The Russo-Turkish War of 1672–1681, a war between the Tsardom of Russia and Ottoman Empire, caused by Turkish expansionism in the second half of the 17th century. Is the largest and one of the most important series of military campaigns before the Great Turkish War.
Chyhyryn is a city in Cherkasy Raion, Cherkasy Oblast, central Ukraine. It is located on Tiasmyn river not far where it enters Dnieper.
Ivan Samoylovych was the Hetman of Left-bank Ukraine from 1672 to 1687. His term in office was marked by further incorporation of the Cossack Hetmanate into the Tsardom of Russia and by attempts to win Right-bank Ukraine from Poland–Lithuania.
Petro Dorofiiovich Doroshenko was a Cossack political and military leader, Hetman of Right-bank Ukraine (1665–1672) and a Russian voivode.
Ivan Dmytrovych Sirko was a Zaporozhian Cossack military leader, Koshovyi Otaman of the Zaporozhian Host and putative co-author of the famous semi-legendary Cossack letter to the Ottoman sultan that inspired the major painting Reply of the Zaporozhian Cossacks by the 19th-century artist Ilya Repin.
The Russo-Polish War of 1654–1667, also called the Thirteen Years' War, Muscovite War of 1654–1667 and the First Northern War, was a major conflict between the Tsardom of Russia and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. Between 1655 and 1660, the Swedish invasion was also fought in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and so the period became known in Poland as "The Deluge".
The Ruin is a historical term introduced by the Cossack chronicle writer Samiilo Velychko (1670–1728) for the political situation in Ukrainian history during the second half of the 17th century.
The siege of Hlukhiv was a battle of the Muscovite–Polish War (1654–1667). Near the site of the present-day city of Hlukhiv in Ukraine, the forces of the Polish King John II Casimir, numbering around 50,000–53,000 men, unsuccessfully besieged the Muscovite–Ukrainian Garrison of Hlukhiv and finally retreated under pressure from the Muscovite and Ukrainian Armies under the command of the Muscovite Prince Grigory Romodanovsky and the Ukrainian Hetman Ivan Briukhovetsky. The siege and the following retreat, during which the Crown Army and Crimean Tatars became the target of the Muscovite and Ukrainian attacks with around 45,000 men, proved to be one of the worst defeats in the whole course of war. The Polish King John II Casimir survived and was able to escape from the battlefield.
The Battle of Podhajce was fought in the town of Podhajce in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, and the area surrounding it as part of the Polish-Tartar War and the Great Turkish War. The army of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth under John III Sobieski, totaling around 9,000 men, defeated Tatar and Cossack forces under Petro Doroshenko and Adil Giray, which totaled around 35,000 men.
Ottoman Ukraine, Khan Ukraine, Hanshchyna was a region of right-bank Ukraine, which came under Ottoman suzerainty in the aftermath of Petro Doroshenko's union with the sultan. It is also known by its Turkic name Yedisan. The first recorded use of the term Khanska Ukraina is traced to 1737 when the Russian secret agent Lupul urged Empress Anna of Russia to attack Ottoman Ukraine.
The Correspondence between the Ottoman sultan and the Cossacks, also variously known as the Correspondence between the Cossacks and the Ottoman/Turkish sultan, is a collection of apocryphal letters claiming to be between a sultan of the Ottoman Empire and a group of Cossacks, originally associated with the city of Chyhyryn, Ukraine, but later with Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine.
Battle of Buzhyn was a battle of 27–28 August 1677 between the Russian-Ukrainian army under the command of Prince Grigory Romodanovsky and Hetman Ivan Samoilovich, and the Turkish-Crimean troops of Ibrahim Pasha ("Shaitan") and Khan Selim-Girey during the Russo-Turkish War (1676–1681). It took place on the coastal bridgehead near Buzhyn, near the Dnieper crossing and 20 kilometres north of Chyhyryh.
Left Bank Uprising or Bryukhovetsky Uprising was an uprising of Cossacks dissatisfied with the Andrusov truce against the tsarist government. A series of military failures of the Crimean-Cossack army led to the entry of the left-bank Ukraine into the Russian Tsardom, on the rights of autonomy
The Battle of Sich or Stand on the Sich took place between the Ottoman-Crimean army led by Pasha Kara-Muhammad and the Zaporozhian Cossacks led by Ivan Sirko, on the Lobodukha tract between islands, outside of Sich, in c. June 1680.
The Crimean Campaign took place between the Crimean-Ottoman forces and the Zaporozhian Cossacks together with their allies, during the Zaporozhian Cossack campaign into Crimea, in September 1675.
The Right-Bank Uprising was initiated by Right-Bank peasantry, supported by Cossack-Russian troops against Right-Bank Hetman Pavlo Teteria and Poland-Lithuania in January 1664–1665.
The Siege of Azov, in Russian historiography known as Azov sitting or Azov Crisis was a series of conflicts over control of Azov fortress between Don-Zaporozhian Cossacks and Ottoman-Crimean-Nogai forces from 21 April 1637 to 30 April 1642.
The Siege of Perekop took place between the Crimean-Ottoman Janissary forces and the Cossack-Russian forces together with their Kalmyk allies, with destruction of Perekop and surrounding settlements, between 11 October to 16 December 1663.
The Sloboda-Dnieper Campaign was organised and carried out by Zaporozhian Cossack rebel leader Ivan Sirko against Tsardom of Russia as part of Left-Bank Uprising, from 4 March to May 1668.
The Siege of Buzhin was conducted by the Polish-Lithuanian-Crimean forces against the Cossack-Russian garrison of Buzhin, from 7 to 13 April 1664.
Left-Bank Hetmanate 
Tsardom of Russia 
Zaporozhian Sich 
Ottoman Empire 
Crimean Khanate