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The Chittagong Hill Tracts, often shortened to simply the Hill Tracts and abbreviated to CHT, are group of districts within the Chittagong Division in southeastern Bangladesh, bordering India and Myanmar (Burma). Covering 13,295 square kilometres (5,133 sq mi), they formed a single district until 1984, when they were divided into three districts: Khagrachari District, Rangamati Hill District, and Bandarban District.
The Shanti Bahini was the armed wing of the Parbatya Chattagram Jana Samhati Samiti in Bangladesh. It is considered an insurgent group in Bangladesh. The Shanti Bahini was made out of mostly members from the Chakma tribe.
The Parbatya Chattagram Jana Samhati Samiti is a political party formed to represent the people and indigenous tribes of the Chittagong Hill Tracts in Bangladesh. Since its inception in 1972, the PCJSS has fought for autonomy and the recognition of the ethnic identity and rights of the indigenous tribes of the Hill Tracts. Its military arm, the Shanti Bahini was used to fight government forces and Bengali settlers in the Hill Tracts. A peace accord was signed in 1997 led to the disarmament of the Shanti Bahini and enabled the PCJSS to return to mainstream politics.
Bandarban is a district in South-Eastern Bangladesh, and a part of the Chittagong Division. It is one of the three hill districts of Bangladesh and a part of the Chittagong Hill Tracts, the others being Rangamati District and Khagrachhari District. Bandarban district (4,479 km2) is not only the most remote district of the country, but also the least populous. There is an army contingent at Bandarban Cantonment.
Manabendra Narayan Larma, also known as M.N. Larma, was a Jumma Chakma politician and Member of Parliament of Bangladesh. A leading proponent of the rights of the people of the Chittagong Hill Tracts, he was the founding leader of the Parbatya Chattagram Jana Samhati Samiti and its armed wing, the Shanti Bahini.
The Chittagong Hill Tracts Peace Accord was a peace agreement signed between the Government of Bangladesh and the Parbatya Chattagram Jana Sanghati Samiti, the political organisation that controlled the Shanti Bahini militia on 2 December 1997. The accord allowed for the recognition of the rights of the peoples and tribes of the Chittagong Hill Tracts region and ended the decades-long insurgency between the Shanti Bahini and government forces.
Jyotirindra Bodhipriya Larma is a Bangladeshi Chakma politician and one of the main leaders of the Parbatya Chattagram Jana Samhati Samiti (PCJSS). He also headed the Shanti Bahini militia until it was disarmed in 1997. He is the brother of late Chakma parliamentarian and PCJSS founder Manabendra Narayan Larma. He is also the president of Bangladesh Adivasi Forum and Chairman of Chittagong Hill Tracts Regional Council.
Charu Bikash Chakma is a Bangladeshi Chakma politician who was one of the senior leaders of the political movement of the Chittagong Hill Tracts and co-founder of the Parbatya Chattagram Jana Samhati Samiti. He was an Awami League candidate in the 1970 Pakistani general election but lost to Manabendra Narayan Larma, his close friend. He met the government of independent Bangladesh in December 1971 in a failed bid to secure constitutional safeguards for indigenous people of Bangladesh. He was a leader of the Chakma Jubak Samity.
The Chittagong Hill Tracts conflict was a political and armed conflict between the government of Bangladesh and the Parbatya Chattagram Jana Samhati Samiti and its armed wing, the Shanti Bahini, over the issue of autonomy and the land rights of Jumma people, mainly for Chakma people and the other indigenous of Chittagong Hill Tracts. Shanti Bahini launched an insurgency against government forces in 1977, when the country was under military rule, and the conflict continued for twenty years until the government and the PCJSS signed the Chittagong Hill Tracts Peace Accord in 1997.
Rangamati Medical College (RmMC) is a public medical school located in Rangamati, Bangladesh. The college is established in 2014. It admits 51 students every year. It offers 5 years course on Bachelor of Medicine & Bachelor of Surgery which is directed under Chittagong Medical University.
Alikadam Cantonment is a cantonment located outside of Bandarban. The 24th Infantry Division (Bangladesh) inhabits the cantonment.
Dighinala Cantonment is a cantonment in Dighinala, outside of Khagrachari. 24th Infantry Division of Bangladesh Army inhabit here.
Rangamati Science and Technology University is a public university located in Rangamati, Bangladesh, commonly known as RMSTU. It has faced vocal opposition from local groups such as Parbatya Chattagram Jana Samhati Samiti (PCJSS) because they believe that students, staff, and faculty would come predominantly from outside the Chittagong Hill Tracts, and their settlement in Rangamati would change the character of the region. The first batch of 75 students began classes in November 2015, at a temporary campus set up at Tabalchharhi Shah High School.
24th Infantry Division is a formation of the Bangladesh Army. It is one of the three infantry division in Chittagong Division. It is headquartered in Chittagong Cantonment in the Chittagong District. It is the largest infantry division of Bangladesh Army.
Khagrachhari Hill District Council is the local government council responsible for the administration of Khagrachhari District, Bangladesh. The chairman of the council is Kongjari Chowdhury.
Bandarban Hill District Council is the regional government body responsible for the administration of Bandarban Hill District in Bangladesh. Kyaw Shwe Hla is the chairman of the council.
Logang massacre refers to the massacre of the Jumma people by the Bangladesh security forces and illegal plainsmen Bengali settlers in Logang village of Khagrachari District on 10 April 1992.
Ushatan Talukder is a Bangladeshi politician and was the member of parliament for Rangamati Hill District from 2014 to 2018. He is a leader of the indigenous community of Rangamati.
Chittagong Hill Tracts Land Dispute Resolution Commission is a Bangladesh government commissioned formed to solve disputes in the Chittagong Hill Tracts. The commissioned formed in 1999 has been unable to work due to the lack of rules under which the commission can operate.
Uttoron Padak is a military medal of Bangladesh. The medal is intended to reward servicemen who took part in the campaign in the Chittagong Hill Tracts. The “Operation Dabanal” was re-established in the name of “Operation Uttoron” by which the Bangladesh military want to solve the CHT crisis militarily through imposing military maneuvers superseding the local civil administration.
References
- 1 2 "Chittagong Hill Tracts Regional Council". chtrc.org. Retrieved 27 January 2018.
- ↑ "CHT situation spinning out of control: Santu". CHT situation spinning out of control: Santu. The Independent. Retrieved 27 January 2018.
- ↑ "20 years after peace accord, indigenous Bangladeshis still attacked over land". dhakatribune.com. Dhaka Tribune. Retrieved 27 January 2018.
- ↑ "HC verdict on CHT regional council: SC adjourns appeal hearing till Jan 23". The Daily Star. 9 January 2018. Retrieved 27 January 2018.
- ↑ "Decade-old hills admin at stake". The Daily Star. 14 April 2010. Retrieved 27 January 2018.
- ↑ "Revisiting CHT Peace Accord". The Daily Star. 8 May 2010. Retrieved 27 January 2018.
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