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Grasse is the only subprefecture of the Alpes-Maritimes department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte-d'Azur region on the French Riviera. In 2017, the commune had a population of 50,396.
Perfume is a mixture of fragrant essential oils or aroma compounds (fragrances), fixatives and solvents, usually in liquid form, used to give the human body, animals, food, objects, and living-spaces an agreeable scent. Perfumes can be defined as substances that emit and diffuse a pleasant and fragrant odor. They consist of manmade mixtures of aromatic chemicals and essential oils. The 1939 Nobel Laureate for Chemistry, Leopold Ružička stated in 1945 that "right from the earliest days of scientific chemistry up to the present time, perfumes have substantially contributed to the development of organic chemistry as regards methods, systematic classification, and theory."
Patou, formerly known as Jean Patou or Jean Patou Paris, is a French fashion house.
Sir Brian Souter is a Scottish businessman. With his sister, Dame Ann Gloag, he founded the Stagecoach Group of bus and rail operators. He also founded the bus and coach operator Megabus, the train operating company South West Trains, his investments company Souter Holdings Ltd, and the Souter Charitable Trust.
Guerlain is a French perfume, cosmetics, and skincare house which is among the oldest in the world. Many traditional Guerlain fragrances are characterized by a common olfactory accord known as the "Guerlinade".
Coty Inc. is an American multinational beauty company founded in 1904 by François Coty. With its subsidiaries, it develops, manufactures, markets, and distributes fragrances, cosmetics, skin care, nail care, and both professional and retail hair care products. Coty owns around 40 brands as of 2024.
A perfumist is an expert on creating perfume compositions, sometimes referred to affectionately as a nose due to their fine sense of smell and skill in producing olfactory compositions. The perfumer is effectively an artist who is trained in depth on the concepts of fragrance aesthetics and who is capable of conveying abstract concepts and moods with compositions. At the most rudimentary level, a perfumer must have a keen knowledge of a large variety of fragrance ingredients and their smells, and be able to distinguish each one alone or in combination with others. They must also know how each reveals itself over time. The job of the perfumer is very similar to that of flavourists, who compose smells and flavourants for commercial food products.
The word perfume is used today to describe scented mixtures and is derived from the Latin word per fumus. The word perfumery refers to the art of making perfumes. Perfume was produced by ancient Greeks, and perfume was also refined by the Romans, the Persians and the Arabs. Although perfume and perfumery also existed in East Asia, much of its fragrances were incense based. The basic ingredients and methods of making perfumes are described by Pliny the Elder in his Naturalis Historia.
Roja Dove is a British perfumer whose fragrances are sold at department stores worldwide. Born and raised in Sussex, South East England, his career in perfumery began in 1981 when he joined the French perfume house Guerlain, working there for 20 years before leaving to set up his own companies RDPR and then Roja Parfums.
Joy is a perfume created for Parisian couturier Jean Patou by perfumer Henri Alméras in 1929. It is considered to be one of the greatest fragrances created and is a landmark example of the floral genre in perfumery. It is no longer produced.
Francis Kurkdjian is a French perfumer and businessman of Armenian descent. He is best known for creating the men's fragrance Le Male for Jean Paul Gaultier in 1995, which has become one of the world's best-selling perfumes.
Clive Christian, is a British designer best known for his designer kitchens and his creation of Clive Christian No. 1, the world's most expensive perfume.
Clive Christian No. 1 is an English fragrance that was introduced in 2001 by designer Clive Christian
Puig Brands, S.A. is a Spanish fashion and beauty company founded in 1914 by Antonio Puig Castelló in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain, and still managed by the Puig family.
Silvio Werner Denz is a Swiss businessman and art and wine collector. In the past, he worked for various companies in Switzerland and the United States in the areas of finance, retail and marketing. He is primarily known for his ventures in the hospitality and luxury industry. He acquired Lalique in 2008 and in 2022 Florhof, a historic property in the old town of Zürich, together with Peter Spuhler. This will reopen as Villa Florhof, a Lalique hotel. The Swiss business magazine Bilanz ranks him among the 300 wealthiest Swiss citizens and the 100 most important figures of the Swiss economy.
Jacques Cavallier-Belletrud is a French perfumer, formerly with the Swiss fragrance and flavor company Firmenich, who currently works for Louis Vuitton of the LVMH Luxury Group.
Byredo is a Swedish company that produces fragrances, leather goods, and accessories.
George William Septimus Piesse, known as Septimus Piesse, was an English chemist and perfumer. Piesse was a leading author and innovator of modern perfume ideas, inventing the concept of notes in perfumery that are still used universally today. He was the co-owner of Piesse and Lubin, a perfume house that created some of the most popular scents of its day.
Niche perfume is an alternative to mass perfume production. Niche is limited by the clientele and therefore with a limited sale range, thus the goal of niche houses is not to sell as much as possible. These companies are generally smaller than the major fragrance firms like Coty Inc., Puig, and Firmenich, but bigger than "indie perfume" lines that are generally owned and operated by the perfumer themselves. A private perfumer can also be contracted by independent brands to develop a niche perfume collection. Especially since the 2010s, however, the distinction has blurred as more and more niche perfume brands have been purchased by a larger parent corporation.
Christine Nagel is a Swiss perfumer. She has served as the in-house perfumer at Hermès since 2016. Prior to joining Hermès she created designer perfume hits like Narciso Rodriguez for Her and Miss Dior Chérie (2005), as well as niche perfume like Wood Sage & Sea Salt, one of 47 perfumes she created for Jo Malone London. She has been recognized with awards from the Fragrance Foundation France, the François Coty Foundation, and the Marie Claire International Fragrance Awards.
References
- 1 2 "Moulton And Souter Swoop On UK Luxury Brand". News.sky.com. Retrieved 26 December 2017.
- ↑ "Clive Christian Fragrance House". Perfumesociety.org. Retrieved 26 December 2017.
- ↑ McCormack, Derek. "Clive Christian smells expensive". Ottawacitizen.com. Retrieved 26 December 2017.
- ↑ "Clive Christian receives OBE for services to the luxury goods industry". Hellomagazine.com. 6 January 2012. Retrieved 26 December 2017.
- ↑ "Clive Christian Perfume | the Crown Perfumery Company". Archived from the original on 2017-12-26. Retrieved 2017-06-02.
- ↑ "Clive Christian". Khou.com. Archived from the original on 12 May 2017. Retrieved 26 December 2017.
- ↑ "Maker of world's dearest perfume is in the red". Independent.co.uk. 2 December 2015. Retrieved 26 December 2017.
- ↑ Burggraf, Helen (18 September 2015). "Jon Moulton consortium takes majority stake in Clive Christian lux brand - AltAssets Private Equity News". Altassets.net. Retrieved 26 December 2017.
- ↑ ""World's most expensive perfume" snapped up by Stagecoach founders and Jon Moulton - Real Business". Realbusiness.co.uk. 21 September 2015. Retrieved 26 December 2017.
- ↑ "EME Investments Acquires Majority Stake in Leading British Luxury Fragrance and Interiors Brand Clive Christian". Businesswire.com. 18 September 2015. Retrieved 26 December 2017.
- ↑ "Sir Brian Souter sells New Zealand bus interests". scotsman.com. 20 August 2019. Retrieved 16 September 2019.