E. J. Wayland | |
---|---|
Edward James Wayland | |
![]() | |
Born | January 23, 1888 London |
Died | 11 July 1966 (aged 78) Ramsgate, Kent |
Nationality | British |
Citizenship | England, Uganda |
Education | City of London College, Royal College of Science, Royal School of Mines, Cambridge University. |
Occupation | Geologist |
Organization | The Uganda Society |
Predecessor | Sir Albert Cook |
Successor | Dr. H. H. Hunter |
Spouse | Ellen Morrison |
Awards | CBE (Commander of the Order of the British Empire) in 1935 |
Edward James Wayland C.B.E, 23 January 1888- 11 July 1966 was a British geologist and author. He was the first president of the Geological Survey of Uganda and co-founder of The Uganda Society in 1923. [1] [2]
Wayland was born in London on 1888 to Edward Wayland and Emily Street. He was educated at the City of London College, the Royal College of Science, and the Royal School of Mines. [1] [3] He also studied archaeology at Cambridge University. [3] [2]
Wayland conducted geological fieldwork in Egypt in 1909 and Portuguese, East Africa (Mozambique) in 1911 and Sri Lanka before the First World War. [1] [3] From 1912, he worked as an Assistant Mineralogical Surveyor for Ceylon. During World War I, he served in France from 1916 to 1919. [2]
After the war, he became a Government Geologist in Uganda, where he also had interest in archaeology, especially early prehistory. He joined the Geological Survey of Uganda in 1919 and became its director in 1920. [1] [3] He was involved in mineral prospecting, geological mapping, and research in Uganda and neighboring countries. [3] [4] He discovered a number of archaeological sites and stone tools in Uganda, such as Nsongezi and was part of the team that excavated the Luzira head. He also wrote about the relationship between rift valleys, rivers, rains, and early human evolution in Africa. [1] [4]
He briefly studied archaeology at Cambridge University during his directorship of the Geological Survey of Uganda. [1] [3]
In 1923, he was one of the founding members of The Uganda Society, a cultural, and scientific society and became its president in 1934–1935. He served in the British Army during the Second World War and was sent to Botswana in 1943, where he became the director of the Bechuanaland Geological Survey. [3] He also excavated and wrote about prehistoric sites and fossils in Botswana, such as Tsodilo Hills and Makapansgat. In 1939–45, he again served in the war, but this time he also did geological work in Bechuanaland (Botswana). [1]
Wayland was awarded with the CBE (Commander of the Order of the British Empire) in 1935 for his services to geology and archaeology in Uganda. [1] [3]
He retired in 1953 and moved to Ramsgate, Kent, where he died on 11 July 1966. [1] [3] He donated many of his archaeological and paleontological specimens to the British Museum and other institutions. [3] He is regarded as one of the pioneers of African prehistory and a mentor to many African and British scholars. [1] [3]
Wayland married Ellen Morrison in 1917. [1]
Mahikeng, formerly known as Mafikeng and alternatively known as Mafeking, is the capital city of the North West province of South Africa.
Andrew Geddes Bain, was a South African geologist, road engineer, palaeontologist and explorer.
The Bechuanaland Protectorate was a protectorate established on 31 March 1885 in Southern Africa by the United Kingdom. It became the Republic of Botswana on 30 September 1966.
William Francis Grimes was a Welsh archaeologist. He devoted his career to the archaeology of London and the prehistory of Wales. He was appointed a CBE in 1955.
Stuart Ernest Piggott, was a British archaeologist, best known for his work on prehistoric Wessex.
This is a survey of the postage stamps and postal history of Bechuanaland Protectorate.
Robert Bruce Foote was a British geologist and archaeologist who conducted geological surveys of prehistoric locations in India for the Geological Survey of India. For his contributions to Indian archaeology, he is called the father of Indian prehistory.
Gertrude Caton Thompson, was an English archaeologist at a time when participation by women in the discipline was uncommon. Much of her archaeological work was conducted in Egypt. However, she also worked on expeditions in Zimbabwe, Malta, and South Arabia. Her notable contributions to the field of archaeology include creating a technique for excavating archaeological sites and information on Paleolithic to Predynastic civilizations in Zimbabwe and Egypt. Caton Thompson held many official positions in organizations such as the Prehistoric Society and the Royal Anthropological Institute.
John Walter Gregory,, was a British geologist and explorer, known principally for his work on glacial geology and on the geography and geology of Australia and East Africa.
Raymond Alexander Price, is a Canadian geologist. He has used his research on the structure and tectonics of North America’s lithosphere to produce extensive geological maps. He has also provided guidance for nuclear fuel waste disposal and reports on the human contribution to Global warming.
John Kenneth Sinclair St Joseph, was an English archaeologist, geologist and Royal Air Force (RAF) veteran who pioneered the use of aerial photography as a method of archaeological research in Britain and Ireland. He was Professor of Aerial Photographic Studies at the University of Cambridge from 1973 to 1980.
Robert Millner Shackleton FRS was a British field geologist who developed an interest in the geology of East Africa. He initiated structural studies across orogenic belts in Tanzania-Zambia-Malawi, major studies across the Limpopo Belt and adjacent Archaean greenstone belts of Zimbabwe-Botswana-South Africa and projects across the orogenic systems of Egypt, Sudan and Kenya. Just prior to his death he was working on a detailed compilation of the Precambrian geology of East Africa. At the age of 75 he led a Royal Society geological traverse across Tibet, in collaboration with the Academica Sinica, Beijing.
Richard Frederick Paynter Hardman, CBE is a British geologist and a leading applied petroleum geologist. He was the president of the Geological Society of London, 1996 – 1998 and Chair of the Petroleum Society of Great Britain. In a career spanning over 40 years, he worked in oil and gas exploration as a geologist in Libya, Kuwait, Colombia, Norway, and the North Sea with companies including BP, Amoco and Amerada Hess. Working as an Oil & Gas Drilling & Exploration consultant, he was later Executive Director, Exploration at Regal Petroleum (2005–2006), Atlantic Petroleum UK, and a Director of FX Energy, Inc., based in Salt Lake City, US, since 2003.
Christian Arthur Edgar "Tim" O'Brien was a British exploration geologist and author. In 1936 he was also involved in the discovery of the Chogha Zanbil ziggurat in Southern Iran. Appointed by BP In 1967, he retired in 1971 as chairman of the boards and general managing director of the Iranian Oil Operating Companies, stationed in Tehran, and was appointed a CBE for services to the oil industry.
The Luzira Head locally known as the Mpanga Head is the name of a terracotta head found at Luzira, Uganda. Estimated to be about 1000 years old, it is one of the oldest Sub-saharan sculptures yet discovered in Africa. Since 1931, it has been part of the British Museum's ethnographic collection.
Elinor Wight Gardner, a geology lecturer at Bedford College, London and research fellow at Lady Margaret Hall, is best known for her field surveys with Gertrude Caton–Thompson of the Kharga Oasis which are now recognized as pioneering interdisciplinary research in Africa.
Clarence van Riet Lowe was a South African civil engineer and archaeologist. He was appointed by Jan Smuts as the first director of the Bureau of Archaeology and was among the first group to investigate the archaeological site of Mapungubwe.
Edward Hubert Cunningham Craig FRSE FGS (1874-1946) was a Scottish geologist and cartographer. He is remembered for extensive mapping as part of HM Geological Survey 1896 to 1907. He was an expert at finding new oil-fields in the early 20th century and worked across the planet in this role.
Kenneth Arthur Davies OBE CMG was a British geologist, director of the geological survey of Uganda, and recipient of the Murchison Medal of the Geological Society of London.