Eagle of Kayan | |
---|---|
General information | |
Type | Assembly hall |
Location | Kayan Valley, Baghlan Province, Afghanistan |
Coordinates | 35°16′48″N68°30′43″E / 35.2800°N 68.5120°E |
Completed | 1996 |
Destroyed | September 1998 |
Technical details | |
Structural system | Iron and steel |
Floor count | 1 |
Design and construction | |
Architect(s) | Aseemuddin Adel |
Other information | |
Seating capacity | 10-12 guests |
The Eagle of Kayan, also known as the Kayan Eagle, was an architectural structure situated in the Kayan Valley of northern Baghlan Province, Afghanistan. Constructed in the early 1990s, this structure became a landmark, symbolizing cultural strength and architectural ingenuity. The Eagle of Kayan was officially inaugurated on December 10, 1996, in a grand ceremony attended by political and cultural figures from across Afghanistan. [1]
The project was the idea of Sayed Mansur Naderi, a spiritual and political leader who supported the project in all terms. [2]
The eagle has symbolic significance in the history of Ismaili Muslims globally. The Alamut Castle in Iran, historically a stronghold of the Ismaili forces, was often referred to as the "Eagle's Nest." Similarly, Kayan Valley has been referred to as the "Second Eagle's Nest" due to its role as a center for Ismaili political and military activities during the 1980s and 1990s. [3] [4]
The Eagle of Kayan was designed by the engineer Aseemuddin Adel. Its exterior was constructed primarily from iron and steel, fashioned to resemble a giant eagle in flight. Inside, the structure functioned as a luxurious assembly hall, accommodating 10 to 12 guests. The interior was crafted to host political and cultural gatherings, reflecting the community of the Kayan Valley during the 1990s. [1]
The Kayan Valley, often compared to Alamut in Iran due to its similar topographical features, is sometimes referred to as the "second eagle's nest." The valley was known for its functioning schools, universities, cultural centers, factories, and libraries, making it a unique and thriving region in Afghanistan during a period of widespread conflict. [2]
Visitors to the Eagle of Kayan could reach the structure via several routes including a stairway with over 1,000 steps led from the bottom of the hill to the Eagle, offering a scenic and physically engaging climb. An electric railway cabin for VIP guests, a small electric railway cabin was available, providing a convenient ascent to the top of the hill. And also, there was a road for vehicles to drive up to the hilltop. [2]
In early September 1998, the Taliban took control of northern Afghanistan, including the Kayan Valley. Shortly after their takeover, the Taliban destroyed the Eagle of Kayan using explosives. This act of destruction was part of a broader campaign by the Taliban against cultural and historical monuments, similar to their later demolition of the Bamyan Buddhas. The motive behind the Taliban's move to destroy Kayan's Eagle statue was described to be historically religious issues between the Shia Ismailis and the Hanafi Sunnis. Ismailis, being a very minority religious group in Afghanistan have been discriminated due to their belief. Following the Taliban's takeover of Kayan Valley in 1998, dozens of Ismaili members were massacred and tens of thousand of them fled for their lives to the neighboring Pakistan and Iran countries. [5] [6]
The Kayan Valley is located about 30 kilometers west of the Doshi district in northern Baghlan Province. The majority of the valley's residents belong to the Sadat and Hazara tribes, and the community is notable for its rich cultural heritage within the Ismaili sect of Islam. [7] [8]
Alamut is a mountain fortress at an altitude of 2163 meters at the central Alborz, in the Iranian stanza of Qazvin, about 100 kilometers from Tehran. In 1090 AD, the Alamut Castle, a mountain fortress in present-day Iran, came into the possession of Hassan-i Sabbah, a champion of the Nizari Ismaili cause. Until 1256, Alamut functioned as the headquarters of the Nizari Ismaili state, which included a series of strategic strongholds scattered throughout Persia and Syria, with each stronghold being surrounded by swathes of hostile territory.
Baghlan is one of the 34 provinces of Afghanistan. It is in the north of the country. As of 2020, the province has a population of about 1,014,634.
Bamyan Province, also spelled Bamiyan, Bāmīān or Bāmyān, is one of the thirty-four provinces of Afghanistan with the city of Bamyan as its center, located in central parts of Afghanistan.
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Baghlan is a city in northern Afghanistan, in the eponymous province, Baghlan Province. It is located three miles east of the Kunduz River, 35 miles south of Khanabad, and about 500 metres above sea level in the northern Hindu Kush. Baghlan's capital, Pul-e-Khumri, is known to be an economic hub connected to eight other provinces by the Kabul-North highway.
Puli Khumrī, also spelled Pul-i-Khumri or Pol-e Khomri, is a city in northern Afghanistan. Puli Khumri is the capital and largest city of Baghlan Province, whose name comes from the other major town in the province, Baghlan. The city has an estimated population of about 221,274 as of 2015, making it about the 9th-largest city of Afghanistan, and the second-largest city in northeastern Afghanistan after Kunduz. It is a major industrial city.
Sayed Jafar Naderi is an ethnic Sadat-Ismaili who controlled Baghlan Province of Afghanistan during the early 1990s. He was born in Kayan, Baghlan and is also known as Sayyid-e Kayan. The son of Sayed Mansoor Naderi, previous Vice-President of Afghanistan, Sayed Jafar Naderi went to school in England at age 10, after his father was made a political prisoner. He was sent to the United States at age 13 where he became known as Jeff Naderi.
Jeff B. Harmon is an American film director, writer, and producer. He is also an actor, photographer, and song writer.
Kayan is a town in Baghlan Province in north eastern Afghanistan It is located in the valley of Kayan, some 30 kilometres west of Dushi. It is the official seat of Sayed of Kayan; a ruling Historical title of Northern Afghanistan. The residents of Kayan valley are mostly members of Sadat and Hazara tribes loyal to Sayed Kayan who has been the official representative of Aga Khan in Afghanistan. These Sayyids follow Isma'ili Islam.
Sayed Kayan or Sayed of Kayan is a ruling title in northern areas of Afghanistan. Ismaili community in Afghanistan is led by this family of Syeds hailing from the historical valley of Kayan Baghlan.
Sayed Mansur Naderi is incumbent Sayed of Kayan; leader of Ismaili Shi'a community of Afghanistan centred in Baghlan Province and also in other parts of Afghanistan. This community although Shia is smaller than the mainstream Twelver Shia community in Afghanistan.
Shia Islam in Afghanistan is practiced by a significant minority of the population. According to a PEW 2021 survey, 7% of Afghans followed Shia Islam, but other estimates have put the number as high as 35%. Afghanistan's Shia are primarily the Twelvers, while a minority are Ismailis.
Alamut or Rudbar is a region in Iran including western and eastern parts on the western edge of the Alborz (Elburz) range, between the dry and barren plain of Qazvin in the south and the densely forested slopes of the Mazandaran province in the north. Starting from Qazvin toward Alamut, passing through the first range of hills, curvatures, forms, are significant themes in nature's composition of this area. The famous Ismaili castle of Alamut and numerous others are in this area, which served as the heartland of the state founded by Hassan-i Sabbah.
The Nizari state was a Nizari Isma'ili Shia state founded by Hassan-i Sabbah after he took control of the Alamut Castle in 1090 AD, which marked the beginning of an era of Ismailism known as the "Alamut period". Their people were also known as the Assassins or Hashashins.
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