Donald "Don" Gary Ostrowski [1] [2] (born 1945 [1] ) is an American historian, and a lecturer in history at Harvard Extension School. [3] He specialises in the political and social history Kievan Rus' and Muscovy (early modern Russia). [4]
Ostrowski received his PhD in history from Pennsylvania State University in 1977. [1] [4] He is known for his work on textual criticism of the Primary Chronicle. [5] [6] The Povest’ vremennykh let: An Interlinear Collation and Paradosis (Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute, 2003) under his co-editorship received the Early Slavic Studies Association Award for Distinguished Scholarship. [3] Together with scholars such as Oleksiy Tolochko and Ludolf Müller (1917–2009), Ostrowski is credited with having reignited interest in textual criticism of the Primary Chronicle around the year 2000. [7] [6] His work in advancing this field has been praised by many, [8] [7] [6] though some parts of his methodology have been questioned by fellow scholars. [9]
Ostrowski's other publications include Who Wrote That? Authorship Controversies from Moses to Sholokhov (2020) and two other monographs, and six co-edited collections of articles. [3] Serhii Plokhy (2006) said that Ostrowski's monograph Muscovy and the Mongols (1998) 'successfully challenged the myth of the "Tatar yoke" and persuasively identified numerous borrowings of the Muscovite political elite and society from their Qipchaq overlords.' [10] The evidence put forth had made it 'difficult to reject the argument of Russian Eurasianists and Western scholars like Keenan and Ostrowski that the early modern Russian state was much more a product of its recent Mongol experience than of the chronologically and geographically removed Kyivan past.' [11] The book also re-dated all of the literary works of the Kulikovo cycle to after the 1440s, a significant conclusion for dating the translatio of the Rus' land from the Middle Dnieper to Suzdalia. [12]
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: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)The Primary Chronicle, shortened from the common Russian Primary Chronicle, is a chronicle of Kievan Rus' from about 850 to 1110. It is believed to have been originally compiled in or near Kiev in the 1110s. Tradition ascribed its compilation to the monk Nestor beginning in the 12th century, but this is no longer believed to have been the case.
Nestor the Chronicler or Nestor the Hagiographer was a monk from the Kievan Rus who is known to have written two saints' lives: the Life of the Venerable Theodosius of the Kiev Caves and the Account about the Life and Martyrdom of the Blessed Passion Bearers Boris and Gleb.
The Life of Alexander Nevsky is an Old East Slavic hagiography about Alexander Nevsky, composed and edited in stages between the late 13th century and the mid-15th century. In most manuscript copies, its full title is Tale about the Life of the Brave, Blessed, and Great Prince Alexander Nevskii.
Askold and Dir, mentioned in both the Primary Chronicle, the Novgorod First Chronicle, and the Nikon Chronicle, were the earliest known rulers of Kiev.
The Novgorod First Chronicle, also known by its 1914 English edition title The Chronicle of Novgorod, 1016–1471, is the oldest extant Rus' chronicle of the Novgorod Republic. Written in Old East Slavic, it reflects a literary tradition about Kievan Rus' which differs from the Primary Chronicle.
The Rus'–Byzantine Treaty of 911 is the most comprehensive and detailed treaty which was allegedly concluded between the Byzantine Empire and Kievan Rus' in the early 10th century. It was preceded by the preliminary treaty of 907. It is considered the earliest written source of Kievan Rus' law. The text of this treaty is only found in the Primary Chronicle (PVL), and its authenticity is therefore difficult to establish.
Serhii Mykolayovych Plokhy is a historian and author. He is the Mykhailo Hrushevsky professor of Ukrainian history at Harvard University, where he also serves as the director of the Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute.
The gathering of the Russian lands or Rus' lands was the process in which new states – usually the Principality of Moscow and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania – acquired former territories of Kievan Rus' from the 14th century onwards, claiming to be its legitimate successor. In Russian historiography, this phenomenon represented the consolidation of a national state centered on Moscow. The sobriquet gatherer of the Russian lands or Rus' Land is also given to the grand princes of Moscow by Russian historians, especially to Ivan III. The term is also used to describe the expansion of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania into Rus' principalities; the Lithuanian grand dukes claimed authority over all territories inhabited by Rus' people. Some historians argue that Lithuania began "gathering Rus' lands" before Muscovy did. The rules of Moscow adopted the title Sovereign of all Russia while the Lithuanian Grand Dukes adopted the title King of the Lithuanians and [many] Ruthenians and later under the Polish–Lithuanian union as King of Poland, Grand Prince of Lithuania, Rus', Prussia, Samogitia, Mazovia and other.
This is a select bibliography of post-World War II English-language books and journal articles about the Early Slavs and Rus' and its borderlands until the Mongol invasions beginning in 1223. Book entries may have references to reviews published in academic journals or major newspapers when these could be considered helpful.
This is a select bibliography of post World War II English language books and journal articles about the history of Russia and its borderlands from the Mongol invasions until 1613. Book entries may have references to reviews published in academic journals or major newspapers when these could be considered helpful.
Kyi dynasty, also known as the Kyivites was allegedly a dynasty of early medieval Polans rulers of Kyiv.
The calling of the Varangians, calling of the (Varangian) princes or invitation to the Varangians is a legend about the origins of the Rus' people, the Rurik dynasty and the Kievan Rus' state, recorded in many divergent versions in various manuscripts and compilations of Rus' chronicles. These include the six main witnesses of the Primary Chronicle and the Novgorod First Chronicle (NPL), as well as later textual witnesses such as the Sofia First Chronicle and the Pskov Third Chronicle.
The Khlebnikov Codex is a codex of Rus' chronicles compiled in the 1560s.
Textual variants in the Primary Chronicle manuscripts of the Kievan Rus' arise when a copyist makes deliberate or inadvertent alterations to the text that is being reproduced. Textual criticism of the Primary Chronicle or Tale of Bygone Years has included study of its textual variants.
The Trinity Chronicle is a Rus' chronicle written in Church Slavonic, probably at the Trinity Lavra near Moscow by Epiphanius the Wise.
Textual criticism or textology of the Primary Chronicle or Tale of Bygone Years aims to reconstruct the original text by comparing extant witnesses. This has included the search for reliable textual witnesses ; the collation and publication of such witnesses; the study of identified textual variants ; discussion, development and application of methods according to which the most reliable readings are identified and favoured of others; and the ongoing publication of critical editions in pursuit of a paradosis.
Serhii Oleksiyovych Buhoslavskyi was a Russian Imperial and Soviet literary historian, musicologist and composer from present-day Ukraine. Buhoslavskyi is known for his work on textual criticism of the Primary Chronicle.
Charles J. Halperin is an American historian specialising in the high and late medieval history of Eastern Europe, particularly the political and military history of late Kievan Rus', the Golden Horde, and early Muscovy. Aside from several monographs, including three on Ivan the Terrible, over 100 articles of Halperin have been published.
Tetyana Leonidivna Vilkul is a Ukrainian historian specialising in medieval Ukrainian history, and a senior research fellow of the Institute of History of Ukraine. She is known as one of the scholars who reinvigorated scientific interest and research efforts into textual criticism of the Primary Chronicle (PVL) in the early 21st century.
Inés García de la Puente is a Spanish-born American medievalist specialising in the East Slavic Middle Ages and Translation Studies. She is a research assistant professor of Russian and Comparative Literature at Boston University, and an expert in the history and culture of Kievan Rus', particularly the role of women in the ruling elite and trade routes, as well as camels in pre-Mongol Kiev.