Dimitri Mugianis (born August 4, 1962) is a harm reductionist, activist, musician, poet, writer, anarchist, and psychedelic practitioner.
Dimitri was born in Detroit, Michigan to a politically leftist Greek American family. While still a teenager, Dimitri began writing poetry and songs, and using drugs. The first great artistic and personal influence on his life outside of his family was the late photographer Misha Gordin, [1] with whom he collaborated with on film projects and performances culminating in a special homecoming show at Saint Andrews Hall in Detroit in 1985. [2]
In 1977, Mugianis formed a band with Glenn Johnson called Mr. Unique & the Leisure Suits, later renamed Leisure Class. [3] The band experimented with a very wide range of styles, from punk rock and rock opera to "Weimar oompah," often inciting rage in their audiences. [4]
In 1983, Leisure Class moved to New York City [5] where Dimitri's heroin use increased along with the band's popularity. The Beats were a major influence on him, in terms of both his performance style and his drug use. He became involved with members of the Beat scene, notably Herbert Huncke [6] and Gregory Corso. [7] During this time Dimitri supported himself by working as a bike messenger and a dishwasher. [8] He also worked in the mailroom and loading docks of the publisher Time, Inc., and became a representative for The News Guild of New York, Local 31003 CWA.
In the 1990s, Dimitri moved back to Detroit for a couple of years in an attempt to get clean. He worked at Another Fucking Bar [9] and Heaven, [10] two legendary after-hours clubs in Detroit he ran with his brother.
While Dimitri was in Detroit, his common law wife died of drug-related causes while pregnant. [11] He moved back to New York City, and by 2002, his daily $150–$200 heroin habit had grown to also included cocaine and 100 mg of methadone. [11] The musician Adam Nodelman was the first to tell Dimitri about ibogaine, [11] a hallucinogen that is the key sacrament in the Central African religion Bwiti, and known to interrupt dependence on opiates without withdrawal—but was illegal in the United States. Dimitri also met Allan Clear, who worked at a syringe access program that provided other harm reduction services to drug users during the early years of the AIDS epidemic, and was a major influence to Dimitri's approach to drug addiction treatment. [12]
In an effort to cease his drug use, Mugianis traveled to the Netherlands for ibogaine treatment. [8] [11] During his ibogaine-induced hallucinations, he saw his Greek ancestors, his own future, and Papa Andre, the Gabonese shaman he would work with later. He then traveled to Icaria, his ancestral homeland on the Aegean Sea. He has not used methadone, heroin, or cocaine since his treatment.
Inspired to help others in need, Dimitri made plans to become an underground ibogaine provider, focusing on detoxing hardcore addicts. [4] Howard Lotsof, father of the American ibogaine movement and discoverer of its anti-addiction properties, [13] became Dimitri's mentor and friend. [14] In 2005, having already completed hundreds of ibogaine treatments, Dimitri was approached by Michel Negroponte, [15] director of Methadonia, [16] who wanted to document his work with addicts. Negroponte followed Dimitri on his first journey to Gabon to film his initiation into Bwiti, and showed how Dimitri incorporated the spiritual practices of Bwiti into his detox treatments. [17]
In 2006, Mugianis began to critique the commodification of psychedelics and ritual, shifting from advocate to a concerned practitioner with a critical eye—while plant medicines open the mind and spirit, and offer new possibilities by inviting people to reimagine themselves in the world around them, societal structures surrounding that world typically work toward the consolidation of social power and have a negative impact on humanity. these two pathways operate at odds with one another. [18]
In 2009, Mugianis began to change his relationship with Bwiti, distancing himself from its hierarchal structure and rudimentary interpretations of addiction that didn't connect with the complexities of trauma suffered by the addicts he was working with. [19] He stopped focusing exclusively on Ibogaine, re-contextualized his practice, and began incorporating MDMA and psilocybin in his treatments abroad. Moving away from result-oriented, linear ways of healing, he studied sound therapy with Alexandre Tannous, [20] and began to meld his Bwiti ceremonial training in Gabon with what he learned from performing in night clubs for 20 years—to utilize harm reduction as a nonlinear approach to healing, with an ethos of self love and forgiveness. Dimitri's concept of radical hospitality honors the individual and amplifies the self healing instinct that brings people to seek psychedelic medicines to begin with, while reinforcing that there is nothing inherently wrong with the ego. He considers it the antidote to the shaming that often occurs in the psychedelic space around the idea of ego dissolution—or letting the ego die. His mantra to the approach is “there’s no wrong way for one to do this wrong.”
Dimitri was an early member of Voices Of Community Activists & Leaders (VOCAL-NY), a statewide grassroots membership organization that builds power among low-income people affected by HIV/AIDS, the drug war, mass incarceration, and homelessness in order to create healthy and just communities. [21] In 2009, he spoke about the dangers of medicalizing Ibogaine as a panelist of the VOCAL-NY Users Union talk at The international Ibogaine conference in Sayulita Mexico. [22] He was also active during the formation of HRI (Harm Reduction International), a leading NGO dedicated to reducing the negative health, social, and legal impacts of drug use and drug policy. Mugianis has advocated for the human rights of drug users on a global scale, speaking at numerous international conferences. [23]
In 2011, Dimitri and two others were arrested by a DEA task force and accused of arranging an Ibogaine intervention for an addict referred to them by her doctor. [24] The three were represented by legendary civil rights attorney Tony Serra, and after a year-long court battle they were eventually convicted of a misdemeanor drug charge and served 45 days house arrest. [25] [26]
Since 2011, Dimitri has worked at the non-profit organization New York Harm Reduction Educators (NYHRE). Over the course of several years, Mugianis, along with psychotherapist Brian Murphy and acupuncturist Juan Cortez, developed holistic offerings including weekly ritual ceremony, acupuncture, massage, Tai Chi, gong yoga, sound therapy, and nature trips for active drug users, sex workers, the homeless, and previously incarcerated people seeking help—a first-of-its kind program for a vulnerable and socially excluded population. [27]
His work at NYHRE made him a hallmark of harm reduction, a movement many consider integral to improving the state of addiction in the US. [28] Mugianis also continued to work with psychedelics abroad during this time, including an Ibogaine clinic in Costa Rica.
In 2014, Mugianis founded Plant Medicine in Recovery, a mutual aid group composed of people who had used psychedelics and plant medicine to recover from addiction. This group morphed into Psychedelics in Recovery, an International organization that is a 12 step,12 tradition fellowship, which welcomes members from any 12 step group, regardless of their addictive patterns, and incorporates psychedelics in their 12 step recovery process.
Inspired by the Krishnamurti quote, “It is no measure of health to be well adjusted to a profoundly sick society”, Dimitri and Brian Murphy formed the Psychedelic Disintegration support group in 2019, in reaction to the normalization of the psychedelic experience emphasis in psychedelic renaissance that is placed on “integration”. [29]
Art and performance are still remain an important part of Dimitri's life. In August 2020, he participated in the Duende Reading Series at Primitive Grace in NYC, and read an excerpt from the autobiography that he is currently writing.
On August 6, 2021, Mugianis released a public statement on TikTok stating his belief that "when you die your soul goes up onto the roof and stays there for eternity" and that "the soul stays stuck up there until someone knocks it down with a long pole and your new life begins". [30]
Dimitri's story and work have been featured in numerous media outlets including the New York Times, Village Voice, Rolling Stone, NPR, VICE News, Salon.com, The Daily Beast, DoubleBlind Magazine, and The Psychedelic Times, and he was the subject of the 2009 documentary “Dangerous with Love '' by Michael Negroponte. I'm Dangerous With Love ran the festival circuit in 2009-2010 and was released on DVD in April 2011. [31] Dimitri is featured in Season 2, Episode 9 of the Crimetown podcast by Gimlet Media. [32]
Recreational drug use is the use of one or more psychoactive drugs to induce an altered state of consciousness, either for pleasure or for some other casual purpose or pastime. When a psychoactive drug enters the user's body, it induces an intoxicating effect. Recreational drugs are commonly divided into three categories: depressants, stimulants, and hallucinogens.
Harm reduction, or harm minimization, refers to a range of intentional practices and public health policies designed to lessen the negative social and/or physical consequences associated with various human behaviors, both legal and illegal. Harm reduction is used to decrease negative consequences of recreational drug use and sexual activity without requiring abstinence, recognizing that those unable or unwilling to stop can still make positive change to protect themselves and others.
Tabernanthe iboga (iboga) is an evergreen rainforest shrub native to Central Africa. A member of the Apocynaceae family indigenous to Gabon, the Democratic Republic of Congo, and the Republic of Congo, it is cultivated across Central Africa for its medicinal and other effects.
Bwiti is a spiritual discipline of the forest-dwelling Punu people and Mitsogo peoples of Gabon and by the Fang people of Gabon. Modern Bwiti incorporates animism, ancestor worship, and in some cases, Christianity, into a syncretistic belief system.
Irvin Dana Beal is an American social and political activist, best known for his efforts to legalize marijuana and to promote the benefits of Ibogaine as an addiction treatment. He is a founder and long-term activist in the Youth International Party (Yippies), and founded the Yipster Times newspaper in 1972. The Yipster Times was renamed Overthrow in 1978, and ended publication in 1989.
Substance dependence, also known as drug dependence, is a biopsychological situation whereby an individual's functionality is dependent on the necessitated re-consumption of a psychoactive substance because of an adaptive state that has developed within the individual from psychoactive substance consumption that results in the experience of withdrawal and that necessitates the re-consumption of the drug. A drug addiction, a distinct concept from substance dependence, is defined as compulsive, out-of-control drug use, despite negative consequences. An addictive drug is a drug which is both rewarding and reinforcing. ΔFosB, a gene transcription factor, is now known to be a critical component and common factor in the development of virtually all forms of behavioral and drug addictions, but not dependence.
Howard Lotsof was an American scientific researcher who discovered and pioneered the use of ibogaine as an approach in Western medicine in the treatment of substance addictions. In 1962, at the age of 19, Lotsof was addicted to heroin and accidentally discovered the anti-addictive effects of ibogaine. He later attended Fairleigh Dickinson University and then New York University, graduating with a degree in film in 1976.
Ibogaine is a naturally occurring psychoactive substance found in plants in the family Apocynaceae such as Tabernanthe iboga, Voacanga africana, and Tabernaemontana undulata. It is a psychedelic with dissociative properties.
Deborah Carmen Mash is an American professor of neurology and of molecular and cellular pharmacology at the Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, and director of the Brain Endowment Bank at the University of Miami. She is also the Chief Executive Officer and founder of DemeRx.
Sacrament of Transition is a new religious movement based in Slovenia, based on and promoting the sacramental use of the psychoactive plant Tabernanthe iboga and its psychoactive chemical constituent ibogaine. The founder of Sacrament of Transition is Marko Resinovic. The organization routinely sponsors psychedelic-related conferences and meetings.
18-Methoxycoronaridine, also known as zolunicant, is a derivative of ibogaine invented in 1996 by the research team around the pharmacologist Stanley D. Glick from the Albany Medical College and the chemists Upul K. Bandarage and Martin E. Kuehne from the University of Vermont. In animal studies it has proved to be effective at reducing self-administration of morphine, cocaine, methamphetamine, nicotine and sucrose. It has also been shown to produce anorectic effects in obese rats, most likely due to the same actions on the reward system which underlie its anti-addictive effects against drug addiction.
Indole alkaloids are a class of alkaloids containing a structural moiety of indole; many indole alkaloids also include isoprene groups and are thus called terpene indole or secologanin tryptamine alkaloids. Containing more than 4100 known different compounds, it is one of the largest classes of alkaloids. Many of them possess significant physiological activity and some of them are used in medicine. The amino acid tryptophan is the biochemical precursor of indole alkaloids.
Addiction medicine is a medical subspecialty that deals with the diagnosis, prevention, evaluation, treatment, and recovery of persons with addiction, of those with substance-related and addictive disorders, and of people who show unhealthy use of substances including alcohol, nicotine, prescription medicine and other illicit and licit drugs. The medical subspecialty often crosses over into other areas, since various aspects of addiction fall within the fields of public health, psychology, social work, mental health counseling, psychiatry, and internal medicine, among others. Incorporated within the specialty are the processes of detoxification, rehabilitation, harm reduction, abstinence-based treatment, individual and group therapies, oversight of halfway houses, treatment of withdrawal-related symptoms, acute intervention, and long term therapies designed to reduce likelihood of relapse. Some specialists, primarily those who also have expertise in family medicine or internal medicine, also provide treatment for disease states commonly associated with substance use, such as hepatitis and HIV infection.
Heroin-assisted treatment (HAT), or diamorphine-assisted treatment, refers to a type of Medication-Assisted Treatment (MAT) where semi-synthetic heroin is prescribed to opiate addicts who do not benefit from, or cannot tolerate, treatment with one of the established drugs used in opiate replacement therapy such as methadone or buprenorphine. For this group of patients, heroin-assisted treatment has proven superior in improving their social and health situation. Heroin-assisted treatment is fully a part of the national health system in Switzerland, Germany, the Netherlands, Canada, and Denmark. Additional trials are being carried out in the United Kingdom, Norway, and Belgium.
In 1924, following concerns about the treatment of addicts by doctors, James Smith Whitaker suggested to the Home Office who suggested to the Ministry of Health Departmental Committee on Morphine and Heroin Addiction be formed under the chairmanship of Sir Humphry Rolleston to "... consider and advise as to the circumstances, if any, in which the supply of morphine and heroin to persons suffering from addiction to those drugs may be regarded as medically advisable, and as to the precautions which it is desirable that medical practitioners administering or prescribing morphine or heroin should adopt for the avoidance of abuse, and to suggest any administrative measures that seem expedient for securing observance of such precautions". The committee is usually referred to as the Rolleston Committee.
Patrick Karel Kroupa known colloquially as Lord Digital is an American writer, hacker and activist. Kroupa was a member of the Legion of Doom and Cult of the Dead Cow hacker groups and co-founded MindVox in 1991, with Bruce Fancher.
About 1 in 7 Americans suffer from active addiction to a particular substance. Addiction can cause physical, psychological, and emotional harm to those who are affected by it. The American Society of Addiction Medicine defines addiction as "a treatable, chronic medical disease involving complex interactions among brain circuits, genetics, the environment, and an individual's life experiences. People with addiction use substances or engage in behaviors that become compulsive and often continue despite harmful consequences." In the world of psychology and medicine, there are two models that are commonly used in understanding the psychology behind addiction itself. One model is referred to as the disease model of addiction. The disease model suggests that addiction is a diagnosable disease similar to cancer or diabetes. This model attributes addiction to a chemical imbalance in an individual's brain that could be caused by genetics or environmental factors. The second model is the choice model of addiction, which holds that addiction is a result of voluntary actions rather than some dysfunction of the brain. Through this model, addiction is viewed as a choice and is studied through components of the brain such as reward, stress, and memory. Substance addictions relate to drugs, alcohol, and smoking. Process addictions relate to non-substance-related behaviors such as gambling, spending money, sexual activity, gaming, spending time on the internet, and eating.
Iboga-type alkaloids are a set of monoterpene indole alkaloids comprising naturally occurring compounds found in Tabernanthe and Tabernaemontana, as well as synthetic structural analogs. Naturally occurring iboga-type alkaloids include ibogamine, ibogaine, tabernanthine, and other substituted ibogamines
. Many iboga-type alkaloids display biological activities such as cardiac toxicity and psychoactive effects, and some have been studied as potential treatments for drug addiction.This is an overview of the legality of ibogaine by country. Ibogaine is not included on the UN International Narcotics Control Board's Green List, or List of Psychoactive Substances under International Control. However, since 1989, it has been on the list of doping substances banned by the International Olympic Committee and the International Union of Cyclists because of its stimulant properties.
The International Center for Ethnobotanical Education, Research, and Service (ICEERS) is a non-profit organization (NPO), headquartered in Barcelona. ICEERS is dedicated to transforming society's relationship with psychoactive plants by engaging with some of the fundamental issues resulting from the globalization of ayahuasca, iboga, and other ethnobotanicals. Founded in 2009, ICEERS is registered as a non-profit organization, and has charitable status in the Netherlands and Spain, and through partner organizations in the US and UK. ICEERS also has consultative status with the United Nations' ECOSOC.
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