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References
- ↑ John Victor Tolan Medieval Christian perceptions of Islam Page 420 2000 "For medieval Christians. Islam presented a series of disquieting challenges. Epic poets imagined Muslim ... either of demonic hostility or of chivalric ideals, while polemics wrote theological refutations, often defaming the Prophet."
- ↑ Muslim-Christian polemic during the Crusades R. Y. Ebied, David Richard Thomas, Shams al-Dīn Muḥammad ibn Abī Ṭālib Dimashqī - 2005 "This edition and English translation of the fourteenth century correspondence between Cypriot Christians and the Muslim Ibn Ab lib al-Dimashq is a significant example of later medieval Christian-Muslim polemic that affords an invaluable "
- ↑ David Richard Thomas Early Muslim polemic against Christianity: Abū ʻĪsá al-Warrāq's "Against the Trinity" Muḥammad ibn Hārūn Warrāq, - 2002
- ↑ Oddbjorn Leirvik - 2010 "As a post-Christian religion, which has included much of the Christian heritage, Islam challenges Christianity by ... and argue against the reliability of the Christian sources, culminating in the medieval polemic of Ibn Hazm.
- ↑ The ambivalence of interreligious experience: Riccoldo da Monte Page 147 Rita George Tvrtkovic, University of Notre Dame - 2007 "Medieval Theology of Islam: Method Amos Funkenstein describes four kinds of medieval Christian anti-Jewish polemic: the classic dialogi cum Judaeis argument; rationalistic polemic attempting to “prove” Christian doctrine; attacking the attacking the Talmud; using the Talmud to demonstrate the truth of Christianity.458 To an extent, these four methods of argumentation are similar to those used by medieval Christians against Islam. This should not be surprising, ...
- ↑ Philippe Bobichon,"Juifs et convertis engagés dans les controverses médiévales", in D. Iancu-Agou (dir.), Les juifs méditerranéns au Moyen âge : culture et prosopographie, Paris, Cerf, 2010, pp. 83-125