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General elections in Singapore must be held within three months after five years have elapsed from the date of the first sitting of a particular Parliament of Singapore, as per the Constitution. However, Parliament can also be dissolved and a general election called at the behest of the Prime Minister before the five-year period elapses. The number of constituencies or electoral divisions is not permanently fixed by law, but is declared by the Prime Minister prior to each general election pursuant to the Parliamentary Elections Act, which governs the conduct of elections to Parliament, taking into account recommendations of the Electoral Boundaries Review Committee.
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There are five types of elections in the United Kingdom: elections to the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, elections to devolved parliaments and assemblies, local elections, mayoral elections, and police and crime commissioner elections. Within each of those categories, there may also be by-elections. Elections are held on Election Day, which is conventionally a Thursday, and under the provisions of the Dissolution and Calling of Parliament Act 2022 the timing of general elections can be held at the discretion of the prime minister during any five-year period. All other types of elections are held after fixed periods, though early elections to the devolved assemblies and parliaments can occur in certain situations. The five electoral systems used are: the single member plurality system (first-past-the-post), the multi-member plurality, the single transferable vote, the additional member system, and the supplementary vote.
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Kota Kinabalu is a federal constituency in West Coast Division, Sabah, Malaysia, that has been represented in the Dewan Rakyat from 1971 to 1974, from 2004 to present.
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Sandakan is a federal constituency in Sandakan Division, Sabah, Malaysia, that has been represented in the Dewan Rakyat since 1971.
Kinabatangan is a federal constituency in Sandakan Division, Sabah, Malaysia, that has been represented in the Dewan Rakyat since 1971.
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References
- Po Jen Yap (ed). Judicial Review of Elections in Asia. (Routledge Studies in Asian Law). Routledge. 2016. pp 58 & 62.
- Christian Schafferer (ed). Election Campaigning in East and Southeast Asia. Ashgate. 2006. pp 55, 61, 73 & 74.
