Crossfire in Bangladesh is a form of staged extrajudicial killing s, often referring to the death of a person by gun shot under the custody of a law enforcement agency. [1] In March 2010, the then director general of the elite law enforcement agency of Bangladesh, Rapid Action Battalion (RAB) said that since it was started in 2004 RAB had killed 622 people. Human Rights Watch, a New York-based NGO, has described RAB as a Bangladeshi government death squad. [2] Odhikar, a Dhaka-based human rights organization, reported at least 1,169 people lost their lives in extrajudicial killings between January 2009 and May 2016 in Bangladesh. According to Odhikar, in June 2016, extrajudicial killings in the country took at least 24 lives. [3] According to another rights group, Ain O Salish Kendra, 79 people were killed in so-called shootouts while in police custody in Bangladesh in the first six months of 2016. [4] The police were involved in 37 of these deaths. Of them, seven had been in killed in crossfire with Detective Branch (DB) officials. [5] Bangladesh police forces shot dead 130 people in a Philippines-style drugs crackdown in three weeks starting from May 2018. [6]
Bangladesh Government claims that incidents of crossfire deaths are the result of law enforcement officers acting in self-defence. The narrative of the Government comes in either of the following 2 forms: (1) the deceased was caught in crossfire that erupted after miscreants had started shooting at the police, (2) after being challenged by a patrolling police team, few suspected armed persons on motor bikes opened fire; deceased died in the gunfight and few others fled. However, rights group have been refusing to believe the police version of the crossfire incidents. They have long accused Bangladesh's security forces, especially the elite law enforcement agency Rapid Action Battalion, of arbitrarily picking up people, torturing them, and then killing them in custody. When suspects are shown to journalists, they often wear a bulletproof vest. But, while taking them to raids to arrest their accomplices, the criminals are routinely without any such vest. [3] Media usually reports these incidents as crossfire within quotation marks. [3] [4]
Detective Branch of Bangladesh has been accused of threatening abducted or captured people with cross fire to get confessional statement from them to magistrates. [15]
Photographer Shahidul Alam organized an art exhibition named as 'Crossfire' with a series of large images evocative of the places where the victims were murdered or discovered. [1] [16]
Rapid Action Battalion is an anti-crime and anti-terrorism unit of the Bangladesh Police. This elite force consists of members of the Bangladesh Army, Navy, Air Force, Police, Border Guard, and the Bangladesh Ansar. It was formed on 26 March 2004 as RAT, and commenced operations on 14 April 2004.
An encounter killing, often simply called an encounter, is an extrajudicial killing by police or the armed forces in South Asia, supposedly in self-defence when they encounter suspected gangsters or terrorists. The officers typically described the incidents as a shootout situation, often allegedly starting when a criminal grabs for the gun of a police officer. The term encounter came into widespread use for such incidents in the late 20th century.
Shahidul Alam is a Bangladeshi media institution builder, a photojournalist, public speaker, storyteller, writer, blogger, curator, and educationist.
An extrajudicial killing is the deliberate killing of a person without the lawful authority granted by a judicial proceeding. It typically refers to government authorities, whether lawfully or unlawfully, targeting specific people for death, which in authoritarian regimes often involves political, trade union, dissident, religious and social figures. The term is typically used in situations that imply the human rights of the victims have been violated; deaths caused by legal police actions or legal warfighting on a battlefield are generally not included, even though military and police forces are often used for killings seen by critics as illegitimate. The label "extrajudicial killing" has also been applied to organized, lethal enforcement of extralegal social norms by non-government actors, including lynchings and honor killings.
The Dhaka Metropolitan Police is the unit of Bangladesh Police responsible for law enforcement in the metropolis of Dhaka, the national capital and most populous city in Bangladesh. The DMP is the largest police force unit in Bangladesh. At present, the DMP commissioner is Md. Mainul Hasan.
The Siege of Dhaka also known as Shapla Square protests, Operation Shapla or Operation Flash Out by security forces refers to the protests, and subsequent shootings, of 5 and 6 May 2013 at Shapla Square located in the Motijheel district, the main financial area of Dhaka, Bangladesh. The protests were organized by the Islamist advocacy group, Hefazat-e Islam, who were demanding the enactment of a blasphemy law. The government responded to the protests by cracking down on the protesters using a combined force drawn from the police, Rapid Action Battalion and paramilitary Border Guard Bangladesh to drive the protesters out of Shapla Square.
The Purbo Banglar Communist Party is an outlawed communist party in Bangladesh. The PBCP formed in 1968 following a split in the Bangladesh Communist Party. It is mainly active in the areas of Khulna and Jessore in the south west of Bangladesh near the border of the Indian state of West Bengal where CPI-Maoist Naxalite insurgents have been active in an ongoing civil war against the Indian state. The PBCP suffers from violent rivalry both internally and externally with different party factions and rival splinter groups. The PBCP was criticized by Siraj Sikder, the founder of the Purbo Bangla Sarbohara Party, as being a neo-revisionist and a party that is "left in form but right in essence".
Extrajudicial killings and enforced disappearances in Bangladesh refer to extrajudicial executions carried out by law enforcement agencies without due legal process and to abduction cases in which the government directly or indirectly kidnaps people and holds them incommunicado. From 2009 to 2023, at least 2,699 people were victims of extrajudicial killings in Bangladesh. During the period, 677 people were forcibly disappeared, and 1,048 people died in custody. From 2004 to 2006, at least 991 people were killed extrajudicially by "death squad" the Rapid Action Battalion (RAB). The practice of extrajudicial killings and enforced disappearances primarily involves law enforcement agencies such as the RAB and the Detective Branch (DB) of the police.
Chowdhury Fazlul Bari is a former Bangladesh Army officer and former director general of Directorate General of Forces Intelligence.
Lieutenant Colonel (Dismissed) Tareque Sayeed Mohammad is a former Bangladeshi Army officer who was convicted in the Narayanganj Seven murder case. He was the commanding officer of Bangladesh elite force Rapid Action Battalion (RAB)-11. He is the Son in Law of former minister Mofazzal Hossain Chowdhury.
The Detective Branch is a specialized unit of the Bangladesh Police. According to Human Rights Watch, there is extensive documentation of human rights violations by the Detective Branch and the Rapid Action Battalion. According to Human Rights Watch, 70 percent of extrajudicial deaths involving the police involved the Detective Branch.
Abdul Aziz Sarkar was a Bangladeshi police officer who served as the Director General of Rapid Action Battalion.
The Bangladesh drug war or Bangladesh's war on drugs is an ongoing campaign against alleged drug dealers and users by the government of Bangladesh under Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina. The extrajudicial killings of alleged drug dealers by the elite anti-crime unit Rapid Action Battalion (RAB) and the police have been criticized by human rights groups and foreign diplomats.
Killing of Ekramul Haque refers to the extrajudicial killing of Ekramul Haque, councillor of Teknaf Municipality Ward three, by a unit of the Rapid Action Battalion. He was elected as councilor in Teknaf Municipality three times in a row as a candidate of the Awami League. Haque was a former president of the Teknaf unit of the Jubo League, the youth wing of Awami League, for 13 years. During a Bangladesh government crackdown on the narcotics trade, the death of more than 100 suspects took place in shoot-outs with law enforcement agencies. Since 2018 more than 200 individuals were killed in extrajudicial shootings by law enforcement agencies in Teknaf alone.
The Murder of Major Sinha Mohammed Rashed Khan refers to the extrajudicial killing of a retired Bangladesh Army Major in Cox's Bazar by members of Bangladesh Police on 31 July 2020.
Tofayel Mustafa Sorwar is a Bangladesh Army brigadier general and the former additional director general (operations) at the Rapid Action Battalion (RAB), an elite multi-service unit of the Bangladesh Police. He has been sanctioned by the U.S. Department of the Treasury for human rights violation at RAB during his time at the agency.
Mohammad Anwar Latif Khan is a retired Bangladesh Army colonel and former sector commander of Border Guard Bangladesh in Rajshahi. He is the former additional director general (operations) at the Rapid Action Battalion (RAB) an elite multi-service unit of the Bangladesh Police, and oversaw crackdowns on Islamist militants. He has been sanctioned by the United States for his activities in RAB. He had previously commanded RAB-5, RAB-7, and RAB-11.
Miftah Uddin Ahmed is a Bangladesh Army lieutenant colonel and officer of the Rapid Action Battalion who has been sanctioned by the United States for human rights violations.
Nur Khan Liton is a Bangladeshi lawyer and human rights activist. He is the former chief and secretary general of Ain o Salish Kendra, national legal aid organisation. He has spoken out against extrajudicial killings and human rights violations in Bangladesh. He has been critical of Enforced Disappearance in Bangladesh and called for investigation of the incidents.
Inside the Death Squad or "'Death squad': Inside Bangladesh's Rapid Action Battalion" is a documentary film produced by Deutsche Welle in partnership with Netra News that investigates allegations of extrajudicial killings and human rights abuses committed by the Rapid Action Battalion (RAB), an elite police force in Bangladesh. The documentary features interviews with former RAB officers, witnesses, and human rights activists, and includes footage of alleged killings and interviews with family members of victims. The RAB has been accused of carrying out extrajudicial killings and human rights abuses in Bangladesh. The documentary sheds light on the tactics used by the RAB, including torture, enforced disappearances, and extrajudicial killings, and raises important questions about the use of state violence and the government's role in protecting human rights.