Christine Sun Kim

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Christine Sun Kim
Christine Sun Kim by Eriver Hijano.jpg
Christine Sun Kim by Ériver Hijano, 2022
Born1980 (1980)
NationalityAmerican
EducationRochester Institute of Technology, School of Visual Arts in New York, Bard College
OccupationSound artist
Known forSound art, performance, American Sign Language activism
SpouseThomas Mader
Children2
Awards
Website christinesunkim.com

Christine Sun Kim (born 1980) is an American sound artist, performer and activist based in Berlin. [1] [2] Working predominantly in drawing, performance, and video, Kim's art practice considers how sound operates in society. [3] Musical notation, written language, American Sign Language (ASL), and the use of the body are all recurring elements in her work. [4] Her work has been exhibited in major cultural institutions internationally, including in the Museum of Modern Art's first exhibition about sound in 2013 [5] and the Whitney Biennial in 2019. [6] She was named a TED Fellow in both 2013 and 2015, a Director's Fellow at MIT Media Lab in 2015, [7] [8] [9] and a Ford Foundation Disability Futures Fellow in 2020. [10]

Contents

Background, education, and early career

Christine Sun Kim was born in 1980 and raised in Southern California with hearing parents and a deaf sister. [11] Her first language is American Sign Language. She has been profoundly deaf since birth. She attended University High School in Irvine, California, and graduated from Rochester Institute of Technology in 2002 with a degree in Interdisciplinary Studies. [12] Kim originally wanted to study graphic design but was told that there weren't interpreters for the studio art courses and she would have to attend classes which already included Deaf students. [13]

Only later, was Kim able to attend masters programs which allowed her to explore art. [13] She received a Master of Fine Arts in Visual Art from the School of Visual Arts in New York in 2006, and later completed another MFA in Sound and Music from Bard College in 2013. [14] [15] [16]

In addition, Kim worked at the Whitney Museum from 2008 to 2014. While there, she established "Deaf-led programs and resources" for Deaf museum visitors. [17] [13]

Work

Kim's artwork is multidisciplinary and includes "drawings, videos, installations and performances." [13] Kim investigates the operations of sound and various aspects of Deaf culture in her performances, videos, and drawings. In developing her personal visual language, Kim draws from a variety of information systems. [18] She uses elements from these systems such as body language, American Sign Language (ASL), musical and graphic notation, and language interpretation, inventing new structures for her compositions and extending each source's scope of communication. [19] She further uses sound to explore her own relationship to verbal languages and her environment. Through her work, she gains control of voice and sound, seeking to release them from social conventions. [20]

Close Readings

Christine Sun Kim first experimented working with video in 2015 with her work Close Readings. The work explores closed captioning and how the choices made affect the experience of watching. [21] Kim had four of her deaf friends recreate scenes from The Addams Family, Ghost, and The Little Mermaid by reading only the subtitles. [22] The work reverses the traditional power dynamic between auditory media and Deaf audience by obscuring the upper half of the image, forcing a hearing audience to instead rely on the Deaf provided captions.

The Sound of

Kim uses sound to explore her feelings in a unique way, as writer Molly Hannon addresses. [22] Kim's series of drawing, "The Sound of," was exhibited at Rubin Museum of Art. "It all goes back to my experience watching the film, Kumiko, The Treasure Hunter." said Kim. [23] Even though there was not much dialogue, she was fascinated by how detailed and descriptive the captions of the movie were. [24] She started to wonder if she was able to portray the sound of intangible objects like emotions or senses. This has become the essential reason she created this series. [23] She takes traditional music dynamics and refashions them into music notes. [25] In one of her drawings, The Sound of Obsessing, Kim uses the symbol "p" to represent the sound of piano and indicate the note is played quietly. As more "p" appears, the notes are played more quietly. Kim concretizes abstract ideas. She believes that obsession has a repetitive pattern and can take up a person's mind. She illustrates this pattern with the "p"s. "As time goes on, the obsession quickens, represented by the shrinking distance of p's. Finally, at the end, the p's are crowded and your mind is racing non-stop. You become totally engrossed with your obsession." [26]

Degrees of Deaf Rage

In 2018, Christine Sun Kim created a collection of six charcoal drawings on paper that explore "navigating the hearing world as a deaf person" shown in her series titled Degrees of Deaf Rage. [27] The drawings depict various degrees of angles (acute rage, legit rage, obtuse rage, straight up rage, reflex rage, full on rage), each labeled with rage-inducing experiences Kim experiences as a Deaf person. [27] She states, "Deaf rage is a real thing. In the Deaf community, it's something we know so well because we've all gone through it." [28] She hopes to "communicate to a wider audience who are not deaf" and are unfamiliar with her culture, [29] as Deaf people are a cultural entity and not just a group of isolated people who have impaired hearing. [30] Kim uses familiar and relatable formats in Degrees of Deaf Rage so that her "deaf ideas" are easily understandable and accessible to hearing individuals as she explains, "It's like mathematical angles. How much rage do I have? You can see it in that size of the angle". [29]

Deaf Rage was shown in 2019 at the Whitney Biennial, until Kim, along with seven other participants, withdrew her work as a protest against a board member's ties to tear gas used at the Mexican-US border against migrants. [31] The board member, Warren Kanders, resigned as a result of this and other protests. [32]

Notable performances

In 2015, she presented a TED Talk at a TED fellows retreat focusing on her relationship to sound, and how she has come to discover similarities between American Sign Language and music. She discussed how she felt that sound does not have to be solely experienced through auditory means. [33]

In 2020, she performed at Super Bowl LIV signing the American national anthem. [17] This began an annual partnership between the National Football League (NFL) and the National Association of the Deaf (NAD). [34] She later penned an op-ed in The New York Times criticizing Fox Sports for cutting away during her American Sign Language performances of "America the Beautiful" and the national anthem. [35]

Exhibitions

Solo exhibitions, performances and projects

Group exhibitions

Personal life

Kim is married to German artist Thomas Mader. The couple have two children. [17]

References

  1. Furman, Anna (May 21, 2019). "An Artist Who Channels Her Anger Into Pie Charts". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved September 25, 2019.
  2. "Christine Sun Kim". Smithsonian American Art Museum. Retrieved February 15, 2025.
  3. Corapi, Sarah (January 29, 2015). "Deaf Since Birth, Artist Christine Sun Kim Explores the Social Rules of Sound". PBS NewsHour . Retrieved March 7, 2015.
  4. "Christine Sun Kim: Too Much Future". Whitney Museum. Retrieved September 25, 2019.
  5. "Soundings". Museum of Modern Art. Retrieved September 25, 2019.
  6. "Whitney Biennial 2019". Whitney Museum. Retrieved March 9, 2019.
  7. "How Christine Sun Kim, Deaf Sound Artist, Hears Everything". The Daily Beast. June 1, 2015. Retrieved June 8, 2016.
  8. "SVA Alumnus Christine Sun Kim Awarded TED Fellowship". SVA Close Up. Retrieved June 8, 2016.
  9. "New-Christine". MIT Media Lab Director's Fellows. Retrieved October 12, 2019.
  10. "Disability Futures Fellows". Ford Foundation. Retrieved November 3, 2020.
  11. "Christine Sun Kim: 'I'm Not Trying to Be a Freak Show'". The Guardian. November 25, 2015. Retrieved June 8, 2016.
  12. Murad, Susan L. (Fall–Winter 2011). "Alumni Profiles" (PDF). Focus: 15. Retrieved December 4, 2015.
  13. 1 2 3 4 Friedman, Ann (2021). "Christine Sun Kim: On What Listening Looks Like". The Gentlewoman. Retrieved February 28, 2025.
  14. College, Bard. "Bard MFA Thesis Exhibition and Presentations, July 22–29". Bard College. Retrieved June 8, 2016.
  15. "The Aural Artist". Interview Magazine. December 14, 2015. Retrieved June 8, 2016.
  16. "Art or Sound: Christine Sun Kim's Ownership of Sound". Sound of Life. Retrieved February 28, 2025.
  17. 1 2 3 D'Souza, Aruna (February 14, 2025). "An Artist Expands the Landscape of Sound". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved February 15, 2025.
  18. 1 2 "Carroll / Fletcher presents Christine Sun Kim at Frieze London 2016". Art Agenda. Retrieved March 11, 2017.
  19. "Christine Sun Kim". Carroll / Fletcher. Retrieved March 27, 2019.
  20. "Christine Sun Kim Speaking Bio and Videos". The Lavin Agency Speakers Bureau. Retrieved March 27, 2019.
  21. Solomon, Tessa (September 18, 2020). "Smithsonian American Art Museum Acquires Its First Sound Installation". ARTnews. Retrieved February 28, 2025.
  22. 1 2 Hannon, Molly (June 2015). "How Christine Sun Kim, Deaf Sound Artist, Hears Everything" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on June 4, 2020.
  23. 1 2 Christine Sun Kim: The World is Sound, June 27, 2017, retrieved June 4, 2020
  24. "X-TRA". X-TRA. Retrieved June 4, 2020.
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  27. 1 2 Furman, Anna (May 21, 2019). "An Artist Who Channels Her Anger Into Pie Charts". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved April 12, 2021.
  28. "Expressing Rage Through Angles and Pie Charts With Berlin-based Artist Christine Sun Kim". Freunde von Freunden. August 9, 2019. Retrieved April 12, 2021.
  29. 1 2 "Artist Christine Sun Kim on 'Deaf Rage,' the Super Bowl and the Power of Sound". The World from PRX. February 10, 2020. Retrieved April 12, 2021.
  30. Rutherford, Susan (1988). "The Culture of American Deaf People" . Sign Language Studies. 59: 129–147. doi:10.1353/sls.1988.0022. S2CID   144128835 via Project MUSE.
  31. Moynihan, Colin (July 20, 2019). "Eight Artists Withdraw From Whitney Biennial Over Board Member's Ties to Tear Gas". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 10, 2025. Retrieved February 15, 2025.
  32. Pogrebin, Robin; Harris, Elizabeth (July 25, 2019). "Warren Kanders Quits Whitney Board After Tear Gas Protests". The New York Times . Archived from the original on October 19, 2021. Retrieved January 31, 2020.
  33. Kim, Christine Sun (October 28, 2015), The Enchanting Music of Sign Language , retrieved April 19, 2021
  34. "Christine Sun Kim, the Transgressive Deaf Artist, Will Sign the National Anthem Alongside Demi Lovato During the Super Bowl". Artnet News. January 28, 2020. Retrieved February 5, 2020.
  35. Kim, Christine Sun (February 3, 2020). "Opinion: I Performed at the Super Bowl. You Might Have Missed Me". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved February 5, 2020.
  36. "Visual Arts Center – Department of Art and Art History – The University of Texas at Austin" . Retrieved March 26, 2019.
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  41. "Christine Sun Kim › One Week of Lullabies for Roux". Christine Sun Kim. Retrieved March 26, 2019.
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  50. "Christine Sun Kim: All Day All Night". Whitney Museum. Retrieved July 4, 2025.
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