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Jamaican culture consists of the religion, norms, values, and lifestyle that define the people of Jamaica. The culture is mixed, with an ethnically diverse society, stemming from a history of inhabitants beginning with the original inhabitants of Jamaica [the tainos] The Spaniards originally brought slavery to Jamaica. Then they were overthrown by the English. Jamaica later gained emancipation on 1 August 1838, and independence from the British on 6 August 1962. Black slaves became the dominant cultural force as they suffered and resisted the harsh conditions of forced labour. After the abolition of slavery, Chinese and Indian migrants were transported to the island as indentured workers, bringing with them ideas from their country.
Obeah is a system of spiritual healing and justice-making practices developed among West African slaves in the West Indies. Obeah is difficult to define, as it is not a single, unified set of practices; the word "Obeah" was historically not often used to describe one's own practices.
Kumina is an Afro-Jamaican religion. Kumina has practices that include secular ceremonies, dance and music that developed from the beliefs and traditions brought to the island by Kongo enslaved people and indentured labourers, from the Congo region of West Central Africa, during the post-emancipation era. It is mostly associated with the parish of St. Thomas in the east of the island. However, the practice spread to the parishes of Portland, St. Mary and St. Catherine, and the city of Kingston.
The emancipation of the British West Indies refers to the abolition of slavery in Britain's colonies in the West Indies during the 1830s. The British government passed the Slavery Abolition Act in 1833, which emancipated all slaves in the British West Indies. After emancipation, a system of apprenticeship was established, where emancipated slaves were required by the various colonial assemblies to continue working for their former masters for a period of four to six years in exchange for provisions. The system of apprenticeship was abolished by the various colonial assemblies in 1838, after pressure from the British public, completing the process of emancipation. These are the steps were taken by British West Indian planters to solve the labour problems created by the emancipation of the enslaved Africans in 1838.
Aviva Chomsky is an American teacher, historian, author, and activist. She is a professor of history and the Coordinator of Latin American, Latino and Caribbean Studies at Salem State University in Massachusetts. She previously taught at Bates College in Maine and was a Research Associate at Harvard University, where she specialized in Caribbean and Latin American history.
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Tower Street Adult Correctional Centre is a prison in Jamaica. It was formerly the General Penitentiary, and was built to accommodate 650 male inmates but has held over 1700 on occasions. Construction of the current building began in 1845, shortly after the end of slavery. Previously, the Kingston House of Correction stood on the same site. The new penitentiary was designed according to the 'separate system' in which prisoners are held in isolation, although in practice sharing of the small cells has been common.
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Cubah Cornwallis was a nurse or "doctress" and Obeah woman who lived in the colony of Jamaica during the late 18th and 19th century.
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Ernest M. Cupidon was a Jamaican comedian and actor. He performed in an adaptation of Herbert George de Lisser's novel Susan Proudleigh and was known for his use of dialects and patois. He is credited by being the first actor to bring Caribbean dialect performance to Jamaican theatre and has been referred to as a "central figure" in the country's dramatic history during this era. Cupidon was active in the 1930s Jamaican entertainment industry.
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Stephen Anthony Smith, FBA, FRHistS is a British historian and academic. Since 2012, he has been Professor of History at the University of Oxford and a senior research fellow at All Souls College, Oxford. Smith was elected a Fellow of the Royal Historical Society in 1995, and a Fellow of the British Academy, the United Kingdom's national academy, in 2014.
Deborah A. Thomas is an American anthropologist and filmmaker, and is the R. Jean Brownlee Professor of Anthropology and Director of the Center for Experimental Ethnography at the University of Pennsylvania. She has published books and articles on the history, culture, and politics of Jamaica; and on human rights, sexuality, and globalization in the Caribbean arena. She has co-produced and co-directed two experimental films, and has co-curated a multimedia exhibit at the University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology. In 2016, she began a four-year term as editor-in-chief of the journal American Anthropologist. Before pursuing her career as an anthropologist, Thomas performed as a professional dancer with Urban Bush Women, a New York dance company that used art to promote social equity by illuminating the experiences of disenfranchised people.
Augusta Zelia Fraser, born Augusta Zelia Webb, generally publishing pseudonymously as Alice Spinner, was an English-born writer of fiction and amateur ethnography who produced much of her work while living in Jamaica in the late 19th century. She published two novels, one memoir, and a number of short stories.
References
- ↑ "CANCELLED: Inaugural Lecture - Professor Diana Paton". School of History, Classics & Archaeology. The University of Edinburgh. Retrieved 23 February 2021.
- ↑ Paton, Diana (1999). "No bond but the law: punishment and justice in Jamaica's age of emancipation, 1780-1870". ResearchGate. Retrieved 23 February 2021.
- 1 2 3 "About our staff: Professor Diana Paton". School of History, Classics & Archaeology. The University of Edinburgh. Retrieved 23 February 2021.
- 1 2 "Projects: William Robertson Chair of History, The University of Edinburgh". Syllogism. Retrieved 23 February 2021.
- ↑ "Fellows - P" (PDF). Royal Historical Society. January 2021. Retrieved 23 February 2021.
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