陳穆公"},"succession":{"wt":"17th ruler of [[Chen (state)|Chen]]"},"reign":{"wt":"647–632 BC"},"predecessor":{"wt":"[[Duke Xuan of Chen]]"},"successor":{"wt":"[[Duke Gong of Chen]]"},"full name":{"wt":""},"father":{"wt":"[[Duke Xuan of Chen]]"},"spouse":{"wt":""},"issue":{"wt":"[[Duke Gong of Chen]]"},"birth_date":{"wt":"672 BC"},"death_date":{"wt":"632 BC"}},"i":0}}]}" id="mwAg">17Th ruler of Chen
Duke Mu of Chen 陳穆公 | |
---|---|
17th ruler of Chen | |
Reign | 647–632 BC |
Predecessor | Duke Xuan of Chen |
Successor | Duke Gong of Chen |
Born | 672 BC |
Died | 632 BC |
Issue | Duke Gong of Chen |
Father | Duke Xuan of Chen |
Duke Mu of Chen (Chinese :陳穆公; pinyin :Chén Mù Gōng; born 672 BC, reigned 647 BC – died 632 BC) was the seventeenth ruler of the ancient Chinese state of Chen during the Spring and Autumn period. His ancestral surname was Gui, given name Kuan (款), and Mu (穆) was his posthumous name. [1]
Prince Kuan was born in 672 BC to the favourite concubine of Duke Xuan of Chen. Duke Xuan's original heir apparent was Crown Prince Yukou, but after Kuan was born, he killed Yukou and made Kuan his new heir apparent. [1] [2] Yukou was close to Chen Wan, the son of Duke Li of Chen. Afraid that his life was also in danger, Chen Wan fled to the State of Qi where he established the Chen (later known as Tian) clan. The Chen clan of Qi would grow increasingly powerful over the centuries, and eventually usurped the Qi throne. [1]
In 653 BC, Prince Kuan represented Chen at a conference at Ningmu in the State of Lu, and made an alliance with Duke Huan of Qi, Duke Xi of Lu, Duke Huan of Song, and Crown Prince Hua of Zheng. [3] After the death of King Hui of Zhou, Prince Kuan attended another conference in early 652 BC to discuss the succession of the Zhou court. [4]
Duke Xuan reigned for 45 years and died in 648 BC. Kuan succeeded his father as ruler of Chen, to be known as Duke Mu. [1] Duke Mu reigned for 16 years and died in 632 BC. He was succeeded by his son Shuo, to be known as Duke Gong of Chen. [5]
Jin, originally known as Tang (唐), was a major state during the middle part of the Zhou dynasty, based near the centre of what was then China, on the lands attributed to the legendary Xia dynasty: the southern part of modern Shanxi. Although it grew in power during the Spring and Autumn period, its aristocratic structure saw it break apart when the duke lost power to his nobles. In 453 BC, Jin was split into three successor states: Han, Zhao and Wei. The Partition of Jin marks the end of the Spring and Autumn Period and the beginning of the Warring States period.
Duke Huan of Qi, personal name Xiǎobái (小白), was the ruler of the State of Qi from 685 to 643 BC. Living during the chaotic Spring and Autumn period, as the Zhou dynasty's former vassal states fought each other for supremacy, Duke Huan and his long-time advisor Guan Zhong managed to transform Qi into China's most powerful polity. Duke Huan was eventually recognized by most of the Zhou states as well as the Zhou royal family as Hegemon of China. In this position, he fought off invasions of China by non-Zhou peoples and attempted to restore order throughout the lands. Toward the end of his more than forty-year-long reign, however, Duke Huan's power began to decline as he grew ill and Qi came to be embroiled in factional strife. Following his death in 643 BC, Qi completely lost its predominance.
Duke Huan of Jin was from 388 to 369 BC the titular ruler of the State of Jin during the beginning of the Warring States period of ancient China. His ancestral name was Ji, given name Qi, and Duke Huan was his posthumous title recorded in the Bamboo Annals, while the Records of the Grand Historian refers to him as Duke Xiao of Jin (晉孝公).
Duke Ding of Qi was the second recorded ruler of the ancient Chinese state of Qi during the Western Zhou Dynasty. His personal name was Lü Ji (呂伋) and ancestral name was Jiang (姜).
Duke Wen of Qi was from 815 to 804 BC the tenth recorded ruler of the State of Qi during the Western Zhou Dynasty of ancient China. His personal name was Lü Chi (呂赤), ancestral name Jiang (姜), and Duke Wen was his posthumous title.
Duke Xi of Qi was from 730 to 698 BC the thirteenth recorded ruler of the State of Qi during the Spring and Autumn period of ancient China. His personal name was Lü Lufu (呂祿甫), ancestral name Jiang (姜), and Duke Xi was his posthumous title.
Duke Xiang of Qi was from 697 to 686 BC the fourteenth recorded ruler of the State of Qi, a major power during the Spring and Autumn period of ancient China. His personal name was Lü Zhu'er (呂諸兒), ancestral name Jiang (姜), and Duke Xiang was his posthumous title.
Duke Huan of Lu was from 711 to 694 BC the 15th ruler of the State of Lu during the Spring and Autumn period of ancient China. His ancestral name was Ji (姬), given name Yun (允) or Gui (軌), and Duke Huan was his posthumous title.
Duke Zhao of Qi was from 632 to 613 BC ruler of the State of Qi, a major power during the Spring and Autumn period of ancient China. His personal name was Lü Pan (呂潘), ancestral name Jiang (姜), and Duke Zhao was his posthumous title. He was known as Prince Pan before his accession to the throne.
Duke Qing of Qi was from 598 to 582 BC ruler of the State of Qi, a major power during the Spring and Autumn period of ancient China. His personal name was Lü Wuye (呂無野), ancestral name Jiang (姜), and Duke Qing was his posthumous title.
Duke Ling of Qi was from 581 to 554 BC ruler of the State of Qi, a major power during the Spring and Autumn period of ancient China. His personal name was Lü Huan (呂環), ancestral name Jiang (姜), and Duke Ling was his posthumous title. Duke Ling succeeded his father Duke Qing of Qi, who died in 582 BC after 17 years of reign.
Duke Dao of Qi was from 488 to 485 BC ruler of the State of Qi, a major power during the Spring and Autumn period of ancient China. His personal name was Lü Yangsheng (呂陽生), ancestral name Jiang (姜), and Duke Dao was his posthumous title. Before ascending the throne he was known as Prince Yangsheng.
Duke Xuan of Qi was from 455 to 405 BC the titular ruler of the State of Qi during the transition from the Spring and Autumn to the Warring States period of ancient China. His personal name was Lü Ji (呂積), ancestral name Jiang (姜), and Duke Xuan was his posthumous title.
Duke Kang of Qi was from 404 to 386 BC the titular ruler of the State of Qi during the early Warring States period of ancient China. His personal name was Lü Dai (呂貸), ancestral name Jiang (姜), and Duke Kang was his posthumous title. He was the final Qi ruler from the House of Jiang.
Duke Huan of Chen was the twelfth ruler of the Ancient Chinese state of Chen during the early Spring and Autumn period. His ancestral surname was Gui, given name Bao (鮑), and Huan (桓) was his posthumous name.
Crown Prince Mian was the eldest son and designated successor of Duke Huan of Chen, the twelfth ruler of the ancient Chinese state of Chen during the early Spring and Autumn period. His given name was Mian (免).
Duke Li of Chen was the fourteenth ruler of the ancient Chinese state of Chen during the early Spring and Autumn period. His ancestral surname was Gui, given name Yue (躍), and Li (厲) was his posthumous name.
Duke Zhuang of Chen was the fifteenth ruler of the ancient Chinese state of Chen during the Spring and Autumn period. His ancestral surname was Gui, given name Lin (林), and Zhuang (莊) was his posthumous name.
Duke Xuan of Chen was the sixteenth ruler of the ancient Chinese state of Chen during the Spring and Autumn period. His ancestral surname was Gui, given name Chujiu (杵臼), and Xuan (宣) was his posthumous name.
Crown Prince Yukou was the original heir apparent of Duke Xuan of Chen, the sixteenth ruler of the ancient Chinese state of Chen during the Spring and Autumn period. In 672 BC, the 21st year of his reign, Duke Xuan's favourite concubine gave birth to a son named Kuan. Duke Xuan killed Yukou and made Kuan his new heir apparent.