Declaration of rights and obligation of working and exploited people of Ukraine
About coat of arms and flag of Ukr.S.S.R.
Political regime
The constitution acknowledged that Ukrainian SSR and Ukraine were one and the same, particularly starting with the words in part 2, Article 6, "To the authority of the Soviet power in Ukraine are subjected:". The constitution consisted out of four parts and 35 articles.[1] The text of the constitution started with the Article 1, "The Ukrainian Socialist Soviet Republic is an organization of dictatorship of working and exploited masses of proletariat and the poorest peasantry over their ages long oppressors and exploiters, capitalists and landowners". The main task of the dictatorship was ensuring "transition from bourgeois system to socialism by carrying out socialist transformations and systematic suppression of all counter-revolutionary manifestations from the side of affluent classes".[1]
The constitution didn't formally introduce a one-party regime and guaranteed citizens' rights and freedoms to "working masses". State power was based on the principle of democratic centralism and subjected organs of local government to supreme authorities.[2]
Different categories of citizens possessed different electoral rights, with workers having a predominant position - in city councils, 100 workers were represented by 1 deputy, compared to 300 voters per one deputy among other groups. Elections to supreme organs of power were indirect, as a result of which peasants, which comprised the majority of Ukraine's population, were represented by a minority of deputies. Representatives of some groups were disenfranchised.[2]
Relations inside of the Soviet Union
The constitution didn't concern itself with relations of Ukrainian SSR with Soviet Russia, as those were regulated by other acts, most notably the Soviet Union Treaty. Following the establishment of the Soviet Union, in 1925 the document underwent a revision, and functions of several ministries, mainly in the spheres of foreign policy, military, transport and infrastructure, were transferred to all-union organs, with the rest being subjected to norms and regulations of Soviet central government.[2]
Kharkiv, Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, Soviet Union
Signatories
The 11th All-Ukrainian Congress of Soviets
Adoption
The new constitution was adopted on 15 May 1929 by the All-Ukrainian Council of Soviets. In comparison to its predecessor, it was even closer in content to similar documents from other Soviet republics.[2]
Articles
Principles
Organizations of Soviet Power
Organs of Central Power
About All-Ukrainian Congress of Soviets
About All-Ukrainian Central Executive Committee
About Presidium of All-Ukrainian Central Executive Committee
About Council of People's Commissars of the Ukrainian Socialist Soviet Republic
Organs of Local Power
About Congress of Soviets
About Executive Committees
About Soviets of Deputies
About Competence of Local Organs of Power
About electoral rights
About Budget of the Ukrainian Socialist Soviet Republic
About Coat of Arms, Flag and Capital of the Ukrainian Socialist Soviet Republic
Kyiv, Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, Soviet Union
Signatories
The 14th All-Ukrainian Congress of Soviets (extraordinary)
Adoption
The new constitution was adopted at an extraordinary congress of Soviets of Ukrainian SSR in January 1937 following the adoption of 1936 Soviet Constitution.[2]
Parts and articles
Social organization
State organization
Higher organs of state power of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic
Organs of state administration of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic
Higher organs of state power of the Moldavian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
Organs of state administration of the Moldavian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
Local organs of state power
Budget of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic
Court and the Prosecutor's Office
Principle rights and obligations of citizens
Electoral system
Coat of arms, flag, capital city
Constitutional amendments procedure
Contents
The constitution defined the basics of Socialist society and introduced the formation of all soviets on the base of direct general elections on an equal basis and with secret ballots. The organ of supreme legislative power in Ukrainian SSR according to the constitution was the Verkhovna Rada, and local government was elected by respective local councils. The constitution declared a guarantee of citizens' rights, but at the same time recognized the existence of one-party system dominated by the Communist Party of Ukraine representing a local branch of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. Parts of the constitution were altered in following years, for instance allowing the Ukrainian SSR to enter relations with other countries as part of its representation at the United Nations. The Soviet constitution precluded separate articles of republican constitutions from being valid in case if they contradicted its own regulations.[2]
The 1978 Constitution of the UkrSSR (Ukrainian: Конституція УРСР 1978 р.)[a] was a fundamental law of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, the fourth and the last of Constitutions of the UkrSSR.[3] It was based on the 1977 Constitution of the USSR (Russian: Конституция СССР and adopted on 20 April 1978 by the extraordinary seventh sessions of Supreme Council of the UkrSSR of 9th convocation.[3] Its text was developed by a commission headed by Volodymyr Shcherbytsky.
In its preamble, the constitution indicated on its succession of constitutional development of Ukraine, ideas and principles of which were fixed in constitutions of 1919, 1929, and 1937.[3]
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