Czech Republic competed at the 2012 European Athletics Championships held in Helsinki, Finland, between 27 June to 1 July 2012.
| Medal | Name | Event | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
 Gold | Pavel Maslák | Men's 400 metres | 29 June |
| Gold | Vítězslav Veselý | Men's javelin throw | 28 June |
| Gold | Jiřina Ptáčníková | Women's pole vault | 30 June |
 Silver | Denisa Rosolová | Women's 400 metres hurdles | 29 June |
 Bronze | Jitka Bartoničková Denisa Rosolová Zuzana Bergrová Zuzana Hejnová | Women's 4 × 400 metres relay | 1 July |
| Event | Athletes | Heats | Semifinal | Final | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Result | Rank | Result | Rank | Result | Rank | ||
| 100 m | Rostislav Šulc | 10.53 | 21 q | 10.60 | 22 | did not advance | |
| Jan Veleba | 10.48 | 19 Q | 10.60 | 22 | did not advance | ||
| 200 m | Vojtěch Šulc | 21.17 | 20 q | DQ | did not advance | ||
| 400 m | Daniel Němeček | 46.61 | 16 Q | DQ | did not advance | ||
| Pavel Maslák | 45.87 | 3 Q | 45.66 | 1 Q | 45.24 | | |
| Jan Tesař | 46.75 | 19 q | 47.27 | 20 | did not advance | ||
| 800 m | Jakub Holuša | 1:48.54 | 25 Q | 1:46.63 | 3 q | 1:48.99 | 5 |
| Jan Kubista | 1:47.66 | 12 q | 1:48.94 | 17 | did not advance | ||
| 400 m hurdles | Václav Barák | 50.58 | 12 Q | 50.33 | 15 | did not advance | |
| Michal Brož | 50.91 | 18 q | 51.35 | 21 | did not advance | ||
| Josef Prorok | 50.57 | 11 Q | DQ | did not advance | |||
| 4 × 100 m relay | Jan Veleba Rostislav Šulc Vojtěch Šulc Lukás Štastný | 39.52 | 7 q | — | DNF | ||
| 4 × 400 m relay | Daniel Němeček Pavel Maslák Josef Prorok Jakub Holuša | 3:05.41 | 2 Q | — | 3:02.72 | 5 | |
| Event | Athletes | Qualification | Final | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Result | Rank | Result | Rank | ||
| Long jump | Roman Novotný | 7.80 | 19 | did not advance | |
| Štěpán Wagner | 7.80 | 18 | did not advance | ||
| High jump | Jaroslav Bába | 2.23 | 3 Q | 2.24 | 8 |
| Pole vault | Jan Kudlička | 5.50 | 4 q | 5.60 | 6 |
| Shot put | Ladislav Prášil | 18.87 | 19 | did not advance | |
| Antonín Žalský | 19.94 | 3 q | 19.94 | 6 | |
| Javelin throw | Petr Frydrych | 68.88 | 27 | did not advance | |
| Vítězslav Veselý | 79.09 | 10 q | 83.72 | | |
| Hammer throw | Lukáš Melich | 68.92 | 28 | did not advance | |
|
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| Event | Athletes | Heats | Semifinal | Final | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Result | Rank | Result | Rank | Result | Rank | ||
| 100 m | Kateřina Čechová | 11.53 | 15 q | 11.45 | 12 | did not advance | |
| 200 m | Kateřina Čechová | 23.78 | 21 q | 23.64 | 16 | did not advance | |
| 400 m | Jitka Bartoničková | 53.15 | 12 Q | 52.78 | 12 | did not advance | |
| 800 m | Lenka Masná | 2:05.75 | 16 | — | did not advance | ||
| 1500 m | Lenka Masná | 4:10.22 | 5 q | — | 4:10.17 | 7 | |
| 100 m hurdles | Lucie Škrobáková | 13.17 | 15 Q | 13.17 | 9 | did not advance | |
| 400 m hurdles | Zuzana Bergrová | 56.59 | 14 Q | 55.78 | 7 q | 56.26 | 7 |
| Zuzana Hejnová | 55.24 | 1 Q | 55.36 | 5 Q | 54.49 | 4 | |
| Denisa Rosolová | 55.98 | 6 Q | 54.71 | 3 Q | 54.24 | | |
| 4 × 400 m relay | Jitka Bartoničková Denisa Rosolová Zuzana Bergrová Zuzana Hejnová | 3:30.86 | 4 Q | — | 3:26.02 | | |
| Event | Athletes | Qualification | Final | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Result | Rank | Result | Rank | ||
| High jump | Oldřiška Marešová | 1.83 | 17 | did not advance | |
| Pole vault | Romana Malácová | 4.25 | 18 | did not advance | |
| Jiřina Ptáčníková | 4.45 | 1 Q | 4.60 | | |
| Discus throw | Věra Cechlová | 57.52 | 11 q | 60.08 | 7 |
| Jitka Kubelová | 51.71 | 23 | did not advance | ||
| Eliška Staňková | 55.22 | 13 | did not advance | ||
| Hammer throw | Kateřina Šafránková | 66.51 | 14 | did not advance | |
| Tereza Králová | 66.89 | 12 q | 65.87 | 12 | |
| Heptathlon | Event | Eliška Klučinová | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Results | Points | Rank | ||
| 100 m hurdles | 14.03 | 974 | 14 | |
| High jump | 1.83 | 1016 | 2 | |
| Shot Put | 14.21 | 808 | 5 | |
| 200 m | 24.56 | 928 | 10 | |
| Long jump | 6.09 | 877 | 12 | |
| Javelin throw | 42.58 | 717 | 10 | |
| 800 m | 2:19.47 | 831 | 12 | |
| Final | 6151 | 8 | ||
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