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Solomon Islands is a sovereign state in the Melanesia subregion of Oceania in the western Pacific Ocean. This page is about the history of the nation state rather than the broader geographical area of the Solomon Islands archipelago,which covers both Solomon Islands and Bougainville Island,a province of Papua New Guinea. For the history of the archipelago not covered here refer to the former administration of the British Solomon Islands Protectorate,the North Solomon Islands and the History of Bougainville.
Politics of Solomon Islands takes place within the framework of a parliamentary representative democratic,constitutional monarchy. Solomon Islands is an independent Commonwealth realm,where executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and a multi-party parliament.
Solomon Islands,also known simply as the Solomons,is an island country consisting of six major islands and over 900 smaller islands in Melanesia,part of Oceania,to the northeast of Australia. It is directly adjacent to Papua New Guinea to the west,Australia to the southwest,New Caledonia and Vanuatu to the southeast,Fiji,Wallis and Futuna,and Tuvalu to the east,and Nauru and the Federated States of Micronesia to the north. It has a total area of 28,896 square kilometres,and a population of 734,887 according to the official estimates for mid-2023. Its capital and largest city,Honiara,is located on the largest island,Guadalcanal. The country takes its name from the wider area of the Solomon Islands archipelago,which is a collection of Melanesian islands that also includes the Autonomous Region of Bougainville,but excludes the Santa Cruz Islands.
The governor-general of Solomon Islands is the representative of the Solomon Islands' monarch,currently King Charles III,in Solomon Islands. The governor-general is appointed by the monarch after their nomination by the National Parliament by vote. The functions of the governor-general include appointing ministers,judges,and ambassadors;giving royal assent to legislation passed by parliament;and issuing writs for election.
Sir Peter Kenilorea was a Solomon Islander politician,officially styled The Rt Hon. Sir Peter Kenilorea as a member of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom. He was the first prime minister of an independent Solomon Islands,from 1978–1981,and also served a second term from 1984–1986.
John Bernard Hayes is a former New Zealand politician and diplomat. A member of the National Party,he was a Member of the New Zealand House of Representatives in the Wairarapa electorate from 2005 to 2014.
Seve Paeniu is a Tuvaluan politician. Paeniu was elected to the Parliament of Tuvalu in the 2019 Tuvaluan general election to represent the Nukulaelae electorate. He was appointed as the Minister of Finance in the Natano Ministry.
Manasseh Damukana Sogavare is a Solomon Islander politician serving as Minister of Finance since 2024. He served as the prime minister of Solomon Islands for a total of nine years from 2000–2001,2006–2007,2014–2017,and 2019–2024. Sogavare has served in the National Parliament representing East Choiseul since 1997.
The Parliament of Tuvalu is the unicameral national legislature of Tuvalu. The place at which the parliament sits is called the Vaiaku maneapa. The maneapa on each island is an open meeting place where the chiefs and elders deliberate and make decisions.
The monarchy of Solomon Islands is a system of government in which a hereditary monarch is the sovereign and head of state of Solomon Islands. The monarch and head of state since 8 September 2022 is King Charles III. As sovereign,he is the personal embodiment of the Crown of Solomon Islands. Although the person of the sovereign is equally shared with 14 other independent countries within the Commonwealth of Nations,each country's monarchy is separate and legally distinct. As a result,the current monarch is officially titled King of Solomon Islands and,in this capacity,he and other members of the royal family undertake public and private functions domestically and abroad as representatives of Solomon Islands. However,the King is the only member of the royal family with any constitutional role.
The Christian Church of Tuvalu,is a Christian church and is the largest religious denomination in the country. This status entitles it to "the privilege of performing special services on major national events";its adherents comprise about 86% of the 11,600 inhabitants of the archipelago.
Jeremiah Manele is a Solomon Island politician serving as prime minister following the 2024 Solomon Islands general election. He is the first prime minister of the country to come from Isabel Province.
Gordon Darcy Lilo is a Solomon Islander politician who served as the prime minister of Solomon Islands from 16 November 2011 to 9 December 2014. He was a member of the National Parliament of the Solomon Islands,representing the Gizo/Kolombangara constituency spanning Gizo and the island of Kolombangara in Western Province. Lilo served as the Minister of Finance of the Solomon Islands from 2006 to 2007 and from 2010 to 2011.
Honiara is the capital and largest city of Solomon Islands,situated on the northwestern coast of Guadalcanal. As of 2021,it had a population of 92,344 people. The city is served by Honiara International Airport and the seaport of Point Cruz,and lies along the Kukum Highway. In 1983,a capital territory –comprising the 22 square-kilometre metropolitan area of Honiara –was proclaimed,with a self-governing status akin to a province,although the city also retained an older role as capital of Guadalcanal Province.
The Speaker of the National Parliament is the Speaker of the National Parliament of the Solomon Islands. The position was established under section 64 of the Constitution of the Solomon Islands of 1978,when the country became independent from the United Kingdom. It is similar to the position of Speaker of the House of Commons in the U.K.;the Solomon Islands is a Commonwealth realm and maintains a Westminster system of government.
Sir David Okete Vuvuiri Vunagi,,is a retired Solomon Islands Anglican bishop who served as governor-general of Solomon Islands from 2019 to 2024. He was the archbishop of Melanesia and bishop of the Diocese of Central Melanesia from 2009 to 2015.
General elections were held in the Solomon Islands on 19 November 2014 to determine the composition of the 10th Parliament. The election was held following the passage of the Political Parties Integrity Bill,which sought to discourage party-switching. A biometric voter registration system was introduced before the election,which removed a large number of double enrolments and deceased voters from the electoral roll. Six of the twelve parties that contested the election won seats. The Democratic Alliance emerged as the largest,winning seven. Independents,who comprised the majority of candidates,won 32 of the 50 seats in the National Parliament. Only one woman was elected. Voter turnout was a record 89%. In an upset,Prime Minister Gordon Darcy Lilo lost his seat of Gizo/Kolombangara to his nephew Jimson Tanagada.
Afioga Tuimalealiʻifano Vaʻaletoʻa Eti Sualauvi II is a Samoan politician who is the current O le Ao o le Malo of Samoa,in office since 2017.
Events in the year 2024 in the Solomon Islands.
References
- 1 2 "June 2024". rulers.org. Archived from the original on 10 July 2024. Retrieved 18 June 2024.
- 1 2 3 Tavuli News (Solomon Islands) (17 June 2024). 01 TAVULI GENERAL NEWS | MONDAY 17 JUNE 2024. Archived from the original on 18 June 2024. Retrieved 18 June 2024– via YouTube.
- ↑ "Pacific news in brief for June 18". RNZ . 18 June 2024. Archived from the original on 18 June 2024. Retrieved 18 June 2024.
- ↑ "PTC Theses – Pacific Theological College". Archived from the original on 5 December 2023. Retrieved 18 June 2024.
- ↑ "Order Paper No. 6" (PDF). parliament.gov.sb. National Parliament of the Solomon Islands. 17 June 2024. Archived (PDF) from the original on 17 June 2024. Retrieved 17 June 2024.
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