Coins of the Ukrainian hryvnia were first minted in 1992. Coins were first struck in 1992 for the new currency but were not introduced until September 1996. Initially, coins valued between 1 and 50 kopiyok were issued. In March 1997, 1 hryvnia coins were added; they are however rarely seen in circulation. The note of the same value is far more commonly used. Since 2004 several commemorative 1 hryvnia coins have been struck. New coins have been produced annually since then and they make up a valuable aspect of the Ukrainian currency system. Today, circulating coins exist in denominations of 1 kopiyka (i.e. or ₴0.01), 2, 5, (all demonetised in 2019) 10, 25 (also demonetised) and 50 kopiyok, ₴1, ₴2, ₴5 and ₴10. Also minted are bullion (including gold, silver and platinum) and commemorative coins. All of these are produced by the National Bank of Ukraine.
In October 2012, the National Bank of Ukraine announced that it is examining the possibility of withdrawing the 1 and 2 kopiyky-coins from circulation; [1] the withdrawal started on 1 October 2019. The coins had become too expensive to produce compared to their nominal value. In the same month, the Bank proposed the introduction of the 2 hryvnia coin; [2] this was finally issued as a circulation coin in April 2018. [3] While 5 and 10 hryvnia coins were issued in 2019 and 2020, respectively.
Until 2001, most coins were struck by the Luhansk Cartridge Factory. [4] Also, in 1992, coins of 1, 5, 10 and 25 kopiyok were struck by the Italian mint. [5] Since 2001, all Ukrainian coins are struck at the mint of the National Bank of Ukraine.
All circulation coins have been designed by Vasyl Lopata (*1941).
Coins of the Ukrainian Hryvnia (1992–present) [6] | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Image | Value | Technical parameters | Description | Date of | ||||||||
Obverse | Reverse | Diameter | Mass | Composition | Edge | Obverse | Reverse | minting | issue | withdrawal | ||
1 kopiyka | 16. mm | 1.5 g | Stainless steel | Plain | Value, Ornaments | Ukrainian Trident | 1992–2016 | 2 September 1996 | Not issued since 1 July 2018. [7] 1, 2, and 5-kopiyka coins withdrew from general circulation on 1 October 2019. [8] | |||
2 kopiyky | 17.30 mm | 0.64 g (1992~1996) 1.8 g (2001–) | aluminium (1992–1996), stainless steel (2001–) | 1992–2014 | ||||||||
5 kopiyok | 24 mm | 4.3 g | stainless steel | Reeded | 1992–2015 | |||||||
10 kopiyok | 16.3 mm | 1.7 g | brass (1992–1996), aluminium bronze (2001–2012), brass-plated steel (2013–) | Reeded | Value, Ornaments | Ukrainian Trident | 1992~present | 2 September 1996 | Current | |||
25 kopiyok | 20.8 mm | 2.9 g | Reeded and plain sectors | 1992–2016 | Not issued since 1 July 2018. [7] 25-kopiyka coin ceased to be legal tender in Ukraine and gone out of circulation, effective 1 October 2020. [9] [10] | |||||||
50 kopiyok | 23 mm | 4.2 g | 1992~present | Current | ||||||||
1 hryvnia | 26 mm | 7.1 g (1995,1996) 6.9 g (2001–) | brass (1995,1996), aluminium bronze (2001–) | Inscription: "ОДНА ГРИВНЯ", minted year | 1992~2018 | 12 March 1997 | Current (new design introduced in 2018) | |||||
1 hryvnia | 26 mm | 6.8 g (2004-2016) | aluminium bronze (2004-2016) | Plain with incuse lettering ("ОДНА · ГРИВНЯ · Date of issue") | Inscription: Coat of arms of Ukraine; УКРАЇНА 1 ГРИВНЯ; date of issue inside a decorative wreath | Half length figure of Volodymyr the Great holding a model church and staff with legend above | 2004-2016 | 2004 | Current (new design introduced in 2018) | |||
1 hryvnia | 18.9 mm | 3.3 g | Nickel-plated steel | Reeded | Coat of Arms of Ukraine, Value, Ornaments | Volodymyr the Great | 2018 [7] | Current | ||||
2 hryvni | 20.2 mm | 4.0 g | Nickel-plated steel | Yaroslav the Wise | ||||||||
5 hryven | 22.1 mm | 5.2 g | Nickel-plated zinc | Segmented (Plain and Reeded edges) | Bohdan Khmelnytsky | 2019 [11] [7] | ||||||
10 hryven | 23.5 mm | 6.4 g | Nickel-plated zinc | Reeded | Ivan Mazepa | 2020 [7] |
The ruble or rouble is the currency of the Russian Federation. The ruble is subdivided into 100 kopecks. It is used in Russia as well as in the parts of Ukraine under Russian military occupation and in Russian-occupied parts of Georgia.
Legal tender is a form of money that courts of law are required to recognize as satisfactory payment for any monetary debt. Each jurisdiction determines what is legal tender, but essentially it is anything which when offered ("tendered") in payment of a debt extinguishes the debt. There is no obligation on the creditor to accept the tendered payment, but the act of tendering the payment in legal tender discharges the debt.
The Malaysian ringgit is the currency of Malaysia. Issued by the Central Bank of Malaysia, it is divided into 100 cents.
The Indian rupee is the official currency in India. The rupee is subdivided into 100 paise. The issuance of the currency is controlled by the Reserve Bank of India. The Reserve Bank manages currency in India and derives its role in currency management based on the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934.
The hryvnia has been the national currency of Ukraine since 2 September 1996. The hryvnia is divided into 100 kopiyok. It is named after a measure of weight used in Kievan Rus'.
The Transnistrian ruble is the currency of the internationally unrecognized state of Transnistria. It is divided into 100 kopecks.
The som is the currency of Kyrgyzstan. It was introduced in May 1993 to replace the Soviet ruble after the dissolution of the Soviet Union. It is subdivided into 100 tıyın. Initially, only banknotes were issued, but coins were introduced in 2008. The currency features denominations ranging from 1 tıyın to 5000 som.
The karbovanets or karbovanet, also known as kupon or coupon, has been a distinct unit of currency in Ukraine during three separate periods of the 20th century. It is also a predecessor currency of today's Ukrainian hryvnia. The karbovanets were subdivided into one hundred kopiykas, but no denominations in kopiykas have ever been issued.
The Bermudian dollar is the official currency of the British Overseas Territory of Bermuda. It is subdivided into 100 cents. The Bermudian dollar is not normally traded outside Bermuda, and is pegged to the United States dollar at a one-to-one ratio. Both currencies circulate in Bermuda on an equal basis.
The Kina is the currency of Papua New Guinea. It is divided into 100 toea. The name Kina is derived from Kuanua language of the Tolai region, referring to a callable pearl shell used widely for trading in both the Coastal and Highlands areas of the country.
Coins of the Indian rupee (₹) were first minted in 1950. New coins have been produced annually since then and they make up a valuable aspect of the Indian currency system. Today, circulating coins exist in denominations of One Rupee, Two Rupees, Five Rupees, Ten Rupees and Twenty Rupees. All of these are produced by four mints located across India, in Kolkata, Mumbai, Hyderabad, Noida.
The National Bank of Ukraine is the central bank of Ukraine. Created in 1991 from the Ukrainian operations of the Soviet Gosbank, the NBU employs over 12,000 people, making it one of the largest employers in the financial sector in Ukraine. It regulates and supervises activities, functions and the legal status of public and commercial banks based on the principles of the Constitution of Ukraine and the law of Ukraine.
The ruble, rouble or rubel is the currency of Belarus. It is subdivided into 100 kopecks.
Shah was the name of several currencies used in Ukraine. The forms shahy and shahiv are declensional plurals of the noun used in denominations, for example, 2 shahy, 20 shahiv.
The Swiss franc has been the currency of Liechtenstein since 1920. The Swiss franc is legal tender since Liechtenstein is in a customs and monetary union with Switzerland. The 1980 treaty between Switzerland and Liechtenstein allows Liechtenstein to mint limited amounts of Swiss francs with a Liechtenstein inscription, but only in the form of commemorative coins, and they are not allowed to issue banknotes.
Cash rounding or Swedish rounding occurs when the minimum unit of account is smaller than the lowest physical denomination of currency. The amount payable for a cash transaction is rounded to the nearest multiple of the minimum currency unit available, whereas transactions paid in other ways are not rounded. Cash rounding typically occurs when low-denomination coins are removed from circulation owing to inflation. Cash rounding may be a compulsory legal requirement if such coins are no longer legal tender, or a voluntary practice where they remain in circulation but are scarce or impractical.
The Brazilian real is the official currency of Brazil. It is subdivided into 100 centavos. The Central Bank of Brazil is the central bank and the issuing authority. The real replaced the cruzeiro real in 1994.
Uncut currency sheets are common numismatics collector's items. They are often sold as souvenirs by issuers. After cutting, usually the banknotes can be used as legal tender; however, the cost to purchase uncut currency sheets is typically higher than the aggregate face value of the cut notes.
The National Bank of Ukraine has issued four banknote series since 1996. All banknotes in denominations of ₴1, ₴2, ₴5, ₴10, ₴20, ₴50, ₴100, ₴200, ₴500 and ₴1,000 issued after 2003 are considered legal tender. All of them depict an important person in Ukraine's history on the obverse and a landmark place on the reverse. The lowest four denominations are no longer issued in banknotes and are intended to be gradually substituted by coins, though they remain common. There have been four commemorative banknote issues.
The Ukrainian hryvnia has been the national currency of Ukraine since 1996. It was briefly used in the Ukrainian People's Republic before the karbovanets was adopted as a national currency. The hryvnia is named after the grivna, which was used in Kievan Rus' and other states.