Domenico Sacchinelli (18 April 1766 - 6 July 1844) was an abbot of the Catholic Church. He is best known for having followed and helped Fabrizio Ruffo and the Sanfedisti army to restore the Kingdom of Naples and the Bourbon dynasty, after the short-lived Parthenopean Republic (1799). In 1836, after a few decades, he published his memoirs of that period, titled Memorie storiche sulla vita del cardinale Fabrizio Ruffo.[1]
The first page of the memoirs written by abbot Domenico Sacchinelli
Life
Domenico Sacchinelli was born in Pizzoni, Calabria (Italy), from Francesco Sacchinelli and Serafina Conciatore,[2] who decided to give him a good education; they also wanted him to become a monk. Nonetheless, when he was just 18 years old, he decided to leave his hometown in order to get a job as a scribe in the city of Catanzaro, inside the Cassa sacra; this was an institution founded by king Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies to recover from the earthquake occurred in 1783.[3] In this new position, thanks to the rigid education he had been given, he proved to be highly skilled and professional in his job, and because of this he was highly respected by his superior, the auditor and government inspector Carlo Pedicini, who wanted Sacchinelli to work for him in his new seat in Monteleone. There he could continue his education and in 1794 he was ordained as priest,[4] thus becoming the priest in the diocese of Mileto.[3]
The activities carried out inside the diocese and his intellectual skills (reported by his superiors) managed to bring him closer to CardinalFabrizio Ruffo, who was then in Calabria, busy in recruiting militias, which would form the Christian Royal Army, (Italian: Armata Cristiana e Reale, later known as Army of Holy Faith Italian: Esercito della Santa Fede). Ruffo wanted him to join the espedition, hiring him as undersecretary (Italian: sotto segretario alla Segreteria dell'Armata), with a wage of twenty ducats per month[5]
This episode was crucial in Sacchinelli's life, who switched from being a humble priest in a small town to being involved in battles which led to the fall of the Parthenopean Republic (1799) and to the Restoration of the Bourbon kings. In this period, he was close to Cardinal Ruffo, sharing all the most delicate moments and decision; later in his life, he wrote a memoir on Ruffo's life.[3]
After the restoration, he continued to collaborate with Ruffo, travelling between Rome, Naples, Palermo and Paris and following, as a secretary, Ruffo's affairs. In this period, he was also promoted abbot, but the exact date is unknown. He's also remembered in history as an abbot, but he probably didn't belong to any religious order, and he may instead have been a "secular abbot".
On August 1823, he had the privilege to join the Conclave, where new Pope Leo XII was elected, following also in this situation the Cardinal Ruffo, who wanted Sacchinelli to accompany him as a conclavist.[6]
After this last period in Naples, he eventually returned to his hometown Pizzoni after having been away from home for so long (except some short periods). He bought from the Cassa sacra, the ruins of what once was the ancient convent of San Basilio and the nearby church names Chiesa del soccorso.[7] On the area of the convent, he built a small building, for himself and his relatives, while the reconstruction of the church, later called "Vergine Santissima del Rosario", was attended by his two nieces Fortunata and Rosa, both of them sisters and daughters of Sacchinelli's brother Nicola.[8]
He eventually left Pizzoni, in order to spend the last part of his life in Monteleone, where, as proposed by Giuseppa Ruffo of the princes of Scilla, wife of senatorEnrico Gagliardi, was hired by don Francesco Gagliardi marquis of Panaya as his advisor, confirming the high esteem and trust gained by Sacchinelli among the most prominent members ruling class of the time.[2]
Memorie storiche sulla vita del Cardinale Fabrizio Ruffo, con osservazioni sulle opere di Coco, di Botta e di Colletta. Second Edition, Tip. Poliglotta, Roma 1895 (1st ed.: Cattaneo, Napoli 1836)
Filia, Francesco (1907). Breve monografia storico-critica sull'Abate Domenico Sacchinelli, segretario e biografo del cardinale Fabrizio Ruffo. Napoli: Tip. Lanciano e Veraldi.
Casaburi, Mario (2003). Fabrizio Ruffo: l'uomo, il cardinale, il condottiero, l'economista, il politico. Soveria Mannelli: Rubbettino Editore. ISBN8849805810.
Harold Acton - I Borboni di Napoli: 1734-1825. Giunti Editori Firenze - 1997
Giovanni Pititto - Archivio Storico della Calabria - Nuova Serie - Anno I. Numero 1. Luigi Pellegrini Editore. Cosenza - 2013
Giovanni Maresca - Carteggio del Cardinale Fabrizio Ruffo, con Lord Acton e la regina Maria Carolina. ASPN, Anno VIII, Fasc. II (1983)
Oscar Sanguinetti - Altamura. La strage delle Innocenti. Un falso storico contro l'insorgenza italiana (1999?)- In Storia & Identita - Istituto Storico dell'Insorgenza e per l'Identità Nazionale
Fabrizio Dionigi Ruffo was an Italian cardinal and politician, who led the popular anti-Jacobin Sanfedismo movement.
The Collegio Clementino is a palace in Rome, central Italy, sited between the Strada del'Orso and the banks of the Tiber. It was founded by Pope Clement VIII in 1595, to host Slavonian refugees. Giacomo della Porta was commissioned to erect a suitable building to house them, which would be one of the aged architect's last projects. On February 25, 1601, Urban VIII shifted the Slavs to Loreto and refounded the Collegio Clementino as an elite school for young noblemen of every nation and the richest families in Rome. The musical tradition of the Collegio Clementino remained strong: Alessandro Scarlatti wrote oratorios for Carnival seasons and came up from Naples to oversee their production.
Achille Costa was an Italian zoologist working mainly in entomology who was appointed director of the Zoological Museum of Naples. He founded the entomological collections in Naples and described many new species.
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Francesco Saverio Mergalo was an Italian painter of the Rococo or late-Baroque period, active near his natal city of Monteleone di Calabria. He was best known for his portraits.
Michele Tenore was an Italian botanist active in Naples, Italy.
Giuseppe Maria Galanti (1743–1806) was an Italian historian and economist, in the Kingdom of Naples.
Sanfedismo was a popular anti-Jacobin movement, organized by Fabrizio Cardinal Ruffo, which mobilized peasants of the Kingdom of Naples against the pro-French Parthenopaean Republic in 1799, its aims culminating in the restoration of the Monarchy under Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies. Its full name was the Army of Holy Faith in our Lord Jesus Christ, and its members were called Sanfedisti.
Giacomo Gorrini was an Italian diplomat and historian.
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Francesco Maria Mirabella was an Italian historian, educator, and poet.
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The Altamuran Revolution was a three-month period of self-government of Italian town Altamura, right after the birth of the Parthenopean Republic which ousted the Bourbons and the Kingdom of Naples. The city of the Kingdom of Naples was then defeated and taken by the so-called Sanfedisti, led by cardinal Fabrizio Ruffo, after a battle on the city walls. After being defeated, most Altamurans managed to flee through Porta Bari, one of Altamura's main gates.
Gioacchino de Gemmis was a Catholic bishop, archpriest, prelate and rector of the University of Altamura. He's best known for his role in the so-called Altamuran Revolution (1799), advocating peace and helping the refugees, who had fled Altamura after the battle with the Sanfedisti, to be allowed in Terlizzi.
Vitangelo Bisceglia was an Italian botanist, agronomist and professor. He taught inside the University of Altamura. Because of his being a polymath, he's been described as "an encyclopedic spirit, the honor of the Muses".
Ottavio Serena was an Italian politician, judge, prefect and historian. He is known in his hometown Altamura for his works about local history, such as the Altamuran Revolution (1799). His contribution and the testimonies he collected allowed to shed light on some historical events (such as the killing of Giovanni Firrao and on legendary toponyms.
Giuseppe Maria Giovene was an Italian archpriest, naturalist, agronomist, geologist, meteorologist, entomologist and ichthyologist. He is best known for his studies on the "nitrosity" of Pulo di Molfetta, which made him famous abroad, so as to be cited and appreciated by many Italian and foreign scholars, including Eberhard August Wilhelm von Zimmermann in a French publication.
Amico Ricci Petrocchini, Petruccini or Petruchini (1794-1862) was an Italian art historian and marquess. He is most notable for his 1834 Memorie storiche delle arti e degli artisti della Marca di Ancona, the first systematic survey of art history in the Marche. He also composed a number of cantatas for viola (1862).
Porta Matera was one of the main gates of the old city of Altamura. They were part of the City Walls of Altamura, which were completely demolished during the nineteenth century since they had become useless for defence purposes. The gate itself was demolished in 1872. The monastery Monastero del Soccorso is located on the left side of the gate, while on the right some ruins of the city walls can be seen, presumably saved from destruction because of the bas-relief depicting "Pipino's leg".
1 2 Govanni Pititto, Archivio Storico della Calabria - Nuova Serie - Anno I. Numero 1, Nota n.36. Luigi Pellegrini Editore. Cosenza -2013
1 2 3 Maria Lombardo, L'abate Sacchinelli, con il cardinale Ruffo per la Santa Fede - 14/7/2015. Ne "Il retadattore.it (pubblicazione on line) Fonte
↑ Tino Puntillo, Bagnara 1799-1815 - Patrioti e briganti durante l'occupazione francese. Anno I, numero 1.Pag. 25. Torino - 2011 (Doc. Pdf) "Copy from the archive"(PDF). Archived from the original(PDF) on 13 March 2016. Retrieved 23 October 2015.
↑ Giovanni Maresca, Carteggio del Cardinale Fabrizio Ruffo, con Lord Acton e la regina Maria Carolina. ASPN, Anno VIII, Fasc. II, (1983) pag. 289.
↑ Mario Casaburi, Fabrizio Ruffo: l'uomo, il cardinale, il condottiero, l'economista, il politico. Pagg. 266-267. Rubbettino Editore, 2003 - Soveria Mannelli Fonte
↑ Parrocchia di Pizzoni, La Madonna del Rosario, Diocesi di Mileto, Nicotera, Tropea FonteArchived 25 August 2017 at the Wayback Machine
↑ Salvatore Pitimada, Le famiglie di Pizzoni dal 1586 al 1895. Atti notarili. Pag. 417 (3 Gennaio 1859) . Pizzoni (Doc.Pdf) Fonte
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