The Cercado de Lima ('Walled Lima'), Damero de Pizarro ('Pizarro's Checkerboard'), or Lima Cuadrada ('Squared Lima') is an area of the historic center of Lima (capital of Peru) located within the old walls of the city. [1]
The Cercado de Lima ('Walled Lima'), Damero de Pizarro ('Pizarro's Checkerboard'), or Lima Cuadrada ('Squared Lima') is an area of the historic center of Lima (capital of Peru) located within the old walls of the city. [1]
The area of the Cercado de Lima corresponds to the original layout of the city. Its current boundaries within the city are the Rímac River to the north, Abancay Avenue to the east, Colmena Avenue to the south and Tacna Avenue to the west.
Its name derives from it being the oldest and most central part of the city and because its urban layout maintains the classic Spanish style of streets and perpendicular avenues that form homogeneously square blocks. [2]
The area contains the main historical monuments of the city and several of the public buildings of the government of Peru including the Government Palace and the Metropolitan Cathedral of Lima. [3]
Lima, founded in 1535 as the Ciudad de los Reyes, is the capital and largest city of Peru. It is located in the valleys of the Chillón, Rímac and Lurín Rivers, in the desert zone of the central coastal part of the country, overlooking the Pacific Ocean. The city is considered the political, cultural, financial and commercial center of Peru. Due to its geostrategic importance, the Globalization and World Cities Research Network has categorized it as a "beta" tier city. Jurisdictionally, the metropolis extends mainly within the province of Lima and in a smaller portion, to the west, within the Constitutional Province of Callao, where the seaport and the Jorge Chávez Airport are located. Both provinces have regional autonomy since 2002.
The Walls of Lima were a fortification consisting mainly of walls and bastions whose purpose was to defend the city of Lima from exterior attacks. It was built between 1684 and 1687, during the Viceroy Melchor de Navarra y Rocafull 's government.
Lima is a district of Lima Province in Peru. Lima district is the oldest in Lima Province and as such, vestiges of the city's colonial era remain today in the historic centre of Lima, which was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1988 and contains the foundational area known as Cercado de Lima.
The Historic Centre of Lima is the historic city centre of the city of Lima, the capital of Peru. Located in the city's districts of Lima and Rímac, both in the Rímac Valley, it consists of two areas: the first is the Monumental Zone established by the Peruvian government in 1972, and the second one—contained within the first one—is the World Heritage Site established by UNESCO in 1988, whose buildings are marked with the organisation's black-and-white shield.
The history of Lima, the capital of Peru, began with its foundation by Francisco Pizarro on January 18, 1535. The city was established on the valley of the Rímac River in an area populated by the Ichma polity. It became the capital of the Viceroyalty of Peru and site of a Real Audiencia in 1543. In the 17th century, the city prospered as the center of an extensive trade network despite damage from earthquakes and the threat of pirates. However, prosperity came to an end in the 18th century due to an economic downturn and the Bourbon Reforms.
Barrios Altos is a Peruvian neighbourhood that forms the eastern part of Lima District, part of the historic centre of the city. It owes its name to the fact that, topographically, it is higher than the rest of the old part of the City, due to the elevation of the land that exists towards the Andes mountain range, which is evident in its streets to this day.
Nicolás de Pierola Avenue, formerly known as Interior de Lima and La Colmena, is an avenue located in the Historic Centre of Lima, Peru. It is the southern limit of the area called Damero de Pizarro. It was founded in the year 1900.
Jirón Amazonas is a major street in the Damero de Pizarro, located in the historic centre of Lima, Peru. The street starts at its intersection with the Jirón Lampa and continues until it reaches Sebastián Lorente Avenue.
Jirón Áncash is a major street in the Damero de Pizarro, located in the historic centre of Lima, Peru. The street starts at its intersection with the Jirón de la Unión at the Puente de Piedra, and continues until it reaches the Óvalo de la Paz.
Jirón Augusto Wiese, better known as Jirón Carabaya, is a major street in the Damero de Pizarro, located in the historic centre of Lima, Peru. The street starts at its intersection with the Jirón Áncash, and ends at the Paseo de la República.
Jirón Apurímac is a street in the Damero de Pizarro, located in the historic centre of Lima, Peru. The street starts at its intersection with Abancay Avenue, behind the Javier Alzamora Valdez Building, and continues until it reaches Jirón Carabaya.
Jirón Conde de Superunda, formerly Jirón Lima, is a major street in the Damero de Pizarro, located in the historic centre of Lima, Peru. The street starts at its intersection with the Jirón de la Unión, next to the Palacio Municipal de Lima, and continues until it reaches the Jirón Cañete.
Pasaje José Olaya is a pedestrian alleyway located in the Damero de Pizarro, next to the Plaza Mayor of Lima, Peru. It is the location of a statue of the same name, which was declared part of the Cultural heritage of Peru alongside the other statues located within the historic centre of Lima in 2018.
Jirón Junín is a major street in the Damero de Pizarro, located in the historic centre of Lima, Peru. The street starts at its intersection with the Jirón de la Unión and continues for 19 blocks until it reaches Nicolás Ayllón Avenue.
Jirón Santa Rosa, known as Jirón Antonio Miró Quesada and as Jirón Ayacucho before that, is a major street in the Damero de Pizarro, located in the historic centre of Lima, Peru. The street starts at its intersection with the Jirón de la Unión and continues until it reaches Miguel Grau Avenue.
Jirón Ucayali is a major street in the Damero de Pizarro, located in the historic centre of Lima, Peru. The street starts at its intersection with the Jirón de la Unión and continues until it reaches Jirón Paruro. Its route extends to the west along Jirón Ica.
Emancipation Avenue, formerly known as Jirón Arequipa and Jirón Riva-Agüero, is a major avenue in the Damero de Pizarro, located in the historic centre of Lima, Peru. The street starts at its intersection with the Jirón de la Unión and continues until it reaches the Plaza Ramón Castilla. It is continued to the east by Jirón Cuzco, formerly part of the avenue.
Abancay Avenue, formerly known as Jirón Abancay, is a major avenue that serves as the limit between the Damero de Pizarro and Barrios Altos, both located in the historic centre of Lima, Peru. The street starts at the Ricardo Palma Bridge and continues until it reaches Grau Avenue.
Jirón Puno is a major street in the Damero de Pizarro, located in the historic centre of Lima, Peru. It starts in the Jirón de la Unión and continues until it reaches Jirón Lorenzo de Vidaurre in Barrios Altos. It is continued by Jirón Moquegua to the west.
Jirón Rufino Torrico, formerly known as Jirón Arica, is a major street in the Damero de Pizarro, located in the historic centre of Lima, Peru. The street starts before its intersection with the Jirón Conde de Superunda, parallel to the Prolongación Tacna, and continues until it reaches Inca Garcilaso de la Vega Avenue.