Cumberland and Pennsylvania Railroad

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Cumberland and Pennsylvania Railroad
Cumberland and Pennsylvania Railroad
FROSTBURG HISTORIC DISTRICT, ALLEGANY COUNTY.jpg
Frostburg station
Overview
Headquarters Mount Savage, Maryland
LocaleMaryland
Dates of operation1850–1944
Successor Western Maryland Railway
Technical
Track gauge 4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge

The Cumberland and Pennsylvania Railroad (C&P) was an American railroad which operated in Western Maryland. Primarily a coal hauler, it was owned by the Consolidation Coal Company, and was purchased by the Western Maryland Railway (WM) in 1944.

Contents

The line ran from Cumberland, Maryland to Piedmont, West Virginia, at both points interchanging with the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. The railroad's shops were located at Mount Savage, Maryland, also the location of its headquarters. On the way to Piedmont the line passed through (and under) Frostburg, Maryland, where the C&P station stands today as the western terminus of the Western Maryland Scenic Railroad.

History

The Cumberland and Pennsylvania Railroad Company was incorporated on March 4, 1850, with a charter from the Maryland General Assembly. [1] The early charter date reflects the prominence of Mt. Savage as an early foundry of iron rail and manufacturer of locomotives in the United States. The first iron rail rolled in the United States was produced at Mt. Savage in 1844. [2]

Coal hopper cars of the C&P and Consolidation Coal Co. at the western terminus of the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal in Cumberland, early 20th century. Cumberland MD C&O Canal-coal loading.jpg
Coal hopper cars of the C&P and Consolidation Coal Co. at the western terminus of the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal in Cumberland, early 20th century.

In 1854 the C&P acquired the Mount Savage Railroad from the Mount Savage Coal and Iron Company. [3] In 1863 the C&P acquired the Georges Creek Railroad from the Georges Creek Coal and Iron Company, and in 1870 it acquired the Eckhart Branch Railroad from the Maryland Mining Company.

In 1866 James Millholland opened the locomotive shops which became the center of the railroad. From 1868 to 1917 the shops produced at least 30 locomotives for the C&P, as well as standard and narrow gauge engines for other lines. [4] The C&P also built passenger cars, for its own use and for other railroads. [3]

The WM purchased the C&P from Consolidation Coal in 1944. [5] : 51  The operations of the two companies were formally merged in 1953. [6] : 68  All of the C&P locomotives were replaced with WM engines. [4] [5] : 52  In 1954 the WM abandoned redundant C&P track between Mt. Savage Junction and Mt. Savage, and discontinued use of the tunnel under Frostburg, due to the tunnel's low clearances. Some branch lines to local mines were also eliminated. [5] : 198  Coal traffic south of Frostburg was routed along the WM's Georges Creek Branch to the WM junction at Westernport, Maryland (directly across the North Branch Potomac River from Piedmont).

Extant facilities

The depot at Frostburg was originally designed for the C&P by architect Ephraim Francis Baldwin and built in 1891. It contained an office, waiting rooms, freight and baggage sections. [7]

In addition to the station in Frostburg, many of the shop buildings still remain at Mt. Savage. [3] Parts of the route north from Piedmont are still in service as part of CSXT and the Georges Creek Railway.

See also

Related Research Articles

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The Pennsylvania Railroad in Maryland company was organized in 1876. According to its charter, it was to run from Cumberland, Maryland to the Pennsylvania line where it would connect with other branches of the Pennsylvania Railroad system and provide another outlet for Maryland's soft coal to the major industrial cities. The railroad had also been promoted by coal companies in the Georges creek valley in Maryland, principally the Maryland Coal Company and the American Coal Company as well as the city of Cumberland, Maryland to provide "the benefit of a competitive road with the Baltimore and Ohio railroad, then its only outlet." The Pennsylvania railroad wanted access to the Georges creek valley coal and potential customers such as the Maryland and American coal companies. To do so, meant bypassing the Cumberland and Pennsylvania railroad which was controlled by the Consolidation Coal company, the largest bituminous coal company in the eastern United States. In 1873, the Baltimore and Ohio railroad had purchased a majority of the Consolidation Coal company's stock, thereby controlling coal exports out of the Georges creek valley and effectively the "entire output of coal in ."

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Western Maryland Scenic Railroad 734</span> Preserved American 2-8-0 locomotive (LS&I class SC-1)

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References

  1. ↑ Patrick H. Stakem (2002). "Cumberland & Pennsylvania Railroad Revisited." p. 9. (Laurel, MD: Pat Stakem, 2002.) ISBN   0-9725966-0-7.
  2. ↑ Patrick H. Stakem."The Mount Savage Iron Works" Accessed 2013-07-29. Archived October 2, 2015, at the Wayback Machine
  3. 1 2 3 Mount Savage Historical Society. "Cumberland & Pennsylvania Railroad." Accessed 2013-07-29.
  4. 1 2 Patrick H. Stakem. "The Mount Savage Locomotive Shops" Accessed 2013-07-29. Archived June 1, 2006, at the Wayback Machine
  5. 1 2 3 Cook, Roger; Zimmermann, Karl (1992). The Western Maryland Railway: Fireballs and Black Diamonds (2nd ed.). Laurys Station, PA: Garrigues House. ISBN   0-9620844-4-1. OCLC   26302871.
  6. ↑ Salamon, Stephen J.; Hopkins, William E. (1991). The Western Maryland Railway in the Diesel Era. Silver Spring, Maryland: Old Line Graphics. ISBN   1-879314-07-X.
  7. ↑ Avery, Carlos P. (2003). E. Francis Baldwin, Architect: The B&O, Baltimore, and Beyond. Baltimore, Maryland: Baltimore Architecture Foundation. pp. 45, 128. ISBN   0-9729743-0-X.
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