects.
A portrait of Heinecken painted by Balthasar Denner is thought to have been destroyed during World War II. [1]
Balthasar Denner was a German painter, highly regarded as a portraitist. He painted mostly half-length and head-and-shoulders portraits and a few group portraits of families in interiors. Usually Denner concentrated on the face; clothes and paraphernalia were done by other painters or later his daughter. His chief peculiarity consisted in the fineness of his mechanical finish, which extended to depicting even the almost invisible furze of hair growing on smooth skin. He is particularly noted for his heads of old men and women.
Johann Heinrich Bleuler, the Elder was a Swiss artist who worked with porcelain, landscape sketches and gouache. He was also an art teacher and a publisher of engravings.
Anton Graff was an eminent Swiss portrait artist. Among his famous subjects were Friedrich Schiller, Christoph Willibald Gluck, Heinrich von Kleist, Frederick the Great, Friederike Sophie Seyler, Johann Gottfried Herder, Gotthold Ephraim Lessing, Moses Mendelssohn and Christian Felix Weisse. His pupils included Emma Körner, Philipp Otto Runge and Karl Ludwig Kaaz.
Johann Michael Ferdinand Heinrich Hofmann was a German painter of the late 19th to early 20th century. He was the uncle of the German painter Ludwig von Hofmann. He was born in Darmstadt and died in Dresden. He is best known for his many paintings depicting the life of Jesus Christ.
Ulrika "Ulla" Fredrica Pasch, was a Swedish rococo painter and miniaturist, and a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Arts.
Therese Maron, née Mengs, was a German (Saxonian) painter, for most of her life active in Rome. She was the elder sister of more known painter Anton Raphael Mengs.
The Hanseaten is a collective term for the hierarchy group consisting of elite individuals and families of prestigious rank who constituted the ruling class of the free imperial city of Hamburg, conjointly with the equal First Families of the free imperial cities Bremen and Lübeck. The members of these First Families were the persons in possession of hereditary grand burghership of these cities, including the mayors, the senators, joint diplomats and the senior pastors. Hanseaten refers specifically to the ruling families of Hamburg, Lübeck and Bremen, but more broadly, this group is also referred to as patricians along with similar social groups elsewhere in continental Europe.
Emma Sophie Körner was a German painter, a pupil of the Swiss painter Anton Graff, and sister of the poet and soldier Carl Theodor Körner.
Friedrich Carl Gröger was a north-German portrait painter and lithographer. One of the most respected portraitists of his time in northern Germany, his works are to be found in several museums, including the Hamburger Kunsthalle, as well as in north German, Holstein and Danish private collections.
Heineken is a patronymic surname meaning "son of little Hein" (Henry). Notable people with the surname include:
Heinrich Knirr was an Austrian-born German painter, known for genre scenes and portraits, although he also did landscapes and still-lifes. He is best-known for creating the official portrait of Adolf Hitler and is the only artist known to have painted Hitler from life.
Johann Heinrich Ferdinand Olivier (1785–1841) was a German painter associated with the Nazarene movement.
Heinrich Eduard Linde-Walther, born Walther Heinrich Eduard Linde was a German painter and illustrator.
Hermann Linde was a German painter in the Symbolist style. He specialized in "Oriental" themes.
Maria Slavona, born Marie Dorette Caroline Schorer was a German impressionist painter.
Vittoria Candida Rosa Caldoni was the most popular model among the German artists residing in Rome in the early nineteenth-century; especially those associated with the Nazarene movement. Over 100 paintings with her image have survived.
Friedrich Wilhelm Weidemann or Wiedemann was a German painter. From 1702 he worked as court painter to Frederick William I, prince and later king of Prussia. He also produced portraits of several other members of the Prussian royal family
Louise von Panhuys née von Barckhaus of Wiesenhütten was a German botanical artist and landscape painter.
