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Diego Novelli | |
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| Mayor of Turin | |
| In office 14 July 1975 –25 January 1985 | |
| Preceded by | Giovanni Picco |
| Succeeded by | Giorgio Cardetti |
| Member of the Chamber of Deputies | |
| In office 2 July 1987 –29 May 2001 | |
| Member of the European Parliament | |
| In office 17 June 1984 –2 July 1987 | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 22 May 1931 Turin,Italy |
| Political party | PCI (till 1991) LR (1991–1999) |
Diego Novelli (born 22 May 1931) is an Italian politician. He is a former mayor of Turin.
A member of the city council of Turin since 1960,Novelli was elected Mayor of Turin in 1975 with the support of the Italian Communist Party (PCI) and the Italian Socialist Party (PSI),and remained in office for 10 years,during the difficult Years of Lead. Novelli was a member of the European Parliament from 1984 to 1987, [1] when he was elected to the Chamber of Deputies. He remained a member until 2001. With the svolta della Bolognina and the end of the PCI,he co-founded with Leoluca Orlando the left-wing party The Network (LR) and tried to be re-elected mayor of Turin in 1993,supported by LR and the Communist Refoundation Party. Although he was ahead on the first round,he was defeated on the second ballot by the centre-left candidate Valentino Castellani. [2] In 2009,Novelli stood in the 2009 European Parliament election in Italy with Left Ecology and Freedom but failed to be elected. In 2011,he was elected president of the provincial committee of ANPI. [3]
Enrico Berlinguer was an Italian politician. Considered the most popular leader of the Italian Communist Party (PCI),he led the PCI as the national secretary from 1972 until his death during a tense period in Italy's history,which was marked by the Years of Lead and social conflicts,such as the Hot Autumn of 1969–1970. Berlinguer was born into a middle-class family;his father was a socialist who became a deputy and later senator. After leading the party's youth wing in his hometown,he led the PCI's youth wing,the Italian Communist Youth Federation (FGCI),at the national level from 1949 to 1956. In 1968,he was elected to the country's Chamber of Deputies,and he became the leader of the PCI in 1972;he remained a deputy until his death in 1984. Under his leadership,the number of votes for the PCI peaked. The PCI's results in 1976 remain the highest for any Italian left-wing or centre-left party both in terms of votes and vote share,and the party's results in 1984,just after his death,remain the best result for an Italian left-wing party in European elections,and were toppled,in terms of vote share in a lower-turnout election,in the 2014 European Parliament election in Italy.
The Italian Communist Party was a communist and democratic socialist political party in Italy. It was founded in Livorno as the Communist Party of Italy on 21 January 1921,when it seceded from the Italian Socialist Party (PSI),under the leadership of Amadeo Bordiga,Antonio Gramsci,and Nicola Bombacci. Outlawed during the Italian fascist regime,the party continued to operate underground and played a major role in the Italian resistance movement. The party's peaceful and national road to socialism,or the "Italian Road to Socialism",the realisation of the communist project through democracy,repudiating the use of violence and applying the Constitution of Italy in all its parts,a strategy inaugurated under Palmiro Togliatti but that some date back to Gramsci,would become the leitmotiv of the party's history.
Palmiro Michele Nicola Togliatti was an Italian politician and leader of Italy's Communist party for nearly forty years,from 1927 until his death. Born into a middle-class family,Togliatti received an education in law at the University of Turin,later served as an officer and was wounded in World War I,and became a tutor. Described as "severe in approach but extremely popular among the Communist base" and "a hero of his time,capable of courageous personal feats",his supporters gave him the nickname il Migliore. In 1930,Togliatti renounced Italian citizenship,and he became a citizen of the Soviet Union. Upon his death,Togliatti had a Soviet city named after him. Considered one of the founding fathers of the Italian Republic,he led Italy's Communist party from a few thousand members in 1943 to two million members in 1946.
Achille Leone Occhetto is an Italian political figure. He served as the last secretary-general of the Italian Communist Party (PCI) between 1988 and 1991,and was the first leader of the Democratic Party of the Left (PDS),the parliamentary socialist successor of the PCI,from 1991 to 1994.
The Italian Republican Party is a political party in Italy established in 1895,which makes it the oldest political party still active in the country. The PRI identifies with 19th-century classical radicalism,as well as Mazzinianism,and its modern incarnation is associated with liberalism,social liberalism,and centrism. The PRI has old roots and a long history that began with a left-wing position,being the heir of the Historical Far Left and claiming descent from the political thought of Giuseppe Mazzini and Giuseppe Garibaldi. With the rise of the Italian Communist Party and the Italian Socialist Party (PSI) to its left,it was associated with centre-left politics. The early PRI was also known for its anti-clerical,anti-monarchist,republican,and later anti-fascist stances. While maintaining those traits,during the second half of the 20th century the party moved towards the centre on the left–right political spectrum,becoming increasingly economically liberal.
The history of the Italian Republic concerns the events relating to the history of Italy that have occurred since 1946,when Italy became a republic after the 1946 Italian institutional referendum. The Italian republican history is generally divided into two phases,the First and Second Republic.
Piero Franco Rodolfo Fassino is an Italian politician with the Democratic Party. He was Mayor of Turin from 2011 until 2016 and is a former national secretary of the Democrats of the Left party.
Marco Rizzo is an Italian politician,who served as leader of the Communist Party (PC) from 2009 to 2023,and as leader of Sovereign and Popular Italy in 2022.
The Italian Socialist Party was a social-democratic and democratic-socialist political party in Italy,whose history stretched for longer than a century,making it one of the longest-living parties of the country. Founded in Genoa in 1892,the PSI was from the beginning a big tent of Italy's political left and socialism,ranging from the revolutionary socialism of Andrea Costa to the Marxist-inspired reformist socialism of Filippo Turati and the anarchism of Anna Kuliscioff. Under Turati's leadership,the party was a frequent ally of the Italian Republican Party and the Italian Radical Party at the parliamentary level,while lately entering in dialogue with the remnants of the Historical Left and the Liberal Union during Giovanni Giolitti's governments to ensure representation for the labour movement and the working class. In the 1900s and 1910s,the PSI achieved significant electoral success,becoming Italy's first party in 1919 and during the country's Biennio Rosso in 1921,when it was victim of violent paramilitary activities from the far right,and was not able to move the country in the revolutionary direction it wanted.
The Democratic Party of the Left was a democratic-socialist and social-democratic political party in Italy. Founded in February 1991 as the post-communist evolution of the Italian Communist Party,the party was the largest in the Alliance of Progressives and The Olive Tree coalitions. In February 1998,the party merged with minor parties to form Democrats of the Left. At its peak in 1991,the party had a membership of 989,708;by 1998,it was reduced to 613,412.
Luciano Violante is an Italian judge and politician. A member of the Italian Parliament from 1979 to 2008,he is particularly interested in questions of justice,the struggle against the Sicilian Mafia,and institutional reform.
Massimo Cacciari is an Italian philosopher and politician who served as Mayor of Venice from 1993 to 2000 and from 2005 to 2010.
The 1968 Italian general election was held in Italy on 19 May 1968. The Christian Democracy (DC) remained stable around 38% of the votes. They were marked by a victory of the Communist Party (PCI) passing from 25% of 1963 to c. 30% at the Senate,where it presented jointly with the new Italian Socialist Party of Proletarian Unity (PSIUP),which included members of Socialist Party (PSI) which disagreed the latter's alliance with DC. PSIUP gained c. 4.5% at the Chamber. The Socialist Party and the Democratic Socialist Party (PSDI) presented together as the Unified PSI–PSDI,but gained c. 15%,far less than the sum of what the two parties had obtained separately in 1963.
The 1992 Italian general election was held on 5 and 6 April 1992. They were the first without the traditionally second most important political force in Italian politics,the Italian Communist Party (PCI),which had been disbanded in 1991. Most of its members split between the more democratic-socialist oriented Democratic Party of the Left (PDS),while a minority who did not want to renounce the communist tradition became the Communist Refoundation Party (PRC);however,between them they gained around 4% less than what the already declining PCI had obtained in the 1987 Italian general election,despite PRC absorbing the disbanded Proletarian Democracy (DP).
Massimo D'Alema is an Italian politician and journalist who was the 53rd prime minister of Italy from 1998 to 2000. He was Deputy Prime Minister of Italy and Italian Minister of Foreign Affairs from 2006 to 2008. D'Alema also served for a time as national secretary of the Democratic Party of the Left (PDS). Earlier in his career,D'Alema was a member of the Italian Communist Party (PCI) and was the first former Communist party member to become prime minister of a NATO country and the only former PCI prime minister of Italy. Due to his first name and for his dominant position in the left-wing coalitions during the Second Republic,he is referred to as Leader Maximo. He is also the author of several books.
The Communist Party is an anti-revisionist Marxist–Leninist communist party in Italy,founded in 2009. It defines itself as "the revolutionary political vanguard organization of the working class in Italy". Since 2013,it is part of the Initiative of Communist and Workers' Parties (INITIATIVE),of which it is one of the founder parties and still the representative for Italy.
Sergio Garavini was an Italian politician,writer and trade unionist.
The Communist Refoundation Party is a communist political party in Italy that emerged from a split of the Italian Communist Party (PCI) in 1991. The party's secretary is Maurizio Acerbo,who replaced Paolo Ferrero in 2017. Armando Cossutta was the party's founder,while Fausto Bertinotti its longest-serving leader (1994–2008). The latter transformed the PRC from a traditional communist party into a collection of radical social movements.
Maria Magnani Noya was an Italian lawyer,politician,and former Member of European Parliament. She was the first female mayor of Turin from 1987 to 1990. Noya was a Vice-President of the European Parliament in the Third European Parliament from 1992 to 1994.
Goffredo Bettini is an Italian politician. He is a founding member of the Democratic Party (PD). As mentor and closest advisor of PD's former secretary Nicola Zingaretti,Bettini is considered one of the most influential and powerful politician within the party.
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