N'Djamena is the capital and largest city of Chad. It is also a special statute region, divided into 10 districts or arrondissements.
François Tombalbaye, also known as N'Garta Tombalbaye, was a Chadian politician who served as the first President of Chad from the country's independence in 1960 until his overthrow in 1975. A dictatorial leader, his divisive policies as president led to factional conflict and a pattern of authoritarian leadership and political instability that are still relevant in Chad today.
Isabelle Geneviève Marie Anne Gall, known professionally as France Gall, was a French yé-yé singer. In 1965, at the age of 17, she won the tenth edition of the Eurovision Song Contest with the song "Poupée de cire, poupée de son", representing Luxembourg. Later in her career, she became known for her work with singer-songwriter Michel Berger, whom she married in 1976. Her most successful singles include "Résiste", "Ella, elle l'a" and "Évidemment".
Nagoum Yamassoum is a Chadian politician who was Prime Minister of Chad from 1999 to 2002 and Minister of State for Foreign Affairs from 2003 to 2005. He is from the district of Grande Sido in the region of Moyen Chari.
The Bua languages are a subgroup of the Mbum–Day subgroup of the Savanna languages spoken by fewer than 30,000 people in southern Chad in an area stretching roughly between the Chari River and the Guéra Massif. They were labeled "G13" in Joseph Greenberg's Adamawa language-family proposal. They are ultimately part of the Niger–Congo family, and have exerted a significant influence on Laal.
Émile Gentil was a French colonial administrator, naval officer, and military leader. He is best known for heading two military missions to conquer and consolidate territories north from modern Gabon to Chad.
FROLINAT was an insurgent rebel group active in Chad between 1966 and 1993.
Chad was a part of the French colonial empire from 1900 to 1960. Colonial rule under the French began in 1900 when the Military Territory of Chad was established. From 1905, Chad was linked to the federation of French colonial possessions in Middle Africa, known from 1910 under the name of French Equatorial Africa. Chad passed in 1920 to French civilian administration, but suffered from chronic neglect.
Ibrahim Abatcha was a Muslim Chadian politician reputed of Marxist leanings and associations. His political activity started during the decolonization process of Chad from France, but after the country's independence he was forced to go in exile due to the increasing authoritarianism of the country's first President François Tombalbaye. To overthrow Tombalbaye he founded in Sudan in 1966 the FROLINAT, of which he was the first leader and field commander. Two years later he was killed in a clash with the Chadian Army.
Jules Pierre Toura Gaba was a Chadian politician and diplomat. Following the independence of Chad, he served as its first Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1960 to 1961.
The administrative divisions of Chad have often changed since 1900, when the territory was first created by France as part of its colonial empire, with the name Territoire Militaire des pays et protectorats du Tchad. The first subdivision took place in 1910, when 9 circumscriptions were made, named départements (departments) in 1935 and régions (regions) in 1947. As for the regions, they were further divided in districts.
Outel Bono was a Chadian medical doctor and politician.
Opération Bison was a French military operation in Chad from 1969 to 1972.
The Chadian Civil War of 1965–1979 was waged by several rebel factions against two Chadian governments. The initial rebellion erupted in opposition to Chadian President François Tombalbaye, whose regime was marked by authoritarianism, extreme corruption, and favoritism. In 1975 Tombalbaye was murdered by his own army, and a military government headed by Félix Malloum emerged and continued the war against the insurgents. Following foreign interventions by Libya and France, the fracturing of the rebels into rival factions, and an escalation of the fighting, Malloum stepped down in March 1979. This paved the way for a new national government, known as "Transitional Government of National Unity" (GUNT).
Founded in 2006, the Quatuor Béla is composed of four French musicians, graduates of the Conservatoire de Paris (CNSM): Julien Dieudegard, Frédéric Aurier, Julian Boutin, and Luc Dedreuil.
Maxime Rodolphe Nouchy, known as Maxim Nucci and Yodelice, is a French singer-songwriter who performs in English. He has released five albums as of 2014: "Maxim Nucci" (2006), Tree of Life (2009), Cardioid (2010), "Square Eyes" (2013) and "Like a Million Dreams" (2014). The songs belong to folk, rock and pop music. He is also known for his acting performance in Guillaume Canet's film Little White Lies with Marion Cotillard in 2010. The song "Talk to me" was featured.
Christianity in Chad arrived more recently than other religions, with the arrival of Europeans. Its followers are divided into Roman Catholics and Protestants and collectively represent 45% of the country's population.
Raymond Guiot is a French flautist, pianist and composer. He has also trained many flutists throughout the world.
Free French Africa was the political entity which collectively represented the colonial territories of French Equatorial Africa and Cameroon under the control of Free France in World War II.
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