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The University of Guelph Arboretum is an arboretum organized by the University of Guelph in Guelph,Ontario. It was formally established in 1970 by the university and aims to conserve biodiversity and connect people with nature through teaching,research,and community outreach. The space is 165 hectares and is open throughout the year.
Agricultural and Forest Meteorology is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering research on the relationships between meteorology and the fields of plant,animal,and soil sciences,ecology,and biogeochemistry. The editor-in-chief is Claudia Wagner-Riddle.
The environmental impact of agriculture is the effect that different farming practices have on the ecosystems around them,and how those effects can be traced back to those practices. The environmental impact of agriculture varies widely based on practices employed by farmers and by the scale of practice. Farming communities that try to reduce environmental impacts through modifying their practices will adopt sustainable agriculture practices. The negative impact of agriculture is an old issue that remains a concern even as experts design innovative means to reduce destruction and enhance eco-efficiency. Animal agriculture practices tend to be more environmentally destructive than agricultural practices focused on fruits,vegetables and other biomass. The emissions of ammonia from cattle waste continue to raise concerns over environmental pollution.
Agricultural pollution refers to biotic and abiotic byproducts of farming practices that result in contamination or degradation of the environment and surrounding ecosystems,and/or cause injury to humans and their economic interests. The pollution may come from a variety of sources,ranging from point source water pollution to more diffuse,landscape-level causes,also known as non-point source pollution and air pollution. Once in the environment these pollutants can have both direct effects in surrounding ecosystems,i.e. killing local wildlife or contaminating drinking water,and downstream effects such as dead zones caused by agricultural runoff is concentrated in large water bodies.
The College of Engineering and Physical Sciences (CEPS),is one of seven faculties –referred to as “colleges”–at the University of Guelph in Ontario,Canada. CEPS operates on the University of Guelph main campus,one of four across Ontario,and has one of the largest faculty,staff,and student populations of the seven colleges at U of G.
Daycent is a daily time series biogeochemical model used in agroecosystems to simulate fluxes of carbon and nitrogen between the atmosphere,vegetation,and soil. It is a daily version of the CENTURY biogeochemical model.
Climate change has far reaching impacts on the natural environment and people of Finland. Finland was among the top five greenhouse gas emitters in 2001,on a per capita basis. Emissions increased to 58.8 million tonnes in 2016. Finland needs to triple its current cuts to emissions in order to be carbon neutral by 2035. Finland relies on coal and peat for its energy,but plans to phase out coal by 2029. Finland has a target of carbon neutrality by the year 2035 without carbon credits. The policies include nature conservation,more investments in trains,changes in taxation and more sustainable wood burning. After 2035 Finland will be carbon negative,meaning soaking more carbon than emitting.
Karen Beauchemin is a federal scientist in Canada who is recognized as an international authority on methane emissions and ruminant nutrition. Her research helps develop farming techniques that improve how we raise cattle for meat and milk,while reducing the environmental impacts of livestock production.
Elizabeth Pattey is a principal research scientist at Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC) and the leader of the micrometeorology laboratory at the Ottawa Research and Development Centre. Her research supports nationwide improvement in the environmental performance of agriculture,in support of the United Nations' Framework Convention on Climate Change and Canada’s Clean Air Act. She is the co-author for over 80 peer-reviewed scientific publications,and her areas of expertise include trace gas flux measurement techniques,process-based models,and remote-sensing applications.
Paludiculture is wet agriculture and forestry on peatlands. Paludiculture combines the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions from drained peatlands through rewetting with continued land use and biomass production under wet conditions. “Paludi”comes from the Latin “palus”meaning “swamp,morass”and "paludiculture" as a concept was developed at Greifswald University. Paludiculture is a sustainable alternative to drainage-based agriculture,intended to maintain carbon storage in peatlands. This differentiates paludiculture from agriculture like rice paddies,which involve draining,and therefore degrading wetlands.
Carbon farming is a set of agricultural methods that aim to store carbon in the soil,crop roots,wood and leaves. The technical term for this is carbon sequestration. The overall goal of carbon farming is to create a net loss of carbon from the atmosphere. This is done by increasing the rate at which carbon is sequestered into soil and plant material. One option is to increase the soil's organic matter content. This can also aid plant growth,improve soil water retention capacity and reduce fertilizer use. Sustainable forest management is another tool that is used in carbon farming. Carbon farming is one component of climate-smart agriculture. It is also one way to remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.
Mercedes Bustamante is a biologist born in Chile. Most of her work takes place in the savannah regions in Brazil called the cerrado biome. Her area of interests are studying large scale impacts on the environment,land usage and biogeochemistry. Since 1994 she has been a professor at the University of Brasília (UnB),where she is currently the Graduate Coordinator of the Ecology Department. She is a member of the Climate Crisis Advisory Group.
Raymond L. Desjardins is a senior research scientist at Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC) in the Agrienvironment Division of the Ottawa Research and Development Centre. His areas of expertise include agricultural meteorology,micrometeorology,air quality,and climate change. He is a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada,was co-recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize awarded to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) in 2007,and in 2018 was appointed as Member of the Order of Canada for his research in agrometeorology and for his innovative devices to quantify greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions.
Climate-smart agriculture (CSA) is a set of farming methods that has three main objectives with regards to climate change. Firstly,they use adaptation methods to respond to the effects of climate change on agriculture. Secondly,they aim to increase agricultural productivity and to ensure food security for a growing world population. Thirdly,they try to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture as much as possible. Climate-smart agriculture works as an integrated approach to managing land. This approach helps farmers to adapt their agricultural methods to the effects of climate change.
The amount of greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture is significant:The agriculture,forestry and land use sectors contribute between 13% and 21% of global greenhouse gas emissions. Emissions come from direct greenhouse gas emissions. And from indirect emissions. With regards to direct emissions,nitrous oxide and methane makeup over half of total greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture. Indirect emissions on the other hand come from the conversion of non-agricultural land such as forests into agricultural land. Furthermore,there is also fossil fuel consumption for transport and fertilizer production. For example,the manufacture and use of nitrogen fertilizer contributes around 5% of all global greenhouse gas emissions. Livestock farming is a major source of greenhouse gas emissions. At the same time,livestock farming is affected by climate change.
Kari Edith Dunfield is a Canadian microbiologist. She is a Canada Research Chair in Environmental Microbiology of Agro-ecosystems and Professor in Applied Soil Ecology in the School of Environmental Sciences at the University of Guelph. As of 2016,she is the co-editor of the Canadian Journal of Microbiology.
Tina M. Widowski is a Canadian-American animal welfare scientist and a professor of applied animal behaviour and welfare at the University of Guelph.
Merritt Turetsky is an American ecosystem ecologist and a professor at the University of Colorado Boulder. She currently serves as the Director of Arctic Security for the University of Colorado. She served as the first woman Director of the Institute for Arctic and Alpine Research (INSTAAR) from 2019-2023. Her research considers fire regimes,climate change and biogeochemical cycling in Arctic wetlands. Turetsky is a member of the Permafrost Action Team (SEARCH),a group of scientists who translate and deliver science to decision-makers.
Manjusri Misra is an Indian engineer. She is a Tier 1 Canada Research Chair in Sustainable Biocomposites at the University of Guelph's School of Engineering. Misra is also the lead scientist at U of G's Bioproducts Discovery and Development Centre and a Fellow of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers and the Royal Society of Chemistry.
Jacqueline Murray is a Canadian medieval historian and professor emeritus of history at the University of Guelph. Her research focuses on sexuality and gender in medieval Europe,with a specific focus on masculinity and male sexuality. She has also studied marriage and the family in the Middles Ages.
References
- 1 2 3 "Claudia Wagner-Riddle". uoguelph.ca. Retrieved October 20, 2020.
- ↑ "Claudia Wagner-Riddle". soilsatguelph.ca. Retrieved October 20, 2020.
- 1 2 "U of G Members Named Women of Distinction". uoguelph.ca. May 4, 2012. Retrieved October 20, 2020.
- ↑ "The Guelph-Brazil Initiative". uoguelph.ca. Retrieved October 20, 2020.
- ↑ "SENATE MEMBERSHIP 2008-2009". uoguelph.civicweb.net. Retrieved October 20, 2020.
- ↑ "U of G Gets $4 Million for 'Green Ag' Technology". uoguelph.ca. October 14, 2011. Retrieved October 20, 2020.
- ↑ "Prof Targets Greenhouse Gases in Dairy Industry". guides.uoguelph.ca. December 12, 2011. Retrieved October 20, 2020.
- ↑ "Claudia Wagner-Riddle, PhD: Editor-in-Chief, Agricultural and Forest Meteorology". journals.elsevier.com. Retrieved October 20, 2020.
- ↑ Li, Marika (2017). "Soil Health Interpretive Centre: UNEARTHING THE SECRETS TO SOIL HEALTH". ontariograinfarmer.ca. Retrieved October 20, 2020.
- ↑ Brown, Shannon (June 18, 2018). "Dr. Claudia Wagner-Riddle awarded CSAFM Fellowship". /csafm.c. Retrieved October 20, 2020.
- ↑ "Dr. Claudia Wagner-Riddle appointed as Director of the North America regional chapter of the International Nitrogen Initiative (INI)". newswire.ca. April 21, 2020. Retrieved October 20, 2020.
- ↑ "2020 Awards and Honors Recipients". ametsoc.org. Retrieved October 20, 2020.
