Eugeniusz Smolar (born December 31, 1945) is a Polish journalist and member of the opposition movement during the People's Republic of Poland. He is the brother of Aleksander Smolar who is the head of the Stefan Batory Foundation in Warsaw, [1] [2] established in 1988 by American financier and philanthropist George Soros. [3] He is son of prominent communist activist Grzegorz Smolar.
Under socialist Poland Smolar was a member of the opposition movement. He was imprisoned during his university studies in 1968 and 1969 for participating in student demonstrations protesting the Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia. [4] In 1970, Smolar emigrated from Poland to Sweden and was involved in creating and publishing a political quarterly, Aneks . He was involved in organizing aid for the Polish opposition and the Solidarity (Polish trade union) movement. [5]
He later became a journalist for the BBC and was the director of the BBC Polish Section between 1988 and 1997. After returning to Poland in 1997 he became a member of the board of Polish Radio. Between 2005 and 2009 he was the President of the Centre of International Relations in Warsaw. He is also a member of the editorial board of New Eastern Europe. [6]
Solidarity, full name Independent Self-Governing Trade Union "Solidarity", is a Polish trade union founded in August 1980 at the Lenin Shipyard in Gdańsk, Poland. Subsequently, it was the first independent trade union in a Warsaw Pact country to be recognised by the state.
Aleksander Kwaśniewski is a Polish politician and journalist. He served as the president of Poland from 1995 to 2005. His tenure as President was marked by modernization of Poland, rapid economic growth, the drafting of a new Polish Constitution (1997), and the accession of Poland to NATO (1999) and the European Union (2004). In 2004, he brokered a pro-democratic agreement during the Orange Revolution in Ukraine.
The Stefan Batory Foundation is an independent Polish non-government organization established by American financier and philanthropist, George Soros, along with a group of Polish opposition leaders of 1980s, and registered in Poland since May 1988. It is named after Stephen Báthory, the 16th-century Polish king. The foundation's mission is to support the development of an open, democratic society in Poland along with other Central and East European countries.
Bronisław Geremek was a Polish social historian and politician. He was an opposition activist in Communist Poland and participated in the Polish Round Table Agreement.
Tadeusz Mazowiecki was a Polish author, journalist, philanthropist and politician, formerly one of the leaders of the Solidarity movement, and the first non-communist Polish prime minister since 1946, having held the post from 1989 to 1991.
During World War II in Poland, education often took place underground. Secretly conducted education prepared scholars and workers for the postwar reconstruction of Poland and countered German and Soviet threats to eradicate Polish culture.
Danuta Maria Hübner is a Polish politician and Diplomat and Economist and Member of the European Parliament. She has served as European Commissioner for Regional Policy from 22 November 2004 until 4 July 2009, when she resigned to become a Member of European Parliament for the Civic Platform. In 2012, Professor Hübner became a member of the International Honorary Council of the European Academy of Diplomacy.
The House of Lubomirski is a Polish princely family. The Lubomirski family's coat of arms is the Drużyna coat of arms, which is similar to the Szreniawa coat of arms but without a cross.
Anna Maria Radziwiłł was a Polish historian, educator, and politician. She was a former member of the Polish Senate and Minister of Education, and was very active in educational reform and the underground educational movement during the Communist era in Poland.
Maciej Aleksy Dawidowski codename: Alek, Glizda, Kopernicki, Koziorożec was a Polish scoutmaster (podharcmistrz), Polish Scouting resistance activist and Second Lieutenant of the Armia Krajowa during the Second World War. Dawidowski is a main character in the books Kamienie na Szaniec by Aleksander Kamiński, and Rudy, Alek, Zośka by Barbara Wachowicz.
Bronisław Maria Komorowski is a Polish politician and historian who served as President of Poland from 2010 to 2015.
Antoni Bohdziewicz was a Polish screenplay writer and director, best known for his 1956 adaptation of Zemsta by Aleksander Fredro.
Zbigniew Pełczyński was a Polish-British political philosopher and academic. He taught politics at Pembroke College, Oxford, from 1957 to 1992, and was later an Emeritus Fellow of the college. Pełczyński was instrumental in providing opportunities for scholars from Poland and other post-communist countries to study at British universities, especially at Oxford and Cambridge.
The Chopin University of Music is a musical conservatorium and academy located in central Warsaw, Poland. It is the oldest and largest music school in Poland, and one of the largest in Europe.
Batory High School is a public secondary school founded on 1 September 1918 and located at 6 Myśliwiecka Street in Warsaw, Poland. It is one of the best and most prestigious high schools in Poland. Famous alumni include among others composer Witold Lutosławski and poet and Home Army soldier Krzysztof Kamil Baczyński, killed during the Warsaw Uprising.
Jacek Cichocki is a Polish politician and a former member of the Polish Council of Ministers. Cichocki served as the minister of interior in the second cabinet of Prime Minister Donald Tusk and later as chief of the Chancellery for Tusk and his successor Ewa Kopacz
Stefan Jędrychowski was a Polish communist politician, economist, and journalist, who served as deputy prime minister, minister of foreign affiars, and minister of finance.
Adam Glapiński is a Polish economist and politician, the current President of the National Bank of Poland, Economics professor, a member of the first term of the Sejm, a member of the fourth term of the Senate and between 2010 and 2016 a member of the Monetary Policy Council. He also served as the Minister for Construction and Spatial Planning and later as the Minister for Foreign Economic Cooperation.
Karolina Wigura is a sociologist, historian of ideas and journalist. She is Member of the Board of Kultura Liberalna Foundation, which publishes Kultura Liberalna, one of Poland's leading weekly magazines. She is also a Senior Fellow of the German liberal-conservative thinktank Zentrum Liberale Moderne (LibMod), an assistant professor at Warsaw University's Institute of Sociology and a member of the European Council on Foreign Relations.
Aleksander Smolar is a Polish writer, political activist and adviser, vice-president of Institute for Human Sciences and president of the Stefan Batory Foundation. He is son of prominent communist activist Grzegorz Smolar.
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