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Fibroblast growth factor 21 is a liver-secreted peptide hormone that in humans is encoded by the FGF21 gene. Together with FGF19 and FGF23, this protein is a member of the endocrine subgroup within the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family. FGF21 is a potent, extracellularly acting metabolic regulator, whose action was discovered through in vitro phenotypic screening and diet manipulation studies in rodents., unlike canonical growth-stimulating FGFs known to stimulate mitosis, differentiation and angiogenesis in their target tissues, FGF21 exerts its action by activating FGF21 receptors located in the cell membrane of target cells. Each FGF21 receptor is composed of a transmembrane FGF receptor protein, and its complexing co-receptor β-Klotho. Loss of β-Klotho abolishes all effects of FGF21 in vitro and in vivo. In addition to its action as a hormone, FGF21 may be able to act in an autocrine fashion, or possibly also in a paracrine manner in the pancreas.
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References
- ↑ "David Mangelsdorf". utsouthwestern.edu. Retrieved February 25, 2017.
- ↑ "Principal Investigators". utsouthwestern.edu. Retrieved February 25, 2017.
- ↑ "David Mangelsdorf". nasonline.org. Retrieved February 25, 2017.
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