Carol II reigned as King of Romania from 8 June 1930 until his abdication on 6 September 1940.
The Iron Guard is the name most commonly given to a fascist movement and political party in Romania founded in 1927 by Corneliu Zelea Codreanu as the Legion of the Archangel Michael or the Legionnaire movement. The League was ultra-nationalist, antisemitic, antimagyar, antiziganist, anti-communist, anti-capitalist and promoted Eastern Orthodox Christianity. In March 1930 Codreanu formed the "Iron Guard" as a paramilitary political branch of the Legion, and in 1935, the Legion changed its official name to the "Totul pentru Țară" party. It existed into the early part of World War II. Its members were called "Greenshirts" because of the predominantly green uniforms they wore.
Jilava is a commune in Ilfov county, Muntenia, Romania, near Bucharest. It is composed of a single village, Jilava.
Corneliu Zelea Codreanu, commonly known as Corneliu Codreanu, was a Romanian politician who was the founder and charismatic leader of the Iron Guard, an ultranationalist, antisemitic, antimagyar, and antigypsy organization active throughout most of the interwar period. Generally seen as the main variety of local fascism, and noted for its Romanian Orthodox-inspired revolutionary message, the Iron Guard grew into an important actor on the Romanian political stage, coming into conflict with the political establishment and democratic forces. The Legionnaires traditionally referred to Codreanu as Căpitanul, and he held absolute authority over the organization until his death. He is cited on the list of the 100 Greatest Romanians.
Horia Sima was a Romanian fascist politician, best known as the second and last leader of the fascist paramilitary movement known as the Iron Guard, also known as the Legion of the Archangel Michael. Sima was also the vice president of the council of ministers in Ion Antonescu's National Legionary State, and a short-lived minister in the government of Ion Gigurtu. In January 1941, Sima initiated and led the Legionnaires' Rebellion against Conducător Ion Antonescu and the Romanian Army, for which he was sentenced to death, as well as the Bucharest pogrom, the largest and most violent pogrom against Jews in the history of Muntenia. Following the rebellion, Sima escaped to Germany, and later to Spain, where he lived until his death.
Noua Dreaptă is an ultranationalist, far-right organization in Romania and Moldova, founded in 2000. The party claims to be the successor to the nationalist Iron Guard with the aesthetics and ideology being directly influenced by the fascist movement and its leader, Corneliu Zelea Codreanu.
Ion I. Moța [or Motza] was the deputy leader of the Romanian fascist Iron Guard movement, killed in battle during the Spanish Civil War.
Alexandru C. Cuza, also known as A. C. Cuza, was a Romanian far-right politician.
Mihai Stelescu was a Romanian political activist.
Codreanu is a Romanian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Corpul Muncitoresc Legionar or Corpul Muncitorilor Legionari was a fascist association of workers in Romania, created inside the Iron Guard and having a rigid hierarchical structure. From its creation until September 1940, the CML was led by Gheorghe Clime; afterwards, the position was filled by Dumitru Groza, who oversaw the Corps during the period when the Iron Guard was in power — the National Legionary State —, and involved it in the 1941 Rebellion and Pogrom. The CML had its headquarters in Bucharest, on Calea Călăraşilor.
During the 1930s, three notable death squads emerged from Romania's Iron Guard: the Nicadori, the Decemviri and the Răzbunători. Motivated by a combination of fascist political ideology and religious-nationalist mysticism, they carried out several high-level political assassinations in the inter-war period.
The National-Christian Defense League was a far-right political party of Romania formed by A. C. Cuza.
Corneliu Ioan Codreanu is a Romanian former football right back. Codreanu played in his career mainly for FCM Bacău, but he also spent some periods at teams like: Laminorul Roman, UTA Arad, Aerostar Bacău or Botoşani. In 2011 Codreanu signed with Unirea Mircești, a lower leagues side from Iași County and automatically becoming an important name of the small team. He won afterwards two times Liga IV with Unirea, in 2015 and 2017, but lost in both times the Liga III promotion play-off, in 2015 against Voința Răucești and in 2017 against Oțelul Galați.
The Jilava Massacre took place during the night of November 26, 1940 at Jilava penitentiary, near Bucharest, Romania. Sixty-four political detainees were killed by the Iron Guard (Legion), with further high-profile assassinations in the immediate aftermath. It came about halfway through the fascist National Legionary State and led to the first open clash between the Guard and conducător Ion Antonescu, who ousted the Legion from power in January 1941.
Tutova County is one of the historic counties of Moldavia, Romania with the city of Bârlad as capital.
Constantin Petrovicescu was a Romanian soldier and politician, who served as Interior Minister from September 14, 1940 to January 21, 1941 during the National Legionary State.
Constantin Gheorghe Costa-Foru was a Romanian journalist, lawyer and human rights activist.
For My Legionaries is an autobiographical book by Iron Guard leader Corneliu Zelea Codreanu first published in 1936. The book has been described by historian Irina Livezeanu as being to Codreanu what Mein Kampf was to Adolf Hitler. It was first published in Sibiu, as it was not allowed to pass censorship in Bucharest.
Corneliu Șumuleanu was a Romanian chemist and politician.
