Demesvar Delorme (10 February 1831 –25 December 1901) was a Haitian theoretician,writer,and politician. Born in Cap-Haïtien,he participated in Sylvain Salnave's failed rebellion against President Fabre Geffrard in 1865. After the fall of Geffrard and Salnave's election as President of Haiti in 1867,he was appointed Minister of External Relations and Minister of Public Education and Cults.
In 1868,he was forced to leave the country and fled to Paris,France,where he lived in exile for ten years,publishing several works. One of his best known writings was the essay "Les Théoriciens au Pouvoir",which postulated that political power should belong to the intellectual elite.
From 1891–1897,he was the first resident minister in Berlin with coacredition to the Holy See. In Rome he represented with Jean Joseph Dalbémar the government of Haiti in a case of border arbitrage under the auspicies of Pope Leo XIII,while the government of Santo Domingo was represented by Justino Faszowicz Baron de Farensbach and Emiliano Tejera [1]
Sud (French) or Sid is one of the ten departments of Haiti and located in southern Haiti. It has an area of 2,653.60 square kilometres (1,024.56 sq mi) and a population of 774,976. Its capital is Les Cayes.
Sylvain Salnave was a Haitian general who served as the President of Haïti from 1867 to 1869. He was elected president after he led the overthrow of President Fabre Geffrard. During his term there were constant civil wars between the various factions. Eventually,he was overthrown in a coup by his eventual successor Nissage Saget,and Salnave was tried for treason and executed.
Frankétienne is a Haitian writer,poet,playwright,painter,musician,activist and intellectual. He is recognized as one of Haiti's leading writers and playwrights of both French and Haitian Creole,and is "known as the father of Haitian letters". As a painter,he is known for his colorful abstract works,often emphasizing the colors blue and red. He was a candidate for the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2009,made a Commander of the Ordre des Arts et Lettres,and was named UNESCO Artist for Peace in 2010.
Guillaume Fabre Nicolas Geffrard was a mulatto general in the Haitian army and President of Haiti from 1859 until his deposition in 1867. On 18 April 1852,Faustin Soulouque made him Duke of Tabara. After collaborating in a coup to remove Faustin Soulouque from power in order to return Haiti to the social and political control of the colored elite,Geffrard was made president in 1859. To placate the peasants he renewed the practice of selling state-owned lands and ended a schism with the Roman Catholic Church which then took on an important role in improving education. After surviving several rebellions,he was overthrown by Major Sylvain Salnave in 1867.
Antoine Dupré (1782–1816) was an early Haitian poet,songwriter,and playwright. He was one of the first published poets and one of the first performed playwrights of independent Haiti. He is known for his historical works,such as the poems Hymne àla Liberté and Le Rêve d'un Haytien,and the plays La Mort du Général Lamarre and La Jeune Fille. Dupréwas killed in a duel at about 34 years of age.
Jules Solime Milscent was a Haitian fabulist,poet,and politician. He was a mulatto,born in Grande-Rivière du Nord to an ethnically French father and a free mother of African descent. Educated in France,Milscent co-founded the periodical L'Abeille Haytienne and served in several government positions,including a seat on the commission to draft the Haitian Civil Code. He is best known for his fables,such as:
Pompée Valentin Vastey,or Pompée Valentin,Baron de Vastey,was a Haitian writer,educator,and politician. Vastey was what people at the time called a "mulatto," because he was born to a white French father and a black Haitian mother.
Guy Joseph Bonnet was a Haitian historian and a major general of the Army of the Republic of Haiti. He was one of the signers of the Haitian Act of Independence,which formally declared Haiti independent from French colonial rule. He is known for his historical book Souvenirs Historiques,published posthumously in 1864.
Pierre Faubert was a Haitian poet and playwright. Faubert was born in Cayes to a general of the Haitian Revolution. Educated in France,Faubert returned to Haiti and served as Secretary to President Jean-Pierre Boyer. Faubert later was chosen by President Fabre Geffrard to negotiate the concordat between Haiti and the Pope. As a writer,two of Faubert's most notable works were a collection of poems titled Poésies Fugitives and a drama titled Ogéou le Préjugéde Couleur. He died at Vanves,near Paris,France.
Louis-Joseph Janvier was a Haitian journalist,diplomat and novelist.
Frédéric Marcelin (1848–1917) was a Haitian writer and politician. Born in Port-au-Prince,Marcelin was best known for the three novels Marilisse (1903),La Vengeance de Mama (1902),and Thémistocle Epaminondas Labasterre (1901). Along with his contemporaries Fernand Hibbert and Justin Lhérisson he worked to establish a uniquely Haitian novel.
Jean-Baptiste Cinéas was a Haitian novelist and jurist. Born in Cap-Haïtien,Cinéas held a law degree and was appointed a judge of the Supreme Court of Haiti,a position he held until his death. His most well-known novels are Le Drame de la Terre (1933),La Vengeance de la Terre (1940),L'Héritage Sacré (1945),and Le Choc en Retour (1949).
RenéDepestre is a Haitian poet and former communist activist. He is considered to be one of the most prominent figures in Haitian literature. He lived in Cuba as an exile from the Duvalier regime for many years and was a founder of the Casa de las Américas publishing house. He is best known for his poetry.
Alain Turnier was a Haitian historian. He is the author of several best-selling books:
The Second Empire of Haiti,officially known as the Empire of Haiti,was a state which existed from 1849 to 1859. It was established by the then-President,former Lieutenant General and Supreme Commander of the Presidential Guards under President Riché,Faustin Soulouque,who,inspired by Napoleon,declared himself Emperor Faustin I on 26 August 1849 at the Cathedral of Our Lady of the Assumption in Port-au-Prince.
François Denys Légitime was a Haitian general who served as President of Haiti from 1888 to 1889.
Damase Pierre-Louis (1894–1945) was a Haitian historian,statesman,author,journalist and diplomat.
Yanick Lahens is a Haitian Francophone writer,novelist,teacher,and lecturer. She became a Prix Femina laureate in 2014.
Emmelie Prophète,also known as Emmelie Prophète Milcé,is a Haitian writer and diplomat. From November 2022 till April 2024,she served as the justice minister of Haiti.
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