Sources
- Ghisalberti, Aldo (ed). Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani: XXX Cosattini – Crispolto. Rome, 1984.
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| Constantine I | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Judge/King of Arborea | |||||
| Reign | c.1131 | ||||
| Predecessor | Gonario II | ||||
| Successor | Comita II/III | ||||
| Died | 1131 (aged 40–41) | ||||
| Spouse | Ann of Thori | ||||
| Issue | Comita II/III, King of Arborea (possibly) | ||||
| |||||
| House | Lacon-Gunale (Serra branch) | ||||
| Father | Gonario II, King of Arborea | ||||
| Mother | Ann of Thori | ||||
Constantine I [1] (born in the second half of the 11th century) was the Judge of Arborea. He was the son of Gonario II and Elena de Orrubu. The dates of his reign are unknown, but he was probably in power at the turn of the 12th century. It was probably dominated by wars between Genoa and Pisa which lasted from 1118 to 1133.
Constantine tightened Aborea's alliance with the Republic of Pisa. His reign followed on the Gregorian reform of the papal church and its major effect on Sardinia. Like his predecessors, Constantine probably paid the annual tribute to the Holy See of 1,100 bezants. He accepted papal and Pisan suzerainty and sponsored the expanding monasticism on the island. Monasticism provided much needed technological and economic improvements, as the monks which immigrated to inhabit the new foundations and the reformed old ones brought with them collections of books and knowledge of more efficient agricultural and construction techniques, as well as connections to the wider Christian world. There is some discrepancy over the foundation of Santa Maria de Bonarcado, but it seems likely that Constantine laid its foundation around the year 1100. He put it under the authority of the Camaldolese abbey of San Zenone in Pisa instead of the monastery of Saint-Victor in Marseille, which was the great monastic power in the rival Judicate of Cagliari. According to a charter of his grandson Barison II in 1182, he founded a monastery in dedication to San Nicolas di Urgen.
Following the Condaghe di Santa Maria de Bonarcado , Constantine's wife was Anna de Zori and he left two sons: Comita II, who succeeded him by 1131, and Orzocco.
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The Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran is the Catholic cathedral of the Diocese of Rome in the city of Rome, and serves as the seat of the bishop of Rome, the pope. The archbasilica lies outside of Vatican City proper, which is located approximately four kilometres northwest. Nevertheless, as properties of the Holy See, the archbasilica and its adjoining edifices enjoy an extraterritorial status from Italy, pursuant to the terms of the Lateran Treaty of 1929. Dedicated to the Christ, in honor of John the Baptist and John the Evangelist, the place name, Laterano (Lateran) comes from an ancient Roman family (gens), whose palace (domus) grounds occupied the site; the adjacent Lateran Palace was the primary residence of the pope until the Middle Ages.
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The Judicate of Arborea or the Kingdom of Arborea was one of the four independent judicates into which the island of Sardinia was divided in the Middle Ages. It occupied the central-west portion of the island, wedged between Logudoro to the north and east, Cagliari to the south and east, and the Mediterranean Sea to the west. To the northeast and beyond Logudoro was Gallura, with which Arborea had far less interaction. Arborea outlasted her neighbours, surviving well into the 15th century. At its greatest territorial extent it occupied the entire island except the cities of Alghero and Cagliari. The earliest known judicial seat was Tharros, though Oristano served as capital for most of its existence.
Barison II or Barisone II was the "Judge" of Arborea, one of the four Judicates of Sardinia, from 1146 to 1186. He was the son of Comita II and Elena de Orrubu. His reign was groundbreaking in Sardinian history. It saw the birth of Catalan influence, the escalation of the Genoese-Pisan conflict, and the first royal investiture over the entire island when Barisone was briefly recognised as King of Sardinia by the Holy Roman Emperor from 1164 to 1165.
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