Afonso I, also called Afonso Henriques, nicknamed the Conqueror and the Founder by the Portuguese, was the first king of Portugal. He achieved the independence of the County of Portugal, establishing a new kingdom and doubling its area with the Reconquista, an objective that he pursued until his death.
Theresa was Countess of Portugal, and for a time claimant to be its independent Queen. She rebelled against her half-sister Queen Urraca of León. She was recognised as Queen by Pope Paschal II in 1116, but was captured and forced to accept Portugal's vassalage to León in 1121, being allowed to keep her royal title. Her political alliance and amorous liaison with Galician nobleman Fernando Pérez de Traba led to her being ousted by her son, Afonso Henriques, who with the support of the Portuguese nobility and clergy, defeated her at the Battle of São Mamede in 1128.
Henry, Count of Portugal, was the first member of the Capetian House of Burgundy to rule Portugal and the father of the country's first king, Afonso Henriques.
The Battle of São Mamede took place on 24 June 1128 near Guimarães and is considered the seminal event for the foundation of the Kingdom of Portugal and the battle that ensured Portugal's independence. Portuguese forces led by Afonso Henriques defeated forces led by his mother Teresa of Portugal and her lover Fernão Peres de Trava. Following São Mamede, the future king styled himself "Prince of Portugal". He would be called "King of Portugal" starting in 1139 and was recognised as such by neighbouring kingdoms in 1143.
This is a historical timeline of Portugal.
The Treaty of Zamora recognized Portugal as a kingdom with its own monarch by the Kingdom of León. Based on the terms of the accord, King Alfonso VII of León recognized the Kingdom of Portugal in the presence of his cousin King Afonso I of Portugal, witnessed by the papal representative, Cardinal Guido de Vico, at the Cathedral of Zamora. Both kings promised durable peace between their kingdoms. By this treaty, Afonso I of Portugal also recognized the suzerainty of the Pope.
Gómez Núñez was a Galician and Portuguese political and military leader in the Kingdom of León. His power lay in the valley of the Minho, mainly on the north side, bounded by the Atlantic on the west and corresponding approximately with the Diocese of Tui. There, according to a contemporary source, he had "a strong site, a fence of castles and a multitude of knights and infantry."
The County of Portugal refers to two successive medieval counties in the region around Guimarães and Porto, today corresponding to litoral northern Portugal, within which the identity of the Portuguese people formed. The first county existed from the mid-ninth to the mid-eleventh centuries as a vassalage of the Kingdom of Asturias and the Kingdom of Galicia and also part of the Kingdom of León, before being abolished as a result of rebellion. A larger entity under the same name was then reestablished in the late 11th century and subsequently elevated by its count in the mid-12th century into an independent Kingdom of Portugal.
Santo Isidoro is a former civil parish in the municipality of Marco de Canaveses, northern Portugal. In 2013, the parish merged into the new parish Santo Isidoro e Livração. In 2001 there were 1495 inhabitants in a 3.73 square kilometres (1.44 sq mi) region fronting the Douro.
Bermudo Pérez de Traba, the eldest son of Count Pedro Fróilaz de Traba and his first wife Urraca Fróilaz, was a member of the most important medieval lineage in Galicia. He governed as a tenente Trastámara, Faro, Viseu, and Seia, owned vast estates in his native land, and was a generous patron of religious institutions.
Soeiro Raimundes de Riba de Vizela was a Portuguese nobleman, who served as alferes-mor of Afonso II of Portugal.
Moninho Viegas, called the Gascon or Monio Viegas was a Portuguese nobleman of the 10th and 11th centuries. This Gascon was one of the first, with the help of his brothers, to fight the Moors of Almanzor in Portugal, taking part in the reconquest of western Ribadouro. Moninho Viegas was the founder of Monastery of Villa-Boas.
Gonçalo Mendes de SousaThe Good (1120–1190) was a Portuguese nobleman, who participated in the Battle of Ourique.
Sancho Nunes de Barbosa, Lord of Celanova (1070–1130) was a Galician nobleman.
The Treaty of Tuy was a treaty signed in Tuy, the Kingdom of León, in 1137 between the Count of Portugal, Afonso Henriques, and the King of León, Alfonso VII the Emperor. It put an end to the Portuguese-Leonese War of 1130-1137.
Urraca Henriques was an infanta of Portugal, daughter of Henrique de Borgonha, count of Portucale and Teresa de Leão, condessa of Portugal. She was the sister of Afonso Henriques, the first king of Portugal.
Ataíde is the name of a noble family from the Kingdom of Portugal, many of whose members played important roles in the course of the Portuguese overseas exploration and expansion and in the internal and foreign policies of Portugal and its empire.
The siege of Guimarães was a military siege that took place between the Portuguese separatist forces and the Leonese forces of Afonso VII, who marched into the County of Portugal in 1127, and attacked the Castle and city of Guimarães, the seat of King Afonso Henriques and the Portuguese nobles who had revolted that year against the authority of Countess Teresa.
The Luso–Leonese War of 1130–1137 was an armed conflict between the Kingdom of León and the County of Portugal which took place primarily in the Kingdom of Galicia. This war took place during the reigns of Alfonso VII and Afonso Henriques, and was caused by the territorial claims of Afonso over Galicia and the idea of forming an independent Portuguese kingdom, an objective that would later be achieved after the Treaty of Zamora in 1143. The war ended with the signing of the Treaty of Tuy in 1137.
Egas Moniz I of Ribadouro, called The Gascon or The Old was a medieval nobleman of the County of Portugal, having been lord of Ribadouro, governor of Lamego and the founder of the Monastery of Cucujães.
