The president of the Republic of China (ROC), also known as the president of Taiwan, is the head of state of the Republic of China, commonly known as Taiwan, as well as the commander-in-chief of the Republic of China Armed Forces. Before 1949 the position had the authority of ruling over Mainland China, but after communist victory in the Chinese Civil War, the remaining jurisdictions of the ROC have been limited to Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen, Matsu, and smaller islands.
The premier of China, officially the premier of the State Council of the People's Republic of China, is the head of government of the People's Republic of China and leader of the State Council. This post was established in 1911 near the end of the Qing dynasty, but the current post dates to 1954, five years after the establishment of the PRC. The premier is the second-highest ranking person in China's political system after the general secretary of the Chinese Communist Party /president, and holds the highest rank in the civil service of the central government.
The Constitution of the Republic of China is the fifth and current constitution of the Republic of China (ROC), ratified by the Kuomintang during the Constituent National Assembly session on 25 December 1946, in Nanking, and adopted on 25 December 1947. The constitution, along with its Additional Articles, remains effective in ROC-controlled territories.
The Premier of the Republic of China, officially the President of the Executive Yuan, is the head of government of Taiwan and leader of the Executive Yuan. The premier is nominally the principal advisor to the president and positioned as the head of central government, appointed by the president without approval by the Legislative Yuan. The current president of the Executive Yuan is Cho Jung-tai, who took office on 20 May 2024.
The Executive Yuan is the executive branch of the government of the Republic of China (Taiwan). Under the amended constitution, the head of the Executive Yuan is the Premier who is positioned as the head of government and has the power to appoint members to serve in the cabinet, while the ROC President is the head of state under the semi-presidential system, who can appoint the Premier and nominate the members of the cabinet. The Premier may be removed by a vote of no-confidence by a majority of the Legislative Yuan, after which the President may either remove the Premier or dissolve the Legislative Yuan and initiate a new election for legislators.
Joseph Wu Jaushieh is a Taiwanese politician currently serving as the Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Taiwan (ROC) under former President Tsai Ing-wen and current President William Lai since February 26, 2018. He was formerly the Secretary-General to the President of Taiwan and the Secretary-General of the National Security Council of Taiwan. From 2007 to 2008, he was Chief Representative of Taiwan to the United States as the head of the Taipei Economic and Cultural Representative Office in Washington, D.C., having been appointed to that position by President Chen Shui-bian to succeed his predecessor, David Lee. On February 26, 2018, he succeeded Lee as the Minister of Foreign Affairs.
The National Science and Technology Council is a statutory agency of Executive Yuan of the Republic of China (Taiwan) for the promotion and funding of academic research, development of science and technology and science parks. NSTC is a member of Belmont Forum.
Lai Ching-te, also known as William Lai, is a Taiwanese politician and former physician who is currently serving as the 8th president of the Republic of China (Taiwan) since May 2024. He is the third member of the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) to assume the office of president and the first whose predecessor was also a DPP member. He is also the third incumbent vice president to succeed to the presidency and the first to assume the office through election instead of immediate succession. He has also served as the chair of the DPP since 2023.
Cho Jung-tai is a Taiwanese politician who is the premier of the Republic of China (Taiwan) since 2024. He served on the Taipei City Council from 1990 to 1998, when he was first elected to the Legislative Yuan. Cho remained a legislator through 2004, when he was appointed deputy secretary-general to the president during the Chen Shui-bian administration. During Frank Hsieh's 2008 presidential bid, Cho assumed the post of Secretary-General of the Democratic Progressive Party. He returned to public service in 2017, as secretary-general of the Executive Yuan under Premier William Lai. In 2019, Cho succeeded Tsai Ing-wen as leader of the Democratic Progressive Party. He remained leader of the party until May 2020, when Tsai resumed the role.
Jiang Yi-huah is a Taiwanese politician and former Premier of the Republic of China (Taiwan). On 29 November 2014, he tendered his resignation and was succeeded by Mao Chi-kuo on 8 December 2014.
Chang San-cheng is a Taiwanese politician who has been the mayor of Taoyuan City since 25 December 2022. He was premier of Taiwan from 1 February 2016 until 20 May 2016, appointed by President Ma Ying-jeou. Before assuming the premiership, he had served as vice premier from 8 December 2014 under the Mao Chi-kuo cabinet. Chang was the first nonpartisan premier of Taiwan.
Lee Shu-chuan is a Taiwanese politician. Currently, he is serving as the deputy mayor of Taipei. He was also the deputy mayor of Kaohsiung from 25 December 2018 to 12 June 2020. He previously served in multiple positions within the Taipei County Government, and was Secretary-General of the Executive Yuan from 2014 to 2015, when he was named the Secretary-General of the Kuomintang. He stepped down from that position when his term ended in March 2016.
Shen Jong-chin is a Taiwanese politician. He was the Vice Premier of Taiwan from 19 June 2020 to 30 January 2023.
Shih Jun-ji is a Taiwanese economist and politician. He served as the second chairman of the Financial Supervisory Commission from 2006 to 2007 after Kong Jaw-sheng was removed from office. Shih served concurrently as Governor of Taiwan Province and minister without portfolio in 2016. Later that year, he was named chair of the Taiwan Stock Exchange. In 2017, he took office as Vice Premier of Taiwan under the Lai cabinet. Chen Chi-mai succeeded Shih as vice premier in 2019.
Chen Mei-ling is a Taiwanese politician. She was the Minister of National Development Council in 2017–2020 and the Secretary-General of the Executive Yuan in 2016-2017.
Cheng Li-chun is a Taiwanese politician who is the vice premier of Taiwan since 2024. Before her vice premiership, she served as the minister of Culture from 2016 to 2020.
Wu Tsung-tsong is a Taiwanese politician who served as Minister without Portfolio and the Minister of Science and Technology Council of Taiwan.
Li Meng-yen is a Taiwanese politician. He has served as the minister of Transportation and Communications from May to August 2024 and secretary-general of the Executive Yuan from January 2019 to May 2024. In an acting capacity, he was mayor of Tainan from September 2017 to December 2018 and Executive Yuan spokesperson from November 2020 to February 2021.
The Ministry of Digital Affairs is a cabinet-level governmental body of Taiwan, in charge of all policy and regulation of information, telecommunications, communications, information security, and the internet in Taiwan.
