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BoersBOORZ; Afrikaans: Boere are the descendants of the proto Afrikaans-speaking Free Burghers of the eastern Cape frontier in Southern Africa during the 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries. From 1652 to 1795, the Dutch East India Company controlled Dutch Cape Colony, but the United Kingdom incorporated it into the British Empire in 1806. The name of the group is derived from Trekboer then later "boer", which means "farmer" in Dutch and Afrikaans.
The Cape Colony, also known as the Cape of Good Hope, was a British colony in present-day South Africa named after the Cape of Good Hope. It existed from 1795 to 1802, and again from 1806 to 1910, when it united with three other colonies to form the Union of South Africa, then became the Cape Province, which existed even after 1961, when South Africa had become a republic, albeit, temporarily outside the Commonwealth of Nations (1961–94).
The written history of the Cape Colony in what is now South Africa began when Portuguese navigator Bartolomeu Dias became the first modern European to round the Cape of Good Hope in 1488. In 1497, Vasco da Gama sailed along the whole coast of South Africa on his way to India, landed at St Helena Bay for 8 days, and made a detailed description of the area. The Portuguese, attracted by the riches of Asia, made no permanent settlement at the Cape Colony. However, the Dutch East India Company (VOC) settled the area as a location where vessels could restock water and provisions.
Johan Anthoniszoon "Jan" van Riebeeck was a Dutch navigator, ambassador and colonial administrator of the Dutch East India Company.
Maria van Riebeeck was a French Huguenot who was the first wife of Jan van Riebeeck, the Dutch colonial administrator and first commander of the settlement at the Cape.
Jan van Riebeeck landed at the Cape on 6 April 1652, setting up a supply station and fortifications for the Dutch East India Company. The decade saw the beginning of European settlement, marked by the introduction of crops from Europe and the New World and culminating in war with the Khoikhoi in 1659.
The following lists events that happened during the 1660s in South Africa.
The area known today as Cape Town has no written history before it was first mentioned by Portuguese explorer Bartholomeu Dias in 1488. The German anthropologist Theophilus Hahn recorded that the original name of the area was '||Hui !Gais' – a toponym in the indigenous Khoi language meaning "where clouds gather."
Georg Friedrich Wreede or Georgius Fredericius Wreede was governor of Dutch Mauritius from 1665 to 1672, with a break between 1668-1669.
Autshumato was a chief of the Khoikhoi Gorinhaikonas who worked as an interpreter for the Europeans in present-day, Cape Town, South Africa prior and during the establishment of the Dutch settlement on the Cape of Good Hope in 1652.
The "!Oroǀõas" ("Ward-girl"), spelled in Dutch as Krotoa or Kroket, otherwise known by her Christian name Eva, was a !Uriǁ'aeǀona translator who worked for the Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie (VOC) during the founding of the Cape Colony.
The Khoikhoi–Dutch Wars refers to a series of armed conflicts that took place in the latter half of the 17th century in what was then known as the Cape of Good Hope, in the area of present-day Cape Town, South Africa, fought primarily between Dutch colonisers, who came mostly from the Dutch Republic and the local African people, the indigenous Khoikhoi.
Although the Portuguese basked in the nautical achievement of successfully navigating the cape, they showed little interest in colonization. The area's fierce weather and rocky shoreline posed a threat to their ships, and many of their attempts to trade with the local Khoikhoi ended in conflict. The Portuguese found the Mozambican coast more attractive, with appealing bays to use as waystations, prawns, and links to gold ore in the interior.
Zacharias Wagenaer was a German-born Dutch clerk, illustrator, merchant, member of the Court of Justice, opperhoofd of Deshima and the only German governor of the Dutch Cape Colony. In 35 years he traveled over four continents.
Protestantism in South Africa accounted for 73.2% of the population in 2010. Approximately 81% of South Africans are Christian and 5 out of 6 Christians are Protestant. Later censuses do not ask for citizens’ religious affiliations. Estimates in 2017 suggested that 62.5% of the population are Protestant.
Max du Preez is a South African author, columnist and documentary filmmaker and was the founding editor of Vrye Weekblad. Vrye Weekblad Online or Vrye Weekblad II was launched on 5 April 2019 again with Max du Preez as editor.
The Strandlopers are a Khoikhoi-derived people who live by hunting and gathering food along the beaches of south-western Africa, originally from the Cape Colony to the Skeleton Coast.
The Dutch Cape Colony was a Dutch United East India Company (VOC) colony in Southern Africa, centered on the Cape of Good Hope, from where it derived its name. The original colony and the successive states that the colony was incorporated into occupied much of modern South Africa. Between 1652 and 1691, it was a Commandment, and between 1691 and 1795, a Governorate of the VOC. Jan van Riebeeck established the colony as a re-supply and layover port for vessels of the VOC trading with Asia. The Cape came under VOC rule from 1652 to 1795 and from 1803 to 1806 was ruled by the Batavian Republic. Much to the dismay of the shareholders of the VOC, who focused primarily on making profits from the Asian trade, the colony rapidly expanded into a settler colony in the years after its founding.
Piekenierskloof Pass is a mountain pass that is part of the N7 national road, running south of Citrusdal in the mountains west of the Olifants River in Western Cape, South Africa.
References
- 1 2 3 4 Preez, Max du (5 November 2010). Of Tricksters, Tyrants and Turncoats: More Unusual Stories from South Africa's Past. Penguin Random House South Africa. p. 18. ISBN 978-1-77020-137-8.
- ↑ Du Plessis, Menán (2018). Kora: A Lost Khoisan Language of the Esrly Cape and the Gariep. University of South Africa Press. pp. 279, 345, & 347. ISBN 978-1-86888-982-2.
- 1 2 Boonzaier, Emile (1997). The Cape Herders: A History of the Khoikhoi of Southern Africa. New Africa Books. p. 71. ISBN 978-0-86486-311-9.
- 1 2 Jack, Malcolm (8 October 2018). To the Fairest Cape: European Encounters in the Cape of Good Hope. Rutgers University Press. p. 64. ISBN 978-1-68448-000-5.
- 1 2 3 Preez, Max du (5 November 2010). Of Tricksters, Tyrants and Turncoats: More Unusual Stories from South Africa's Past. Penguin Random House South Africa. p. 19. ISBN 978-1-77020-137-8.
- 1 2 3 4 5 Boonzaier, Emile (1997). The Cape Herders: A History of the Khoikhoi of Southern Africa. New Africa Books. p. 72. ISBN 978-0-86486-311-9.
- 1 2 Preez, Max du (5 November 2010). Of Tricksters, Tyrants and Turncoats: More Unusual Stories from South Africa's Past. Penguin Random House South Africa. p. 20. ISBN 978-1-77020-137-8.
- ↑ Moodie, Donald, ed. (1838). The Record Or, A Series of Official Papers Relative to the Condition and Treatment of the Native Tribes of South Africa. p. 272. doi:10.1017/CBO9781139058896. ISBN 9781108032643.
- ↑ Helfrich, Kim (7 August 2019). "New Reserve Force unit names". defenceWeb. Retrieved 16 September 2022.