The Chakma people or Changhma people,are an ethnic group from the eastern-most regions of the Indian subcontinent and Western Myanmar. They are the largest ethnic group of the Chittagong Hill Tracts region of southeastern Bangladesh,and the largest in the Chakma Autonomous District Council of Mizoram,India. Significant Chakma populations are found in the northeast Indian states of Arunachal Pradesh,Tripura and Assam.
Buddhism is the third-largest religious affiliation and formed about 0.63% of the population of Bangladesh. It is said that Buddha once in his life came to this region of East Bengal to spread his teachings and he was successful in converting the local people to Buddhism,specially in the Chittagong division and later on Pala empire propagate and patronized Buddhist religion throughout the Bengal territory. About 1 million people in Bangladesh adhere to the Theravada school of Buddhism. Over 65% of the Buddhist population is concentrated in the Chittagong Hill Tracts region,where it is the predominant faith of the Rakhine,Chakma,Marma,Tanchangya,other Jumma people and the Barua. The remaining 35% are Bengali Buddhists. Buddhist communities are present in the urban centers of Bangladesh,particularly Chittagong and Dhaka.
The Shanti Bahini was the armed wing of the Parbatya Chattagram Jana Samhati Samiti in Bangladesh. It is considered an insurgent group in Bangladesh. The Shanti Bahini was made out of mostly members from the Chakma tribe.
The Parbatya Chattagram Jana Samhati Samiti is a left wing political party formed to represent the people and indigenous tribes of the Chittagong Hill Tracts in Bangladesh. Since its inception in 1972,the PCJSS has fought for autonomy and the recognition of the ethnic identity and rights of the indigenous tribes of the Hill Tracts. Its military arm,the Shanti Bahini was used to fight government forces and Bengali settlers in the Hill Tracts. A peace accord was signed in 1997 led to the disarmament of the Shanti Bahini and enabled the PCJSS to return to mainstream politics.
Rangamati (Bengali:রাঙ্গামাটিis the administrative headquarter and town of Rangamati District in the Chittagong Hill Tracts of Bangladesh. The town is located at 22°37'60N 92°12'0E and has an altitude of 14 metres. It was the capital of the Chakma kingdom during the British rule in Chittagong hill tracts.
Chakma is an Indo-Aryan language spoken by the Chakma and Daingnet people. The language has common features with other languages in the region like the Chittagonian,Tanchangya,Arakanese and others. It has 483,299 speakers in Bangladesh primarily the Chittagong Hill Tracts,and another 230,000 in India,including 97,000 in Mizoram,Tripura and Arunachal Pradesh. It is written using the Chakma script,but literacy in this script is low.
Manabendra Narayan Larma was a Bangladeshi politician and member of parliament. A leading proponent of the rights of the people of the Chittagong Hill Tracts,he was the founding leader of the Parbatya Chattagram Jana Samhati Samiti and its armed wing,the Shanti Bahini.
The Chittagong Hill Tracts Peace Accord was a peace agreement signed between the Government of Bangladesh and the Parbatya Chattagram Jana Sanghati Samiti,the political organisation that controlled the Shanti Bahini militia on 2 December 1997. The accord allowed for the recognition of the rights of the peoples and tribes of the Chittagong Hill Tracts region and ended the decades-long insurgency between the Shanti Bahini and government forces.
Charu Bikash Chakma is a Bangladeshi Chakma politician who was one of the senior leaders of the political movement of the Chittagong Hill Tracts and co-founder of the Parbatya Chattagram Jana Samhati Samiti. He was an Awami League candidate in the 1970 Pakistani general election but lost to Manabendra Narayan Larma,his close friend. He met the government of independent Bangladesh in December 1971 in a failed bid to secure constitutional safeguards for indigenous people of Bangladesh. He was a leader of the Chakma Jubak Samity.
The insurgency in the Chittagong Hill Tracts,also known as the Chittagong Hill Tracts conflict,refers to a political and armed conflict that occurred in Bangladesh in two phases:
Wadud Bhuiyan is a Bangladeshi politician. Bhuiyan was elected twice as the member of the Jatiya Sangsad from Khagrachari constituency respectively in the 6th and 8th National Parliamentary Elections. In addition,he served as Chairman of the Chittagong Hill Tracts Development Board from 2002 to 2006. He currently holds the posts of assistant employment secretary of Central Executive Committee of the Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) and president of the opposition party's Khagrachari local unit as well.
Bangladesh has experienced terrorism in the past conducted by a number of different organisations. In the past,both ISIL and other terrorist organisations had claimed to be active in the country. However,the Bangladeshi government believes that they mainly operated through local affiliates,before being neutralised by security forces.
The Constituent Assembly of Bangladesh was the first and,to date,the only constitution-making body of Bangladesh,convened in 1972 by the government of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman following the country's independence. It comprised representatives elected in the national and provincial council elections of Pakistan held in 1970.
Rangamati Science and Technology University is a public university located in Rangamati,Bangladesh,commonly known as RMSTU. It was established in 2014.
Chakma or Changma is an Indian and Bangladeshi surname that may refer to
Mong Prue Sain was the king of the Mong Circle,one of three circles;the others being the Chakma Circle and the Bohmong Circle. He was a member of the Central Committee of Bangladesh Krishak Sramik Awami League,the one-party government of Bangladesh created by the Awami League,and governor of Khagrachari District.
Birendra Kishore Roaza was a Tripuri social activist and politician who represented the Chittagong Hill Tracts in the 1954 East Bengal Legislative Assembly election. He was the first Jumma member of the East Bengal Legislative Assembly.
Nathan Lancheo Bom is a Bawm politician and militant leader from the Chittagong Hill Tracts who is the founding president of the Kuki-Chin National Front (KNF),as well as the leader of the Kuki-Chin National Army (KNA). He founded KNF in 2017. Since then,his location remains unknown.
The United People's Democratic Front (Democratic) (abbreviated asUPDF-D;Bengali:ইউনাইটেডপিপলসডেমোক্রেটিকফ্রন্ট(গণতান্ত্রিক)),also referred to as the United People's Democratic Front (Ganatantrik) or the UPDF-Ganatantrik,is a regional political party based in the Chittagong Hill Tracts of Chittagong,Bangladesh. It claims that it wants to seek autonomy for the Chittagong Hill Tracts through democratic and peaceful means.
The Parbatya Chattagram Jana Samhati Samiti (MN Larma) (Bengali:পার্বত্যচট্টগ্রামজনসংহতিসমিতি(এমএনলারমা);United People's Party of the Chittagong Hill Tracts (MN Larma);abbreviated PCJSS-MN Larma),also known as the Jana Samhati Samiti (MN Larma) and JSS-MN Larma,is a regional political party in the Chittagong Hill Tracts of Chittagong,Bangladesh. PCJSS-MN Larma is named after M. N. Larma,the founding leader of the PCJSS. Whilst the PCJSS demands the full implementation of the 1997 Chittagong Hill Tracts Peace Accord,the PCJSS-MN Larma still demands autonomy for the Chittagong Hill Tracts. They are allegedly allied to the United People's Democratic Front (Democratic).
