Abu Bakr Abdallah ibn Uthman Abi Quhafa was the senior companion and was, through his daughter Aisha, a father-in-law of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, as well as the first caliph of Islam. He is known with the honorific title al-Siddiq by Muslims.
The Battle of Badr, also referred to as The Day of the Criterion in the Qur'an and by Muslims, was fought on 13 March 624 CE, near the present-day city of Badr, Al Madinah Province in Saudi Arabia. Muhammad, commanding an army of his Sahaba, defeated an army of the Quraysh led by Amr ibn Hishām, better known as Abu Jahl. The battle marked the beginning of the six-year war between Muhammad and his tribe. Prior to the battle, the Muslims and the Meccans had fought several smaller skirmishes in late 623 and early 624.
Bilāl ibn Rabāḥ, c. 580–640, was one of the most trusted and loyal Sahabah (companions) of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. He was born in Mecca and is considered to have been the first mu'azzin in history, chosen by Muhammad himself. He was a former Abyssinian slave and was known for his voice with which he called people to their prayers. He died in 640, about the age of 60.
The siege of Ta'if took place in 630, as the Muslims under the leadership of Muhammad besieged the city of Ta'if after their victory in the battles of Hunayn and Autas. One of the chieftains of Ta'if, Urwah ibn Mas'ud, was absent in Yemen during that siege. However, the city did not succumb to the siege. Muhammad brought trebuchets and testudos to use against the fortress, but was unable to penetrate it with these weapons.
The Banū ʿĀmir ibn Ṣaʿṣaʿa was a large and ancient Arab tribe originating from central Arabia, that dominated Najd for centuries after the rise of Islam. The tribe is an Arab Adnanite tribe and its lineage is traced back to Adnan and Ishmael son of Abraham through Hawazin, and its original homeland was the border area between Nejd and Hejaz in Khurmah and Ranyah. Although the Banu Amir were engaged in a long war with the Quraysh before the appearance of Islam—manifesting in particular as the Fijar War—the tribe was characterized by giving late allegiance to Muhammad and his immediate successors. The tribe produced several well-known Arabic poets, the most famous of whom was Labid ibn Rabi'ah, an author of one of the Seven Hanged Poems. Other poets included Amir ibn al-Tufayl, an important tribal chief; al-Ra'i al-Numayri, an opponent of Jarir; and the female poet Layla al-Akhyaliyyah. The protagonists of the romantic saga of Layla wal Majnun, Qays and Layla, also belonged to Banu Amir.
The Invasion of Banu Qurayza took place in Dhul Qa‘dah during January of CE 627 and followed on from the Battle of the Trench.
Banu Salim or Banu Saleem or Bani Salim was a tribe during the Islamic prophet Muhammad's era. They participated in the Al Kudr Invasion. On Khalid ibn Walid's return from Nakhla expedition to destroy al-Uzza, Khalid bin Al-Waleed at the head of 350 horsemen of Helpers, Emigrants and Banu Saleem was despatched once again in the same year 8 A.H in the Expedition of Khalid ibn al-Walid to the habitation of Bani Khuzaimah bedouins, who were Sabaeans.
The Expedition of al-Muraysiʿ was an early Muslim campaign against the tribe of Banu Mustaliq which took place in December 627 CE.
The expedition of Dhat al-Riqa took place in July AD 625, or after the Battle of Khaybar in AD 628, i.e. AH 7 of the Islamic calendar. Two Quran verses, 5:11 and 4:101, are related to this event.
The Expedition of Umar ibn al-Khattab to Turbah took place in July 628 CE, or in the 3rd month of the year 7 of the Islamic calendar (AH).
Expedition of Ghalib ibn Abdullah al-Laithi to Mayfah took place in January 628 AD, 9th Month 7AH, of the Islamic Calendar.
The second expedition of Bashir ibn Saʽd al-Anṣari, which was to Yemen, took place in February 628 AD,10th Month 7AH, of the Islamic Calendar.
Expedition of Ghalib ibn Abdullah al-Laithi to Fadak took place in January 629 AD, 10th Month 7AH, of the Islamic Calendar.
Expedition of Shuja ibn Wahb al-Asadi to Al-Siyii took place in May AD 629, AH 8, 3rd month, of the Islamic calendar.
Expedition of Abdullah ibn Rawaha to Khaybar, took place in February 628 AD. Ibn Hisham also refers to this as Abdullah b. Rawaha's raid to kill al-Yusayr b. Rizam.
The expedition of Khalid ibn al-Walid to Nakhla took place in January 630 AD, 8AH, in the 9th month of the Islamic Calendar.
Raid of Sa'd ibn Zaid al-Ashhali, took place in January 630 AD, 8AH, 9th month, of the Islamic Calendar, in the vicinity of al-Mushallal. Sa'd ibn Zaid al-Ashhali was sent to demolish the images of the gods worshipped by the polytheist tribes around the area.
Expedition of Khalid ibn al-Walid, to Mecca, against Banu Jadhimah, took place in January 630 AD, 8AH, 9th month, of the Islamic Calendar.
Expedition of Khalid ibn al-Walid, to Dumat Al-Jandal, to attack the Christian Prince of Duma, took place in March 631 AD, 9AH, 11th month of the Islamic Calendar, or October 630 AD according to William Montgomery Watt.
Expedition of Surad ibn Abdullah to attack the people of Jurash took place in 10 AH of the Islamic calendar, around Spring.
