Dicranidae

Dicranidae
Dicranum scoparium
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Division:	Bryophyta
Class:	Bryopsida
Subclass:	Dicranidae Doweld
Orders
Catoscopiales Distichiales Flexitrichales Scouleriales Bryoxiphiales Pseudoditrichales Grimmiales Archidiales Pleurophascales Mitteniales Eustichiales Amphidiales Dicranales Rhabdoweisiales Sorapillales Ditrichales Pottiales Bruchiales Erpodiales Orthotrichales

The Dicranidae are a widespread and diverse subclass of mosses in class Bryopsida, with many species of dry or disturbed areas. They are distinguished by their spores; the peristome teeth are haplolepidous with a 4:2:3 formula, and an exostome is absent. ^[1]

Systematics

Traditionally, the Dricanidae comprised about six to eight orders. ^{[1] [2]} However, phylogenetic analysis using molecular markers suggested that Dicranales was paraphyletic with respect to Pottiales. ^{[2] [3]}

A recently phylogenomic analysis led to a break-up of Dicranales and creation of a number of new small orders. ^[3] The phylogenetic relationships recovered within Dicranidae are shown in the cladogram below. The orders Bryoxiphiales, Pseudoditrichales and Mitteniales were not sampled in this study.

Dicranidae	Catoscopiales Distichiales Flexitrichales Scouleriales Grimmiales Archidiales Pleurophascales Eustichiales Amphidiales Dicranales sensu stricto  Rhabdoweisiales   Sorapillales Bruchiales Erpodiales Ditrichales Pottiales	=Dicranales sensu lato

References

1. Goffinet, Bernard; William R. Buck & Jonathan Shaw (2008). Goffinet, B. & A. J. Shaw (eds.). "Morphology, anatomy, and classification of the Bryophyta". Bryophyte Biology. Second Edition. New York, New York, USA: Cambridge University Press: 55–138. ISBN   9780521693226.
2. Stech, Michael; Frey, Wolfgang (2008). "A morpho-molecular classification of the mosses (Bryophyta)". Nova Hedwigia. 86 (1–2): 1–21. doi:10.1127/0029-5035/2008/0086-0001.
3. Bechteler, Julia; Peñaloza-Bojacá, Gabriel; Bell, David; Burleigh, J. Gordon; McDaniel, Stuart F.; et al. (4 October 2023). "Comprehensive phylogenomic time tree of bryophytes reveals deep relationships and uncovers gene incongruences in the last 500 million years of diversification". American Journal of Botany. 110 (11). Wiley Periodicals LLC. doi: 10.1002/ajb2.16249 . eISSN   1537-2197. hdl: 10486/713895 . ISSN   0002-9122.