Emory Place Historic District

Last updated
Emory Place Historic District
Green-and-co-grocery-tn1.jpg
6-12 Emory Place
USA Tennessee location map.svg
Red pog.svg
Usa edcp location map.svg
Red pog.svg
LocationRoughly bounded by Broadway, N. Central, Emory, Fifth, East Fourth, and King
Knoxville, Tennessee
Coordinates 35°58′26.65″N83°55′20.94″W / 35.9740694°N 83.9224833°W / 35.9740694; -83.9224833 Coordinates: 35°58′26.65″N83°55′20.94″W / 35.9740694°N 83.9224833°W / 35.9740694; -83.9224833
Areaapproximately 10 acres (4.0 ha) [1]
Built18801930
Architect Charles I. Barber, Albert Baumann, Sr., Dean Parmalee, R. F. Graf, etc.
Architectural styleRomanesque Revival, Neoclassical Revival
NRHP reference No. 94001259  (original)
100008890  (increase)
Significant dates
Added to NRHPNovember 10, 1994
Boundary increaseApril 20, 2023

The Emory Place Historic District is a historic district in Knoxville, Tennessee, United States, located just north of the city's downtown area. The district consists of several commercial, residential, religious, and public buildings that developed around a late nineteenth century train and trolley station. The district includes the Knoxville High School building, St. John's Lutheran Church, First Christian Church, and some of the few surviving rowhouses in Knoxville. The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1994, with a boundary increase in 2023. [1]

Contents

Following railroad construction in the 1850s, Knoxville slowly expanded northward. In 1890, the "Dummy Line," a railroad line connecting Knoxville and Fountain City, was established, with what is now Emory Place as its southern terminus. A farmers' market and several small industrial and commercial firms developed adjacent to the train station to take advantage of the influx of customers and transportation advantages. While Emory Place declined with the dismantling of Knoxville's trolley system in the late 1940s, many of its late-nineteenth and early-twentieth century buildings still stand, and have been restored. [2]

Location

The Emory Place Historic District is situated around a triangular-shaped area created by the intersections of Broadway and Central Street on the north, Broadway and Fifth Avenue on the southwest, and Central and Fifth on the southeast. [1] Interstate 40 and the Southern Railway tracks divide the district from downtown Knoxville to the south. The Fourth and Gill neighborhood lies to the north, and Old Gray Cemetery lies opposite Broadway to the west.

Emory Place itself is a cross street connecting Central and Broadway. The street was once a wide avenue, much of which has been converted into parking space. Gay Street, downtown Knoxville's main thoroughfare, traverses the Emory Place Historic District, and terminates at Emory Place.

History

Early history

Emory Place (the wide road at the top) and vicinity, as it appeared on an 1886 map of Knoxville Emory-place-knoxville-1886-tn1.jpg
Emory Place (the wide road at the top) and vicinity, as it appeared on an 1886 map of Knoxville

What is now Emory Place was mostly farmland during the first half of the nineteenth century. In the 1850s, two events took place that led to the development of the Emory Place area. The first was the establishment of Old Gray Cemetery in 1850, which served as a de facto public park, and drew pedestrians to the area. The second event was the construction of the railroad, which reached Knoxville in 1855, pushing the city's northern limits to what is now the Southern Railway tracks. The Emory Place area was annexed in 1855. [2]

On July 20, 1863, at the height of the Civil War, Union General William P. Sanders placed artillery along what is now the section of Fifth Avenue between Broadway and Central, and proceeded to shell Knoxville, which was then held by Confederate forces. Return fire scattered the Union artillery, however, and Sanders was forced to retreat. During the Siege of Knoxville in late 1863, Confederate lines stretched across roughly the same area. [2]

After the war, Knoxville continued to expand northward. By 1867, the Knoxville Foundry had been established near what is now the intersection of Broadway and Depot. Farmers from the rural areas north of the city began selling produce out of wagons along what is now Emory Place to Knoxvillians visiting Old Gray Cemetery, and by the late 1880s, Emory Place had become known as "Central Market." [2]

The Dummy Line

The Whittle and Spence Trunk Company building, constructed in 1890 Whittle-and-spence-trunk-building-tn1.jpg
The Whittle and Spence Trunk Company building, constructed in 1890

In 1890, the Fountain City Railroad, commonly called the "Dummy Line," was built to connect Knoxville to the Fountain Head resort at Fountain City. A depot was built at the corner of Broadway and Emory Place that provided the railroad's southern terminus, and the area around the depot began to grow. A large, 33-stall market house was built for the Central Market farmers around the time of the railroad's completion. Small industries also sprang up near the depot, among them the Whittle and Spence Trunk Company (1890), the Knoxville Candy Company (1891), and the Walla Walla Gum Company (1896). [2]

Many of the new businessmen and residents of Emory Place were the children and grandchildren of Irish and German immigrants, who had come to Knoxville in previous decades to help build the railroads. The city's second Catholic church, the Holy Ghost, sprang up along North Central, and St. John's Lutheran Church was erected by second-generation German immigrants. At one point during this period, businessmen operating in the Emory Place district included several Irish saloon keepers and an Irish tinner, a Swiss barber, a Jewish tailor, a Jewish drugstore owner, and an African-American shoe maker. [2]

"Emory Place" is named for Reverend Isaac Emory (18301904), a New York-born minister who moved to a farm north of Knoxville just after the Civil War, and spent several decades establishing Sunday schools across the state. In 1904, Emory was killed in the New Market train wreck, and a park adjacent to the Central Markethouse was renamed "Emory Park" in his honor. [2] The park remained Knoxville's only urban park until it was removed in the 1950s and replaced with parking lots. [2]

Twentieth Century

Rowhouses at 507-509 North Central, built circa 1905 McMillan-place-ephd-tn1.jpg
Rowhouses at 507-509 North Central, built circa 1905
The residence of the late Kristopher Kendrick located in the McMillan Flats (built circa 1900) 105 w 5th Ave.jpg
The residence of the late Kristopher Kendrick located in the McMillan Flats (built circa 1900)

In 1905, the Dummy Line was replaced by an electric trolley, and Emory Place gradually became a residential neighborhood as many of its small industries failed or moved away. Several rowhouses and residential apartments were built along Central and Fifth, among them the Sterchi (now Sterchi Oaks) and the Lucerne. Knoxville High School was built in 1910, its location at the corner of Fifth and Central chosen in part for its proximity to the trolley station at Emory Place. [2]

With the dismantling of the trolley system in 1947 and the construction of the Magnolia Expressway (now part of I-40) in 1951, Emory Place began to decline. Car dealerships starting with the Worsham-Stockton Motor Company (1922) and the Knoxville Buick Company (1927), both on North Gay were the most prominent businesses at Emory Place until the 1970s. [2]

Since the 1980s, many of the buildings at Emory Place have been rehabilitated, and several of the old rowhouses and hotels have been converted into condominiums. In 2010, a development group, Emory Place Partners, purchased several Emory Place properties with plans to rehabilitate and restore them for use as office and retail space. [3]

Notable buildings

The Emory Place Historic District consists of 23 contributing buildings and one contributing object (the "Doughboy" statue on the front lawn of the Knoxville High School building). Most of the buildings were constructed in the early 1900s, with the two oldest 6-12 Emory Place and 15-17 Emory Place completed in 1890. Architectural styles represented in the district include Colonial Revival, Neoclassical, and Richardsonian Romanesque. The St. John's Lutheran Church, at the corner of Emory Place and Broadway, was listed individually on the National Register in 1985. [1]

Knoxville High School

The Knoxville High School building is a two-story Neoclassical/Beaux-Arts structure completed in 1910. The building was designed by noted Knoxville architect Albert Baumann, Sr., of the firm Baumann Brothers, and later of Baumann and Baumann. Knoxville High School operated out of the building from 1910 until 1951, when it was split into four smaller high schools. The Doughboy Statue on the school's front lawn was erected in 1921 to commemorate Knoxville's World War I veterans. [1]

First Christian Church

First Christian Church First-christian-church-knox-tn1.jpg
First Christian Church

The First Christian Church (211 W. Fifth Ave.), built in 1913, was designed by noted Knoxville architect Charles I. Barber. Barber also designed the church's adjacent office building and Sunday school building, which were both completed in 1929. The church is home to a Disciples of Christ congregation. [1]

The church is a two-story Neoclassical structure with Romanesque influences. The exterior walls consist of brick, with a marble cornice, marble panels in the side walls, and marble panels with angel carvings above the front entrance. The facade is fronted by six marble columns with Doric capitals, supporting a pediment with marble detailing. [1]

The church's Sunday school building is a two-story Romanesque structure with a Spanish tile roof, and an arched entrance flanked by stone pilasters with Corinthian capitals. The church's educational and office building is a three-story brick structure with a Roman tile roof and arched double doors. The church, Sunday school, and office building surround a central courtyard, and all three buildings are connected by arched passageways. [1]

3 Emory Place

3 Emory Place, now one building, was originally three units built by the Walla Walla Gum Manufacturing Company, which manufactured chewing gum in the early twentieth century. [1] The east bay of the building, originally 1 Emory Place, was a commercial vernacular structure built by Walla Walla circa 1903. The middle bay and west bay (originally 3 and 5 Emory Place) were two-story annexes built by Walla Walla circa 1919 and 1921, respectively. [1] In 2010, the building was restored by the architectural firm, Sanders Pace, and is currently occupied by an office design company, Ivan Allen Workspace. [3]

6-12 Emory Place

6-12 Emory Place, sometimes called the W. F. Green and Company Grocery Store building after an early occupant, is a two-story brick Richardsonian Romanesque structure built in 1890. The building is four bays wide with brick pilasters between each bay. The building's second story has arched windows with ashlar limestone bases. [1]

15-17 Emory Place

15-17 Emory Place, called the Whittle and Spence Trunk Company building after its first owner, is a two-story Richardsonian Romanesque-style structure built in 1890. [1] The building follows an irregular plan, with the facade of one half of the building facing south, and the facade of the other half facing southeast. The building is currently occupied by an accounting firm, Two Roads. [4]

The Lucerne

The Lucerne Lucerne-knoxville-tn1.jpg
The Lucerne

The Lucerne (201 West Fifth Avenue) is a three-story brick Neoclassical-style apartment building constructed circa 1925 by furniture store magnate James G. Sterchi. [1] [5] The building has a front portico with stone Corinthian columns, a flat roof with a limestone cornice and parapet, and an ashlar limestone foundation. [1] In its early years, the basement of the Lucerne was home to the Fifth Avenue Tea Room, a popular gathering place among local women. [2] The building is now a condominium operated by Lucerne Condos, Inc.

Sterchi Oaks

Sterchi Oaks (205 West Fifth Avenue) is a three-story brick Neoclassical-style apartment building, also constructed circa 1910 by James G. Sterchi. [1] [5] The building has extended porches and balconies on all three levels. The first-story porch consists of a brick arcade supported by marble piers. The second-story balcony has four Doric columns and a brick balustrade. The third-story balcony has wooden Doric posts and a brick balustrade. [1] The building is now a condominium operated by Lucerne Condos, Inc.

Patterson Cottage

Patterson Cottage (605 King street), also called "L'Hotel" after an early owner, [1] is a two-story brick Neoclassical apartment building constructed circa 1910. A limestone cornice surrounds the top of the building, just above the second floor. [1] The building is now a condominium operated by Lucerne Condos, Inc.

507-509 N. Central Street

507-509 N. Central Street, now called McMillan Place, is a two-story, two-unit, Colonial Revival-style rowhouse built circa 1905. The building has a brick exterior and foundation, and a flat roof and a metal cornice. The front porches are lined with wooden columns with Doric capitals and a sawn wood balustrade. [1]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lancaster (village), New York</span> Village in New York, United States

Lancaster is a village in Erie County, New York, United States. As of the 2010 census, the village population was 10,352. It is part of the Buffalo–Niagara Falls Metropolitan Statistical Area.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fountain City, Knoxville</span> Neighborhood in Knoxville, Tennessee

Fountain City is a neighborhood in northern Knoxville, Tennessee, in the southeastern United States. Although not a census-designated place, the populations of the two ZIP codes that serve Fountain City— 37918 and 37912— were 36,815 and 18,695, respectively, as of the 2000 U.S. census. At the time of its annexation by the city of Knoxville in 1962, Fountain City was the largest unincorporated community in the United States.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mechanicsville, Knoxville</span> United States historic place

Mechanicsville is a neighborhood in Knoxville, Tennessee, United States, located northwest of the city's downtown area. One of the city's oldest neighborhoods, Mechanicsville was established in the late 1860s for skilled laborers working in the many factories that sprang up along Knoxville's periphery. The neighborhood still contains a significant number of late-19th-century Victorian homes, and a notable concentration of early-20th-century shotgun houses. In 1980, several dozen properties in Mechanicsville were added to the National Register of Historic Places as the Mechanicsville Historic District. The neighborhood was also designated as a local historic district in 1991, subject to historic zoning and design standards.

Concord is an unincorporated community in Knox County, Tennessee, United States and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places as a historic district, the Concord Village Historic District. The United States Geographic Names Information System classifies Concord as a populated place. It is located in western Knox County, east of Farragut and west of Knoxville. Mail destined for Concord is now addressed to Concord, Knoxville, or Farragut.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kingston Pike</span> United States historic place

Kingston Pike is a highway in Knox County, Tennessee, United States, that connects Downtown Knoxville with West Knoxville, Farragut, and other communities in the western part of the county. The road follows a merged stretch of U.S. Route 11 (US 11) and US 70. From its initial construction in the 1790s until the development of the Interstate Highway System in the 1960s, Kingston Pike was the main traffic artery in western Knox County, and an important section of several cross-country highways. The road is now a major commercial corridor, containing hundreds of stores, restaurants, and other retail establishments.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Southern Terminal, Knoxville, Tennessee</span> United States historic place

The Southern Terminal is a former railway complex located at 306 West Depot Avenue in Knoxville, Tennessee, USA. The complex, which includes a passenger terminal and express depot adjacent to a large railyard, was built in 1903 by the Southern Railway. Both the terminal and depot were designed by noted train station architect Frank Pierce Milburn (1868–1926). In 1985, the terminal complex, along with several dozen warehouses and storefronts in the adjacent Old City and vicinity, were listed on the National Register of Historic Places as the Southern Terminal and Warehouse Historic District.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Central Troy Historic District</span> Historic district in New York, United States

The Central Troy Historic District is an irregularly shaped, 96-acre (39 ha) area of downtown Troy, New York, United States. It has been described as "one of the most perfectly preserved 19th-century downtowns in the [country]" with nearly 700 properties in a variety of architectural styles from the early 19th to mid-20th centuries. These include most of Russell Sage College, one of two privately owned urban parks in New York, and two National Historic Landmarks. Visitors ranging from the Duke de la Rochefoucauld to Philip Johnson have praised aspects of it. Martin Scorsese used parts of downtown Troy as a stand-in for 19th-century Manhattan in The Age of Innocence.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Clinton Avenue Historic District (Albany, New York)</span> Historic district along street in Albany, NY, USA

The Clinton Avenue Historic District in Albany, New York, United States, is a 70-acre (28 ha) area along that street between North Pearl and Quail streets. It also includes some blocks along neighboring streets such as Lark and Lexington.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">East 73rd Street Historic District</span> Block of former carriage houses in Manhattan, New York

The East 73rd Street Historic District is a block of that street on the Upper East Side of the New York City borough of Manhattan, on the south side of the street between Lexington and Third Avenues. It is a neighborhood of small rowhouses built from the mid-19th to early 20th centuries.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Old North Knoxville</span> Neighborhood in Knoxville, Tennessee, United States

Old North Knoxville is a neighborhood in Knoxville, Tennessee, United States, located just north of the city's downtown area. Initially established as the town of North Knoxville in 1889, the area was a prominent suburb for Knoxville's upper middle and professional classes until the 1950s. After a period of decline, preservationists began restoring many of the neighborhood's houses in the 1980s. In 1992, over 400 houses and secondary structures in the neighborhood were added to the National Register of Historic Places as the Old North Knoxville Historic District.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fourth and Gill, Knoxville</span> Historic house in Tennessee, United States

Fourth and Gill is a neighborhood in Knoxville, Tennessee, United States, located north of the city's downtown area. Initially developed in the late nineteenth century as a residential area for Knoxville's growing middle and professional classes, the neighborhood still contains most of its original Victorian-era houses, churches, and streetscapes. In 1985, 282 houses and other buildings in the neighborhood were added to the National Register of Historic Places as the Fourth and Gill Historic District.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Parkridge, Knoxville</span> United States historic place

Parkridge is a neighborhood in Knoxville, Tennessee, United States, located off Magnolia Avenue east of the city's downtown area. Developed as a streetcar suburb for Knoxville's professional class in the 1890s, the neighborhood was incorporated as the separate city of Park City in 1907, and annexed by Knoxville in 1917. In the early 1900s, the neighborhood provided housing for workers at the nearby Standard Knitting Mill factory.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">James G. Sterchi</span>

James Gilbert Sterchi was an American businessman, best known as the cofounder and head of the furniture wholesaler, Sterchi Brothers Furniture Company. At its height, Sterchi Brothers was the world's largest furniture store chain, with sixty-five stores across the southeastern United States and a worldwide customer base. In 1946, the company became the first Knoxville-based firm to be listed on the New York Stock Exchange. The company's ten-story headquarters, now called Sterchi Lofts, stands prominently along Knoxville's skyline, and Sterchi's home in northern Knoxville, Stratford Mansion, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gay Street (Knoxville)</span> United States historic place

Gay Street is a street in Knoxville, Tennessee, United States, that traverses the heart of the city's downtown area. Since its development in the 1790s, Gay Street has served as the city's principal financial and commercial thoroughfare, and has played a primary role in the city's historical and cultural development. The street contains Knoxville's largest office buildings and oldest commercial structures. Several buildings on Gay Street have been listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Arbor Hill Historic District–Ten Broeck Triangle</span> Historic area of Albany, New York

The Arbor Hill Historic District–Ten Broeck Triangle, originally the Ten Broeck Historic District, is a seven-block area located within the Arbor Hill neighborhood north of what is today downtown Albany, New York, United States. In 1979 its easternmost third, the Ten Broeck Triangle, the second oldest residential neighborhood in the city, was recognized as a historic district and listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Four years later, the district was increased to its current size and renamed to reflect its expansion to include some of the rest of Arbor Hill.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Broadway–Livingston Avenue Historic District</span> Historic district in New York, United States

The Broadway–Livingston Avenue Historic District is located at the junction of those two streets in Albany, New York, United States. It includes seven buildings remaining from an original 20, all contributing properties, and a Warren truss railroad bridge. In 1988 the area was recognized as a historic district and listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">South Market Historic District</span> Historic district in Tennessee, United States

The South Market Historic District is a cluster of five buildings at the intersection of Market Street and Church Avenue in Knoxville, Tennessee, United States, listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1996. The buildings, which include the Cherokee Building, the Ely Building, the Cunningham, the Stuart, and the Cate, were built circa 1895—1907, and were used for both office space and residential space. Several prominent Knoxville physicians and three marble companies operated out of the buildings in this district in the early 1900s.

Charles Ives Barber was an American architect, active primarily in Knoxville, Tennessee, and vicinity, during the first half of the 20th century. He was cofounder of the firm, Barber & McMurry, through which he designed or codesigned buildings such as the Church Street Methodist Episcopal Church, South, the General Building, and the Knoxville YMCA, as well as several campus buildings for the University of Tennessee and numerous elaborate houses in West Knoxville. Several buildings designed by Barber have been listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Richard Franklin Graf (1863–1940) was an American architect active primarily in Knoxville, Tennessee and the vicinity in the early 20th century. His works include Stratford Mansion (1910), Sterchi Building (1921), St. John's Lutheran Church (1913), and the Journal Arcade (1924). His home, the Prairie School-inspired Graf House, is considered Knoxville's first modern home. Several buildings designed by Graf have been listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fair Haven Green Historic District</span> Historic district in Vermont, United States

The Fair Haven Green Historic District encompasses the village green of Fair Haven, Vermont, and the heterogeneous collection of civic, commercial, and residential buildings that line it and adjacent streets. The area was developed mainly following the arrival of the railroad in 1848 and the subsequent expansion of marble and slate quarries in the area. The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 Ann Bennett, National Register of Historic Places Nomination Form for Emory Place Historic District, May 1994.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 A Brief History of Greater Emory Place Archived 2011-07-26 at the Wayback Machine . Fourth and Gill Neighborhood Organization. Retrieved: 12 August 2010.
  3. 1 2 Josh Flory, Alcoa Firm Joins Emory Place Transformation Archived 2010-08-09 at the Wayback Machine . Knoxnews.com, 4 February 2010. Retrieved: 12 August 2010.
  4. Two Roads. Accessed 16 October 2015.
  5. 1 2 Ann Bennett, Historic and Architectural Resources of Knoxville and Knox County, May 1994, p. 27.