A cine lens, short for cinema lens, is a specialized optical device designed specifically for motion picture production. Unlike standard photographic lenses, cine lenses are built to meet the rigorous demands of filmmaking, offering precise control over focus, aperture, and other key elements essential to cinematic storytelling. Known for their superior build quality, smooth operation, and ability to maintain sharpness and clarity across various focal lengths, cine lenses are engineered for high-end professional use in film and television production. They often feature consistent aperture settings, minimal focus breathing, and reliable manual controls, making them indispensable tools for cinematographers seeking to achieve the artistic vision and technical excellence required in the world of visual storytelling.
While still photo lenses and cine lenses are fundamentally similar in that an array of optics is housed in a variety of cylinders that actuate precisely to manipulate zoom, focus, and iris, there are a few key differences between the two styles of lenses that are worthy of note.
Typically, cinema lenses are designed with robustness and consistency in mind. Standing up to the rigors of production environment require thoughtful design with more durable, reliable materials and methods than typical consumer-grade photo lenses. Modern cinema lenses feature standardized zoom, focus, and iris gears for interfacing with a wide range of third-part accessories such as motors or follow-focus. The mechanical design of the focus and zoom movement benefit from extended travel for a greater control and precision while filming. The physical size, shape, and weight of cine lenses, while typically larger and heavier than still-photo lenses, is ideally consistent across a manufacturer's product line to streamline swapping lenses during a production.
The optical design of a cine lens is arguably more similar to still-photo lenses than the mechanical design. This is the reason that it is not uncommon for still-photo lenses to be repurposed as cinema lenses with minor or major modifications. Notable mentions would be Century Precision Optics, Clairmont Camera, Otto Nemenz, and many more (see Cine Lens Rehousing). Other optical design considerations for cine lenses would be the correction or compensation for focus breathing, zoom tracking, and image stability while zooming and focusing. These additional considerations are opto-mechanical design accommodations with the goal of achieving the most consistent image across a range of cine lenses within a product line. Image characteristics such as color, contrast, focus falloff, bokeh, and more are all taken into consideration when designing a cine lens.
Anamorphic lenses for cinematography may also be classified as cine lenses. [2]
The following companies produce cine lenses:
Vivitar Corporation is a manufacturer, distributor, and marketer of photographic and optical equipment originally based in Santa Monica, California. Since 2008, the Vivitar name serves as Sakar International's house brand for digital imaging, optics, mobile accessories, and audio products.
For an interchangeable lens camera, the flange focal distance (FFD) of a lens mount system is the distance from the mounting flange to the film or image sensor plane. This value is different for different camera systems. The range of this distance, which will render an image clearly in focus within all focal lengths, is usually measured to a precision of hundredths of millimetres, and is not to be confused with depth of field.
The Pentax K-mount, sometimes referred to as the "PK-mount", is a bayonet lens mount standard for mounting interchangeable photographic lenses to 35 mm single-lens reflex (SLR) cameras. It was created by Pentax in 1975, and has since been used by all Pentax 35 mm and digital SLRs and also the MILC Pentax K-01. A number of other manufacturers have also produced many K-mount lenses and K-mount cameras.
Camera & Imaging Products Association is a Japan-based organization set up in July 2002 to deal with technologies related to photography. Its members are engaged with the production of film-based and digital cameras, and other related equipment.
Lens speed is the maximum aperture diameter, or minimum f-number, of a photographic lens. A lens with a larger than average maximum aperture is called a "fast lens" because it can achieve the same exposure as an average lens with a faster shutter speed. Conversely, a smaller maximum aperture is "slow" because it delivers less light intensity and requires a slower (longer) shutter speed.
Anamorphic format is the cinematography technique of shooting a widescreen picture on standard 35 mm film or other visual recording media with a non-widescreen native aspect ratio. It also refers to the projection format in which a distorted image is "stretched" by an anamorphic projection lens to recreate the original aspect ratio on the viewing screen. The word anamorphic and its derivatives stem from the Greek anamorphoo, compound of morphé with the prefix aná.
Pierre Angénieux was a French engineer and optician, one of the inventors of the modern zoom lenses, and famous for introducing the Angénieux retrofocus.
The design of photographic lenses for use in still or cine cameras is intended to produce a lens that yields the most acceptable rendition of the subject being photographed within a range of constraints that include cost, weight and materials. For many other optical devices such as telescopes, microscopes and theodolites where the visual image is observed but often not recorded the design can often be significantly simpler than is the case in a camera where every image is captured on film or image sensor and can be subject to detailed scrutiny at a later stage. Photographic lenses also include those used in enlargers and projectors.
The Samsung NX-mount is the lens mount used on NX series mirrorless interchangeable lens cameras by Samsung. The mount was first implemented in the Samsung NX10, and Samsung initially referred to the NX line as 'hybrid digital cameras', citing their combination of attributes of both DSLR and compact cameras.
The E-mount is a lens mount designed by Sony for their NEX and ILCE series of camcorders and mirrorless cameras. The E-mount supplements Sony's α mount, allowing the company to develop more compact imaging devices while maintaining compatibility with 35mm sensors. E-mount achieves this by:
Samyang Optics is a South Korean manufacturer of camera lenses for several major brands of third-party mounts for still photography and video cameras. The company was founded in 1972 and has about 150 employees. Samyang exports to 58 countries through 39 overseas agents and distributors.
Iscorama was a trademark applied by ISCO Optics of Göttingen to a series of consumer-grade anamorphic lenses manufactured between the late 1960s and the beginning of the 21st century. These lenses were notable for their high optical quality and unique focusing characteristics, and with the advent of DSLR-based film making have attracted much interest from independent cinematographers and directors.
The Fujifilm X-mount is a lens mount for Fujifilm interchangeable lens mirrorless cameras in its X-series, designed for 23.6mm x 15.6mm APS-C sensors.
The Samyang 8mm F3.5 UMC Fish-Eye CS II is a fisheye photographic lens using the stereographic projection and is designed for crop factor APS-C DSLRs. It is made in South Korea by Samyang Optics and marketed under several brand names besides Samyang, including Bower, Falcon, Polar, Pro-Optic, Rokinon, Vivitar and Walimex Pro. There are versions for the Canon EF, Fujifilm X, Nikon F, MFT, Pentax K, Samsung NX, Sony E, Sony α/Minolta A mounts.
The Sony Zeiss Sonnar T* FE 35mm F2.8 ZA is a wide-angle full-frame prime lens for the Sony E-mount. It was announced by Sony on October 13, 2015.
Angénieux is a French manufacturer of photographic and cinematographic lenses. The main markets are cinema, television, space travel and medicine. The company is part of the Thales Group, which represents Angénieux in 48 countries. The company is headquartered in Saint-Héand, near Saint-Étienne in France.
The Canon RF lens mount is an interchangeable-lens mount developed by Canon for its full-frame mirrorless interchangeable-lens cameras, and featured first by the EOS R, followed by the EOS RP. The RF mount was announced in September 2018. In May 2022, Canon announced APS-C EOS R cameras and RF-S lenses designed for these cameras.